Management Info Systems (Test #2)

Front 1

Harware

Back 1

Any machinery that assists in the input, processing, storage, and output activities of an information system.

Front 2

What are harware decisions, businesses must consider?

Back 2

1) Objectives of the information systems
2) Goals of the organization

Front 3

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Back 3

Arithmetic/logic unit, the control unit, and the register areas.

Front 4

Arithmetic/logic Unit (ALU)

Back 4

Performs mathematical calculations and makes logical comparisons

Front 5

Control Unit

Back 5

Sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and coordinates the flow of data in and out of the ALU, registers, primary storage, and even secondary storage and various output devices.

Front 6

Registers

Back 6

High speed storage areas.

Front 7

Primary Storage

Back 7

-Closely associated with the CPU
-Main memory
-Primary memory

Front 8

4 steps in hardware components

Back 8

1) fetch instruction
2) decode instruction
3) execute instruction
4) store results

Front 9

System Unit

Back 9

Houses the components responsible for processing (the CPU and memory)

Front 10

Clock speed

Back 10

Series of electronic pulses produced at a predetermined rate that affects machine cycle time.

Front 11

Microde

Back 11

Predefined, elementary circuits and logical operations that the processor performs when it executes an instruction.

Front 12

Moore's Law

Back 12

Transistor densities on a single chip double every two years.

Front 13

Main Memory

Back 13

-Located physically close to the CPU, but not on the CPU chip itself.
-Rapidly provides data and instructions to the CPU.

Front 14

Storage Capacity

Back 14

Eights bit together form a byte (B).

Front 15

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Back 15

Temporary and volatile.

Front 16

Types of RAM

Back 16

-DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
-DDR2 SDRAM and DDR3 SDRAM
-Static Random Access Memory (SRAM)
-Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (DDR SDRAM)

Front 17

Read-Only Memory (ROM)

Back 17

-Nonvolatile (perminant)
-Provides permanent storage for data and instructions that do not change.

Front 18

Cache Memory

Back 18

-High speed memory that a processor can access more rapidly than main memory.

Front 19

Multiprocessing

Back 19

Simultaneous execution of two or more instructions.

Front 20

Coprocessor

Back 20

Speeds processing.

Front 21

Multicore microprocessor

Back 21

Combines two or more independent processors into a single computer.

Front 22

Parallel computing

Back 22

Simultaneious execution of the same task on multiple processors to obtain results faster.

Front 23

Massively Parallel Processing

Back 23

Systems with thousands of such processors.

Front 24

Grid Computing

Back 24

-Use of a colletion of computers to work in a coordinated manner to solve a common problem.
-Multiple machines connected together.

Front 25

Cloud Computing

Back 25

Uses giant cluster of computers, that serves as a host, to run applications that require high performance computing.

Front 26

Sequential Access

Back 26

Records must be retreived in order in which is stored.

Front 27

Direct Access

Back 27

Records can be retrieved in any order.

Front 28

Data Entry

Back 28

Converts human readable data into machine readable form.

Front 29

Data Input

Back 29

Transfers machine readable data into system.

Front 30

Source data automation

Back 30

Capturing and editing data where the data is initially created and in a form that can be directly input to computer.

Front 31

Eyebud Screens

Back 31

Portable media devices that display video in front of one eye.

Front 32

Special purpose computers

Back 32

Used for limited applications by military and scientific research groups such as the CIA and NASA.

Front 33

General purpose computers

Back 33

Used for a wide variety of applications.