Management 3000

Front 1

10 greatest management principles

Back 1

reward:
1. solid solutions
2. risk taking
3. Applied creativity
4. Decisive action
5. Smart work
6. Simplification
7. Quietly effective behavior
8. Quality work
9. Loyalty
10. Working together

Front 2

Define job rotation

Back 2

Changing from one routine to another to avoid boredom

Front 3

Define job enlargement

Back 3

Giving people additional tasks at the same time to alleviate boredom

Front 4

Define job enrichment

Back 4

Changing or redesigning a task to make it inherently more rewarding, motivating and satisfying (higher levels of responsibility)

Front 5

What is empowerment and how does it effect employees?

Back 5

Empowerment is the process of sharing power with employees.

Thereby enhancing their confidence in their ability to perform their job and the belief that they are influential in the company

Front 6

What are the three need theories?

Back 6

1. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
2. Alderfer's ERG theory
3. McClelland's Manager needs

Front 7

What are Alderfer's ERG theory?

Back 7

1. Existence (Maslows 1 and 2 need)
2. Relatedness (Maslows 3 and 4 need)
3. Growth (Maslows 5 need)

Front 8

What are McClelland's Manager needs

Back 8

1. Achievement (accomplishment, success, goal attainment)
2. Power (influence, control of others)
3. Affiliation (to be liked)

Front 9

What are the most successful manager's needs?

Back 9

High achievement, high power, low affiliation

Front 10

Describe what organizations want to motivate people to do. (5)

Back 10

1. Join them
2. Stay with them
3. Show up regularly
4. Do stuff (quantity & quality)
5. Become cheerleaders for organization

Front 11

Describe the organizations role in goal-setting for individuals.

Back 11

They set goals that are
1. Okay with you
2. Reasonable (not too hard, not too easy)
3. Measurable (easy to observe)

Front 12

What is expectancy theory?

Back 12

effort --> perormance --> outcome

A person's effort leads to some level of performance. The performance results in one or more outcomes for the person

Front 13

When believing in the expectancy theory, people develop what two beliefs?

Back 13

Expectancy: links effort to performance, people's perceived likelihood that their efforts will enable them to attain goals.

Instrumentality: links performance to outcomes, perceived likelihood that performance will be followed by a particular outcome.

Front 14

Name the types of reinforcement.

Back 14

1. Positive
2. Negative
3. Punishment
4. Extinction

Front 15

Describe positive reinforcement

Back 15

Same behavior is likely to be repeated.

Applying something good

Front 16

Describe negative reinforcement

Back 16

Same behavior likely to be repeated.

Take something bad away

Front 17

Describe punishment reinforcement

Back 17

Same behavior is less likely to be repeated

Applying something bad

Use sparingly

Front 18

Describe extinction reinforcement

Back 18

Same behavior is less likely to be repeated

Take something good away

NEVER USE!!

Front 19

What is the "mand" reinforcement method?

Back 19

Same person gives stimulus and consequence.

EXAMPLE: Coach and Athlete

Front 20

What is the "tact" reinforcement method.

Back 20

1 person gives stimulus and another person gives the consquence.

EXAMPLE: Trainer rehabs Athlete, but Doctor clears Athlete to play again

Front 21

What it the goal of reinforcement schedules?

Back 21

High performance, low variability

Front 22

What are the 5 reinforcement schedules?

Back 22

1. Continuous- every behavior gets a reinforcer (unrealistic)

2. Fixed Interval-every nth time period gets a reinforcer

3. Variable Interval - on average every nth time period gets a reinforcer

4. Fixed ratio-every nth unity gets a reinforcer

5. Variable Ratio - on average every nth unit gets a reinforcer

Front 23

Which reinforcement schedule is the most desirable?

Which reinforcement schedule is the most used?

Back 23

Variable ratio

Fixed interval, because it's easy on company and manager

Front 24

Describe a fixed interval reinforcement schedule.

Back 24

Every nth time period gets a reinforcer.

Based on time not performance

Predictable, high performance every nth time

Front 25

Describe a variable interval

Back 25

on average, every nth time period gets a reinforcer

Unpredictable=low variability, stay engaged all time

Based on time and individual cannot control time, but can control performance

Front 26

Describe a fixed ratio

Back 26

every nth unit gets a reinforcer

Based on performance and not time

But people can sit around and do nothing in between sales

Front 27

What is bankrolling? And when does it occur?

Back 27

After a sale, you relax

Occurs during a fixed ratio reinforcement schedule

Front 28

Describe a variable ratio

Back 28

On average, every nth unit gets a reinforcement

HIGH PERFORMANCE AND LOW VARIABILITY

Front 29

Describe the equity theory

Back 29

comparing your outcomes (inputs) ratio to others outcomes (inputs) ratio

Front 30

What can you do if there is an inequality where others o/i is greater than yours, according to the equity theory?

Back 30

1. Raise your outcome
2. Decrease your inputs
3. Raise other's inputs
4. Reduce other's outcomes

Front 31

Describe attribution theory

Back 31

Our reasons and explanations for why things happen

Front 32

According to the attribution theory, what is my view of me?

Back 32

Failure is external
Success is internal

VERY VERY KIND

Front 33

According to the attribution theory, what is my view of others?

Back 33

Failure is external
Success is internal

NICE TO OTHERS

Front 34

According to the attribution theory, what is a manager's view of an associate?

Back 34

Associate's success is external
Associtate's failure is internal

Front 35

According to the attribution theory, what is a manager's view of self?

Back 35

Manager's success is internal
Manager's failure is external

Front 36

According to the attribution theory, how does a self-actualized person attribute failure and success?

Back 36

Success is internal
Failure is external

Can delineate between luck and due process (what you rightfully earn)

Front 37

If you have a job concept of combining tasks, what type of job dimension will you have

Back 37

Variety (something different every day)

Front 38

If you have a job concept of natural work units, what type of job dimension are you looking for?

Back 38

Identity

(Sense of pride of self in work)

Front 39

If you have a job concept of client vertical, what type of job dimension are you looking for?

Back 39

Significant

(What you do matters to someone)

Front 40

If you have a job concept of loading, what type of job dimension are you looking for?

Back 40

Autonomy

(Make own decisions!)

Front 41

If you have a job concept of open channels, what job dimension are you looking for?

Back 41

Feedback

(Immediate help!)

Front 42

If you have a job concept of wanting to modify your own job, what job dimension are you looking for?

Back 42

Play

(Creative and fun jobs!)