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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ethics |
The principle of right and wrong that individuals use to make choices to guide their behaviours |
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Profiling |
Using computers to combine data from multiple sources and create electronic dossiers of detailed information on individuals |
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Nonobvious relationship awareness (NORA) |
Taking information about people from many disparate sources and correlate relationships to find obscure hidden connections that might help identify criminals and terrorists |
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Responsibility |
Accepting potential costs, duties, and obligations, for decisions |
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Accountability |
Mechanisms put in place to determine who is responsible |
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Liability |
Laws that permit individuals to recover the damages done to them by other actors, systems, or organizations |
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Due process |
The ability to appeal to higher authorities to ensure that the laws are applied correctly |
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Immanuel Kant's Categorical Imperative |
If an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone |
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Descartes' Rule of Change |
If an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all |
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Utilitarian principle |
Take the action that achieves the higher or greater value |
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Risk aversion principle |
Take the action that produces the least harm and the least potential cost |
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Ethical "no free lunch" rule |
Assume that virtually all tangible and intangible objects are owned by someone else unless there is a specific declaration otherwise |
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Privacy |
The claim of individuals to be left alone, free from surveillance or interference from other individuals or prganizations, including the state |
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Informed consent |
Consent given with knowledge of all the facts needed to make a rational decision |
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Safe harbour |
A private and self-regulating policy and enforcement mechanism that meets the objectives of but does not involve government regulators and legislations |
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Cookies |
Small text files deposited on computer hard drives when a user visits Web sites |
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Web beacons |
Tiny objects embedded in an e-mail message and web pages that re designed to monitor the behaviour of the user visiting a web site or sending an email |
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Spyware |
Technology that aids in gathering information about a person without their knowledge |
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Opt-out |
An informed consent model that permits the collection of personal information until the consumer specifically requests that the data not be collected |
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Opt-in |
The consumer specifically takes action to approve information collection and use |
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Intellectual property |
Intangible property created by individuals or corporations |
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Trade secret |
Any intellectual work product that is not based on information in the public domain |
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Copyright |
A statutory grant that protects creators of intellectual property from having their work copied by others for at least 50 years |
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Patent |
Grants the owner of an exclusive monopoly on the ideas behind an invention for 17-20 years |
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Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) |
A US law that adjusts copyright laws to the Internet age by making it illegal to make, distribute, or use devices that circumvent technology based protections of copyrighted material |
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Computer crime |
The commission of illegal acts through the use use of a computer or against a computer system |
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Computer abuse |
The commission of acts involving computers that are not illegal but are unethical |
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Spam |
Junk e-mail sent by an organization or individual to a mass audience who have not expressed interest in the product or service being marketed |
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Digital divide |
A disparity in access to computers and Internet among different social groups and locations |
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Repetitive stress injury (RSI) |
When muscle groups are forced through repetitive actions with high impact loads or tens of thousands of repetitions with low impact loads |
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Carpal tunnel syndrom (CTS) |
The most common computer related RSI in which pressure on the media nerve through the wrist's bony structure produces pain |
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Computer vision syndrome (CVS) |
An eyestrain condition related to display screen use |
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Technostress |
Stress induced by computer use |
