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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Organization Change
Movement of an organization away from its present state and toward some desired future state to increase its efficiency and effectiveness
What are the steps in the organizational change process?
Assess the need for change, decide on the change to make, implement the change, and evaluate the change.
Organizational Learning
Process through which managers try to increase organizational members’ abilities to understand and appropriately respond to changing conditions
Top-down change
Top managers identify what needs to be changed, decide what to do, and then move quickly to implement changes throughout the organization
Bottom-up change
Managers at all levels work together to develop a detailed plan for change
Inertia (Resistance to change)
People want to do the status quo
Timing (Resistance to change)
People feel its was a bad time to implement the change
Surprise (Resistance to change)
People feel you have not given them enough time to react to the change
Peer Pressure (resistance to change).
Team members band together to resist the change.
Self-interest (resistance to change).
People resist change because they will lose something of value (selfish).
Misunderstanding (resistance to change).
People resist because they don't fully understand it.
Different Assessments (resistance to change).
Management has more information than the employees; employees thinks change is another headache for them
Management Tactics (resistance to change).
Management does not execute the change well and other changes employees resist
Three-Stage Change Management Mode
Unfreezing, Moving, Refreezing
Unfreezing
realizing the current practices are inappropriate and that new behavior must be enacted
Moving
instituting the change
Refreezing
strengthening the new behaviors that support the change
Education and communication (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
Educating, persuading, and discussing the change of its employees
Facilitation and support (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
Training for the change and provide support
Negotiation and rewards (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
Giving rewards to employees if they implement the change
Explicit and implicit coercion (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
Manager use punishment or threat of punishment to those who resist the change.
Manipulation and cooptation (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
use subtle or covert tatics to implement change or put some someone who resisting the change in desirable role in the change process.
Participation and involvement(Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
People who are affected by the change are involved in its design and implementation.
Education and Communication should be used when...
Where there is a lack of information or inaccurate information or analysis
Education and Communication advantage
Once persuaded, people will often help you with the implementation of the change
Drawbacks of education and communication
Time-consuming if lots of people are involved.
Participation and involvement are commonly used in situations where...
Where the initators do not have all the information they need to design the change and where other have considerable powers to resist
Advantages of participation and involvement
People who participate will be committed to implementin the change and any relevant information they will have integrated into the change plan
Drawback of participation and involvement
Can be time-consuming if implementing a inappropriate change.
Facilitation and Support are commonly used in situations where...
People are resisting because of adjustment problems
Advantages of facilitation and support
no other problem works as well with adjustment problems
Drawbacks of facilitation and support
time-consuming and expensive and still fail.
Negotiations and Rewards are used in situations where...
When someone or some group has clearly something they will lose i the change and they have a considerable amount of power to resist the change.
Advantages of Negotiations and Rewards.
Sometimes is a relative easy way to avoid major resistance
Disadvantage of negotiations and rewards
expensive if alerts other people to negotiate for compliance