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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A Zeitgeber is:
-A sound emitted by certain mammals -Found in fossorial mammals -A time giver for animals -Associated with peak activity -Not found in mammals |
A time giver for animals
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A good example of circannual rhythm is:
-Hormone production -Hibernation -Water balance -The sleep-wake cycle -Molting |
Hibernation
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The pinneal gland, which is involved in circadian rhythms secretes which of the following hormones?
Melanin Estrogen LH Melatonin Testosterone |
Melatonin
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Bergmann's Rule is:
-Animals in the north are smaller than the same species in the temperate zones -Animals in the southern part of the range are always bigger than the same species in the northern range -Warm blooded animals tend to be larger in the north than the same species in the warmer part of their range -Cold blooded animals are bigger in the north compared with the same species in the southern part of their range -Larger animals have shorter limbs in the northern part of their range |
Warm-blooded animals tend to be larger in the north than the same species in the warmer part of their range.
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Circadian rhythms:
-Have a free running period not equal to 24 hours -Are never temperature compensated -Have a free running period equal to 24 hours -Only occur in nocturnal mammals -Only occur in diurnal mammals |
Have a free-running period NOT equal to 24 hours
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Brown adipose tissue:
-Is brown due to lack of blood flow through it -Produces a lot of heat because it burns protein -Metabolizes brown lipid molecules -Has a unique uncoupling protein -Stores glycogen for use in warm climates |
Has a unique uncoupling protein
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Which sense is most important to Chiroptera?
-Taste -Vision -Hearing -Touch -Olfaction |
Hearing
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The four ways that mammals can gain and lose heat to the environment are:
-Evaporation, respiration, convection, and perspiration -Conduction, convection, radiation, and respiration -Convection, conduction, radiation, and evaporation -Respiration, radiation, evaporation, and conduction -Perspiration, respiration, conduction, and evaporation |
Convection, Conduction, Radiation, Evaporation
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The thermal neutral zone:
-Decreases as an animal adapts to hotter ambient temperatures -Decreases as an animal adapts to colder ambient temperatures -Never changes in mammals -Only shows a change if body temperature changes -Is dependent on the basal metabolic rate of the animal |
Decreases as an animal adapts to colder ambient temperatures.
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A torpor bout is:
-The period of time when the animal is at high body temperature in winter -When an animal decreases body temperature to near ambient temperature -When an animal gets cold and shivers -When an animal allows body temperature to fall below air temperature -Present only in mammalian rodents |
When an animal decreases body temperature to near ambient in winter
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Which of the following families in Colorado have the longest Loops of Henle?
-Heteromyidae -Muridae -Ursidae -Sciuridae -Dipodidae |
Heteromyidae
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The first rodent-like reptile appeared in the ______ period.
-Jurassic -Triassic -Eocene -Permian -Cretaceous |
Triassic
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A baculum is found in ALL species of this order.
-Rodentia -Carnivora -Insectivora -Primates -Didelphimorphia |
Rodentia
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The estrous cycle in mammals is composed of which of the following four stages?
-Polyestrus, diestrus, hypoestrus, and metestrus -Proestrus, diestrus, metestrus, and anestrus -Monoestrous, diestrus, polyestrous, and anestrus -Hypoestrus, monoestrous, anestrus, and proestrus -Metestrus, proestrus, polyestrus, and diestrus |
Proestrus, Diestrus, Metestrus, Anestrus
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Delayed fertilization is found in which of the following families in Colorado?
-Dasypodidae -Sciuridae -Muridae -Vespertilionidae -Soricidae |
Vespertilionidae
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The menstrual cycle in primates has how many phases?
4 3 1 5 2 |
2
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Gestation is:
-The time just before fertilization -The time between fertilization and birth -The time between birth and weaning -The time between fertilization and weaning -None of the above |
The time between fertilization and birth
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The four basic types of uteri are:
-Duplex, monoplex, bicornuate, complex -Complex, bipartite, simplex, dipartite -Duplex, bipartite, simplex, bicornuate -Complex, bicornuate, simplex, duplex -Dipartite, simplex, duplex, bipartite |
Duplex, Bipartite, Simplex, Bicornuate
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Ovulation in a female mammal is induced by what hormone?
-Melatonin -FSH -Progesterone -Estrogen -LH |
LH
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The extraembryonic membrane which surrounds the fetus for protection is called:
-Allantois -Chorion -Villi -Amnion -Yolk sac |
Amnion
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A general feature of the family Castoridae:
-They feed entirely on grasses -Have a hystricognathus skull type -Have a dental formual of 1/1; 0/0; 1/1; 3/3 -They are poorly insulated -They are usually marine |
They have a hystricognathus skull type
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In this suborder of bats, all members exhibit echolocation.
-Chiroptera -Megachiroptera -Microchiroptera -Pteropodidae -None of the above |
Microchiroptera
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The single identifying feature of a rodent is:
-A large diastema -A dental formula of 22 teeth -A single pair of upper and lower incisors -Enamel on the incisors -No dentine in the incisors |
A single pair of upper and lower incisors
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Which of the following Sciurids is NOT found in Colorado?
Least Chipmunk Marmot Black-tailed Prairie Dog Red Squirrel Belding's Ground Squirrel |
Belding's Ground Squirrel
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What form of primate locomotion is associated with a prehensile tail and reduction or absence of the pollex?
-Knuckle walking -Bipedalism -Vertical clinging and leaping -Semibrachiation -Digitigrade |
Vertical clinging and leaping
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Lagomorph crania are unique because they:
-Possess two sets of upper incisors, one behind the other -Have homodont teeth -Have hugely inflated auditory bullae -Lack teeth entirely, and instead possess baleen -They have cheek teeth |
Possess two sets of upper incisors, one behind the other
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Megachiroptera have the following characteristics:
-No nose or facial ornaments -High reproductive rates -Feed on insects and fish -Hibernate in large groups -Have a complex pinna |
No nose or facial ornaments.
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Which cranial feature is characteristic of the order Carnivora?
-Incomplete zygomatic arch -An anapsid skull -C shaped mandibular fossa -Reduction of the rostrum -None of the above |
C-shaped mandibular fossa
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The bats of Colorado are in which two families?
-Mormoopidae and Noctilionidae -Phyllostomidae and Noctilionidae -Mystacinidae and Natalidae -Vespertilionidae and Molossidae -Molossidae and Noctilionidae |
Vespertilionidae, Molossidae
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A difference between rabbits and hares is:
-Rabbits are usually smaller than hares -Hares have more hair than rabbits -Rabbits have bigger legs than hares -Rabbits have longer ears and hares have shorter ears -Rabbits have altricial young and hares have precocial young |
Rabbits have altricial young and hares have precocial young
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Lagomorphs differ from rodents in that:
-They're always bigger than rodents -They have cheek teeth and incisors that are ever-growing -The male's scrotum is in front of the penis -The penis contains a baculum -Lagomorphs eat more meat than rodents |
The male's scrotum is in front of the penis
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Constant Frequency (CF) signals are used by bats to:
-Lock in on prey items -Find mates -Detect moving versus non-moving objects in the open environment -Locate the ground compared with the horizon -Locate light sources |
Detect moving versus non-moving objects in the open environment
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Bats are found on all continents except:
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Antarctica
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The membrane wing of bats is supported by:
-The carpals -The elongated metacarpals and digits 2-5 -Digits 1-4 -Carpals and digits 2-5 -The metacarpals and digits 1-4 |
The elongated metacarpals and digits 2-5
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A defining feature of the order Carnivora are:
-Carnassial teeth -Unfused carpals -Poorly developed canines -Small brains -One occipital condyle |
Carnassial teeth
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The modern families of carnivores first appeared in the ______ period.
-Eocene -Jurassic -Triassic -Oligocene -Miocene |
Oligocene
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The two suborders of Carnivora can be distinguished based on the:
-Baculum -Auditory bullae -Clavicle -Stomach -Cheekteeth |
Auditory bullae
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Which of the following is a Canidae characteristic?
Retractile claws Long rostrum No nuclear family Dental formula of 38 Generally short limbs and no tail |
Long rostrum
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Which of these Mustelids is the most highly endangered in the U.S.?
Short-tailed weasel Badger Black-footed ferret Wolverine Skunk |
Black-footed ferret
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A major difference between the two suborders in the order Cetacea is that:
-Odontoceti do not have hair -Mysticeti echolocate and Odontoceti do not -Mysticeti have paired external nares and Odontoceti have a single nare -Odontoceti do not have teeth and Mysticeti do -Mysticeti feed on fish and Odontoceti don't |
Mysticeti have paired external nares and Odontoceti have a single nare.
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The morphological adaptations of the order Cetacea:
-Are derived secondarily from terrrestrial mammals -Are similar to adaptations of Perissodactyla -Always were originally from a common ancestor in the Eocene -Were derived on their own |
Are derived secondarily from terrestrial mammals
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The cheetah is unusual for Felidae because:
-It has shorter hind legs -It has fewer carnassial teeth -It has a long rostrum -It has non-retractile claws -It is slow |
It has non-retractile claws
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Adaptations to diving that are found in Cetacea are:
-Fewer capillaries in lungs -Reduced # of RBC's, but more myoglobin in muscle -Low tolerance to lactic acid in muscles -Low tolerance to carbon dioxide -High percentage of RBC's and very high myoglobin in muscle |
High percentage of RBC's and very high myoglobin in muscle
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The melon in the order Cetacea is:
-Good to eat -An oil-filled organ that focuses emitted sounds -Located in the rear of the animal and used to cool the gonads -Not found in the suborder Odontoceti -Made up of cartilage that reflects sound waves |
An oil-filled organ that focuses emitted sounds
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The way that mother and baby whales keep in touch with each other during migrations is through:
-Echolocation -Slapping the water with their flukes and fins -Eye to eye contact -Mother staying ahead of the baby -Baby swimming under the mother |
Slapping the water with their flukes and fins.
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The baleen is composed of ______and used for ____________
-Bone; straining certain size fish -Cartilage; catching krill -Keratin; catching fish -Cartilage; catching squid -Keratin; straining krill |
Keratin; Straining krill
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All Cetacea have:
-Forelimbs that are modified flippers -Echolocation -Functional hind limbs -More than 8 cervical vertebrae -Small sebaceous glands |
Forelimbs that are modified flippers
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The parts of the nephron that are ultimately responsible for the production of a concentrated urine are the:
-Cortex and medulla -Glomerus and Collecting duct -Loop of Henle and glomerus -Loop of Henle and collecting duct -Cortex and proximal convoluted tubule |
Loop of Henle and Collecting Duct
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Which of the following is not a part of the nephron?
-Cortex -Loop of Henle -Distal convoluted tubule -Collecting duct -Glomerus |
Cortex
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The family Muridae contains which of the following Colorado animals?
-Plains pocket gopher -Abert's squirrel -Meadow jumping mouse -Montane vole -Desert cottontail |
Montane vole
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The Colorado animal in the family Ochotonidae:
-Does not hibernate but makes large hay/vegetation piles to survive winter -Sleeps through the winter and utilizes its fat stores -Burrows deep in the ground and makes tunnels to find food in winter -Exists in the meadows and feeds on grasses during winter -Will migrate to warm areas by moving down in elevation |
Does not hibernate but makes large hay/vegetation piles to survive winter
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Within the order Primate, the Haplorhini are distinguished from the Strepsirhini by their:
-Dentition -Posture and forelimbs -Nostrils and post-orbital bone -Nails and metacarpals -None of the above |
Nostrils and post-orbital bone
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Of the 9 orders of mammals in Colorado, how many orders have families that exhibit multi-day torpor (hibernation)?
2 3 4 5 6 |
3
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All Primates have:
-A reduced snout and turbinal bones -Short gestation period for their body size -Cheekteeth that are homodont -Enhanced olfactory lobes -Reduced clavicle |
A reduced snout and turbinal bones
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The most widely accepted hypothesis for the development of traits that characterize primates is:
-The arboreal theory -The fossorial theory -The erectus theory -The plains theory -The large brain theory |
The arboreal theory
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Which of the following characteristics is NOT found in primates?
-Well marked cecum -Opposable extremities -Abdominal testes -Four rounded cusp cheekteeth -Brain with posterior lobe |
Abdominal testes
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The most significant threat to survival of all primates is:
-Predation by leopards -Loss of habitat due to humans -Getting in the way of elephants -Ebola virus -H1N1 virus |
Loss of habitat due to humans
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In rodent classification, the terms sciuromorph, hystricomorph, and myomorph refer to:
-The way incisors are shaped -The way canines are shaped -The origin of the masseter muscles on the skull -The position of the post-orbital bar -The position of the post-orbital socket |
The origin of the masseter muscles on the skull
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Which of the following mammals is NOT considered a member of the Great Apes (family Hominidae)?
-Gorillas -Humans -Common chimps -Orangutans -Gibbons |
Gibbons
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The tragus in bats is important for __________.
-Vision -Touch -Smell -Echolocation -Feeding |
Echolocation
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Name the five hormones that are involved in the menstrual cycle.
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Estrogen
LH FSH Progesterone GnRH |
