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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hardware
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Computer's physical components, monitor, keyboard, memory chimps, Hard drive
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Software
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Instructions that directs the hardware to accomplish a task
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4 basic functions of hardware
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Input, output, processing & storage
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Bit
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1 or a 0 also called a binary digit
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Binary
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Technology of storing and reading only two staes, and the number system that only uses two digits,0 and 1 is the Binary number system
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Byte
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Group of 8 Bits
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Most important component in the case
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CPU/ microprocessor/ processor
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CPU
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All processing done by the computer, data received by input devices is read by the CPU and output from the CPU is written to output devices
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All hardware requires..
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method to communicate w/ the CPU
Software to instruct Electricity |
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Primary input device of a computer
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Keyboard
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two most popular output devices....
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Printer and the Monitor
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15 pin 3 row connector
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Video connector
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25 pin parallel port connector
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Printer connector
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Two types of cables inside the computer case
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Data cables & power cables or power cords.
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Largest and most important circuit board in the computer
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Motherboard (also named: main board or system board)
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Peripheral Device
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A device indirectly linked to the motherboard by an expansion card
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Serial Port
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Data is transferred serially (one bit follows the next)
-external modem -serial mouse |
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Parallel port
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Transmit data in parallel and most often used by a printer
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Universal Serial Bus (USB)
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Used by many idfferent input/output devices
-keyboards -scanner -printers -mice |
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1394 port
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Firewire port-used for high speed multimedia (digital cameras)
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Components used for temporary storage found on Motherboard
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Random Access Memeory (RAM)
Cache memory |
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Components that allow the CPU to communicate with other devices
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traces, wires on the motherboard
Expansion slots The system clock (keeps communication in sync) |
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Programming and setup data stored on the motherboard
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-Flash ROM (permanently store instructions that control basic hardware)
-CMOS (hold config data) |
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Chip set
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assists the CPU, group of microchips that control the flow of data and instructions to and from the CPU, providing careful timing of activities
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Microprocessor and chip set manufacturers
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Intel, AMD, VIA, SiS, Cyrix and others
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Names for Temporary Storage
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-Primary storage
-Memory |
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Two types of storage
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-temporary
-Permanent |
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What does the CPU use Temporary storage for?
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To temporarily hold both data and instructions while it is processing them--much faster to access then primary storage
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Secondary Storage
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When data and instructions are not being used, they must be kept in permanent storage or secondary storage
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Primary Storage provided by devices called...
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Memory or Random Access Memory (RAM)
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The most common types of boards that hold memory chips are called ..
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-SIMM (Single Inline Memory Modules)
-DIMM (Dual....) -RIMM (Memory modules manufactured by Rambus) |
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What happens to information stored in RAM when the computer is turned off?
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Whatever info is stored in RAM is lost when the computer is turned off. RAM needs continuous supply of electrical power to hold data
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Volitile memory
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RAM memory is volitile because it is temporary in nature
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Nonvolitile memory
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ROM (read only memory)- holds data permanently even when the power is turned off
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Secondary Storage devices...
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CD-ROM
DVD Floppy disks |
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How many IDE connections are provided on the motherboard
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2, primary and secondary
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How many IDE devices are supported by a system?
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4- two connections per cable
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