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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 types of Aquatic Biomes?
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-Fresh water
-Marine Biome (salt water) |
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What 4 factors that determine the Aquatic Biomes?
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-Temperature
-Water depth -Salinity -Water currents |
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What are 3 types of Fresh Water Biomes?
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-Flowing
-Standing -Fresh water |
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What are the 5 Marine Ecosystems?
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-Intertidal
-Coastal Ocean -Bentic Zone -Coral reefs -Estuaries |
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What is an Estuary?
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When Fresh water and the Marine biome meet.
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What is the Photic zone?
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The part of the ocean that receives sunlight.
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What is the Aphotic zone?
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The part of the ocean that doesn't receive sunlight.
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What is Photosynthesis?
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Using the sun's energy, water, and Co2 to create sugar and oxygen.
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What is Chemosynthesis?
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Using chemicals to make sugar for energy.
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What is Bio-luminescence?
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The production of light through a chemical reaction.
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What is a Eutrophic Lake?
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Rich in organic matter and vegetation. Murky water.
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What is a Oligotrophic Lake
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Contains little organic matter. Clear and cold water.
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What is Plankton?
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Any free-floating water organism.
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What are the 2 types of Plankton?
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-Zooplankton
-Phytoplankton |
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What is a Autotroph?
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An organism that makes its own food.
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What is a Heterotroph?
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An organism that consumes its own food.
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What is a Pseudopod?
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They are Sarcodines that move by projecting their cytoplasm.
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What are Cilia?
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Tiny hairs that allow the organism to move around.
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What is a Flagellum?
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A whip like tail
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Which phylum of unicellular algae is the most abundant?
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Diatoms
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Large forests of brown algae are called, _____ forests.
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Kelp forests.
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What are 3 types of plants found in a river?
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-Emergents
-Submergents -Floating |
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What is an Anadromous fish? Give an example.
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They are born in the river, but live most of their lives in the ocean. Only coming back to the river to lay eggs.
-Lamprey, Salmon, Steelhead |
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What is a Catadromous fish? Give an example.
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They are born in the ocean, but spend most of their lives in the river. Only returning to the ocean to lay eggs.
-Eels |
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What is Symbiosis?
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A relationship between 2 organisms.
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What type of symbiosis is the relationship between a Shark and Remora fish?
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Commensalism.
-One organism is benefited while the other isn't affected. The Remora fish eats the parasites off the shark, keeping it healthy. |
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What type of symbiosis is the relationship between a Clown fish and Sea anemone?
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Mutualism.
-Both organisms benefit from each other. |
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What type of symbiosis is the relationship between a Lamprey and a salmon?
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Parasitism.
-One organism is benefited and the other organism is harmed. |
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What is Dorsal?
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Back side
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What is Ventral?
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Belly side
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What is Anterior?
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Head end
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What is Posterior?
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Tail end
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What is the phylum name for sponges?
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Porifera
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What is the phylum name for stinging cell animals?
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Cnidarian
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What is an Osculum?
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A hole where water exits through a sponge.
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What is the purpose of a spicule?
What type of animal has them? What are they made of? |
-The skeleton of a sponge
-Sponges -Calcium or Silica |
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What are Choanocytes (collar cells)
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Line the central cavity of a sponge. special cells with flagella to keep the water moving throughout the cavity.
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What does the word Sessile mean?
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Not motile. The organism stays in one place.
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What is a Filter-feeder?
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An organism that filters the water for the nutrients.
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What is Nematocyst?
What type of cell has them? |
-Used for defense
-Cnidarians |
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What are 2 functions Nematocysts are used for?
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-Defense
-Paralyzing prey |
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What phylum of animals have a nerve net?
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Cnidarians
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What phylum of animals have a ganglia?
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Planarians
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What phylum does a planarian or fluke belong to?
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Turbellaria
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What phylum of worms were the first to have a digest tract with a one-way flow?
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Nematoda
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What is a Hermaphrodite?
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An organism with both male and female reproductive organs.
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What is the phylum for soft bodied animals?
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Molluska
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What are the 3 classes of Molluska?
Describe and give an example. |
-Gastropods: Shell-less or single shelled,move by a muscular foot. Snails, slugs, and nudibranchs.
-Bivalves: 2 hinged shells, move by a muscular foot, use a siphon to filter feed. Clams, Oysters, and Muscles. -Cephalopods: Soft bodied, head is attached to foot, foot is dived into tentacles with sucking discs. Squids, Octopi, and Cuttlefish. |
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What is Cephalization?
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Concentration of sensory organs on the anterior.
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What are 3 characteristics of all Arthropods?
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-Joint appendages/ segments/exoskeleton
-Mandibles (chewing mouth parts) -Metamorphism- egg-larva-adult |
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Why must Arthropods molt?
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To grow and develop.
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What is the class of Arthropods that a horseshoe crab belongs to?
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Chelierates
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What is the class of Arthropods that true crabs, lobsters, and shrimp belong to?
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Crustaceans
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What is an exoskeleton?
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An organism with a shell on the outside.
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What is the phylum for spiny skinned animals?
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Echinoderm
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What type of skeleton do echinoderms have?
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Endoskeleton
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What is the water-vascular system?
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Respiration, Circulation, and Movement.
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What are tube feet?
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Suction cups on an organisms feet that allow them to move.
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What are the major classes of Echinoderms?
Give an example of each one. |
-Astroidea: Seastars
-Holothuroidea: Sea cucumbers -Echinoidea: Sea urchins -Crinoidea: Sea lillies -Ophiuroidea: Brittle stars |
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What are 4 characteristics of all chordates?
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-Dorsal, hollow nerve cord
-Notochord -Pharyngeal pouches -Tail |
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What are the 2 examples of invertebrate Chordates?
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-Tunicates
-Lancelates |
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What are the 3 classes of fish?
Describe and give an example. |
-Agnatha: Jawless fish, lack vertebrae. Lamprey and Hagfish
-Chondrichthyes: Made of Cartilage, tooth like scales. Sharks, Skates, and Rays. -Osteichthyes: Made of bone. |
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What are the major classes of marine reptiles?
Give an example of each. |
-Crocodilia: Crocodiles
-Testudines: Turtles -Squamata: Marine lizards |
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What is the Difference between, A: Endotherms and
B: Exotherms? |
A: Warm blooded
B: Cold blooded |
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What are the 2 groups of bony fish called?
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-Ray finned
-Lobe finned |
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What are the 2 groups of marine birds?
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-Shore birds
-Pelagic birds |
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What type of egg is a characteristic of both reptiles and birds?
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The Amniotic egg.
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What are the 6 major characteristics of mammals?
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-Hair
-Specialized teeth -Endothermic -Mammary glands -Placenta -Diaphram |
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What is the difference between, A: placental mammals and, B: monotremes?
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A: Live birth
B: Lay eggs |
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What animals discussed in class belong to each of the following groups?
A: Monotremes B: Carnivora C: Cetacea D: Sirenia |
A: Billed Duck, Platypus
B: Dolphins, Whales C: Polar bears, Sea lions D: Manatees, Dugongs |
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What are the 2 body styles of Cnidarians?
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-Medusa
-Polyp |
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What is the Pharynx on a flatworm?
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Sucks food into their mouth.
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Which worm phylum was the first to have a true coelom?
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Annalidia
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What is the purpose of a swim bladder in fish?
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To help them float.
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