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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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disruptive innovation
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refers to innovations in products, services, or processes that radically change an industry's rules of the game for producers and consumers
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reverse innovaton
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refers to creating innovative low-cost products for emerging markets and then quickly and inexpensively repacking them for sale in developed countries
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incremental innovation
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helps to push the company forward step by step until they can drastically change, its the slight difference in a product, do not downplay the importance of incremental innovation beacause it can lead to disruptive innovation
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product change
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a change in the organizatrion's product or service outputs - can be incremental or disruptive
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technology change
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a change in the organization's production process - more efficient, can be disruptive or icremental
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what are the three innovation strategies?
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- exploration - cooperation - innovation roles |
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as part of the innovation strategies, exploration involves:
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- creativity - bottom-up approach - internal contests - idea incubators |
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as part of the innovation strategies, cooperation involves:
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- horizontal coordination mechanisms - customers, partners - open innovation |
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as part of the innovation strategies, innovation roles involve:
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- idea champions - new venture teams - skunkworks - new venture fund |
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exploration
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involves designing the organization to encourage creativity and the initiation of new ideas. Does not mean "try new things"
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creativity
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refers to novel ideas that meet perceived needs or offer opportunities. Creative organizations have an internal culture of playfulness, freedom, challenge, and grass-roots participation. Hiring practices and produce a cultural that promotes creativity.
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bottom-up approach
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means encouraging new flow of ideas from lower levels and making sure they get heard and acted upon by top executives. Some companies also use internal innovation contests.
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idea incubator
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provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureacracy or politics. NOT R@D. Sometimes use outsiders to consult.
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horizontal linkage model (internal coordination)
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people from several departments meet frequently in teams and task forces to share ideas and solve problems. Such as cross-functional teams. Synergy creates competitive advantage, saving time by working together. |
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open innovation (external coordination)
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means extending the search for and commercializing new ideas beyond the boundaries of the organization and even beyond the boundaries of the industry.
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crowdsourcing (external coordination)
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means using the internet to tap into ideas globally and let hundreds of thousands of people contribut to the innovation process.
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innovation by acquisition (external coordination)
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means acquiring innovative startup companies. I.E. did not come up with self-driving car, they had to buy the company that could.
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what 4 rules should managers foster when supporting entrepreneurship activities?
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- idea champion - new-venture team - skunkworks - new-venture fund |
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idea champion (innovation roles)
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is a person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization
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new-venture team (innovation roles)
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is a unit seperate from the rest of the organization that is responsible for developing and initiating a major innovation
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skunkworks (innovation roles)
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is a variation of a new-venture team in which a separate small, informal, highly autonomous, and often secretive group focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business.
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new-venture fund
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provides resources from which individuals and groups can draw to develop new ideas, products, or businesses.
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when creating a sense of urgency, communicating a need for change:
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disparity between existing and desired performance levels.
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when applying force - field analysis - what is a change?
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a result of the copetition between driving and restraining forces
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when applying force - field analysis - what is driving forces?
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problems or opportunities that provide motivation for change
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when applying force - field analysis - what is restraining forces?
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barriers to change
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tactics for implementing change
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- top management support: change involves multiple departments or reallocation of resources. Users doubt legitamcy of change. - communication education: change is technical. Users need accurate information and analysis to understand change. - participation: Users need to feel involved. Design requires information from others. Users have power to resist. - Negotiation: Group has power over implantation. Group will lose out in the change. - Coercion: A crisis exists. Initiators clearly have power. Other implementation techniques have failed. |
