Management Theories

Front 1

Liberal
economics

Back 1

Market and competition should be the regulators of economic activity
Division of labor provides the greatest opportunity for increased productivity

Hint 1

Adam
Smith

Front 2

Scientific
management

Back 2

Management’s responsibility is knowing what they want workers to do and
then seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way
He believed in functional authority, in which all authority is based on
knowledge, not position

Hint 2

Frederick
Taylor

Front 3

Bureaucratic
management

Back 3

Responsibilities are clearly defined and behavior is tightly controlled by rules,
policies, and procedures.

Hint 3

Max
Weber

Front 4

Administrative
management

Back 4

The major functions of management are planning, organization, command,
coordination, and control.
14 principles of management: division of labor, authority, discipline, unity of
command, unity of direction, subordination of individual interests to the
general interest, remuneration, centralization, scalar chain, order, equity,
stability of tenure of personnel, initiative, and morale

Hint 4

Henry
Fayol

Front 5

Quality control

Back 5

Most quality problems are not the fault of employees, but the system. When
quality is improved, (1) costs decrease because of less rework, fewer
mistakes, fewer delays, and better use of time and materials; (2) productivity
improves; (3) market share increases with better quality and prices; (4) the
company increases profitability and stays in business; and (5) the number of
jobs increases.

Hint 5

W.
Edwards
Deming

Front 6

Role of manager

Back 6

Managers have 3 roles: managing a business, managing managers, managing
workers and their work.
Economic considerations should be the primary focus of managers

Hint 6

Peter
Drucker

Front 7

Hierarchy of
needs

Back 7

People are motivated based on a hierarchy of needs: biology, safety,
socialization, self-esteem, self-actualization

Hint 7

Abraham
Maslow

Front 8

Theory X

Back 8

Average person has an inherent dislike of work; people must be coerced,
controlled, directed, threatened with punishment; average person prefers to be
directed, and wishes to avoid responsibility

Hint 8

Douglass
McGregor

Front 9

Theory Y

Back 9

People will exercise self-direction for objectives to which they are committed;
commitment to objectives is a function of reward; average person learns to
accept and seek responsibility; people’s potentials are only partially utilized

Hint 9

Douglass
McGregor

Front 10

Theory Z

Back 10

Lifetime employment; collective decision making; promotion from within;
non-specialized career paths

Hint 10

William
Ouchi

Front 11

Learning
organization

Back 11

Organization is outcome driven and willing to change direction if the initial
direction is different than the desired outcome.

Hint 11

Peter
Senge

Front 12

Management by
walking around

Back 12

Just what it sounds like

Hint 12

Motorola

Front 13

Management by
coaching and
development

Back 13

Manager leads not by ordering but by coaching and in this way performs the
role of employee training

Hint 13

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