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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are cholinomimetics?
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Drugs that mimic ACH; Cholinomimetics fool the receptor, but not ACHesterases
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What are cholinomimetics used to treat?
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Glaucoma, urinary retention, xenostomia, and tobacco use
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Pilocarpine (ISOPTO-CARPINE)
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N and M stimulator
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DUVOID
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M stimulator; used to treat urinary retention issues.
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Nicotine (NICORETTE, NICODERM)
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N stimulator. At low doses, it stimulates N-1 receptors. At higher doses, it inhibits N-1 receptors.
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What are N-2 blockers used for?
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Intubation and muscle relaxation
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DTC (TUBADIL) (CURARE)
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N-2 Blocker
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Succinylcholine (ANECTINE)
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N-2 blocker. Allows one action potential, then blocks it.
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What are N-1 blockers used for?
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Hypertensive crisis
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Trimethaphan (ARFONAD)
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N-1 blocker
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Nicotine
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Once used as anti-hypertensives because they block N-1, but there were too many side effects
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What are Muscarinic blockers used for?
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Pre-op, eye exam, bladder instability, decrease gut motility, motion sickness, and bronchiospasm.
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Atropine (Bella Donna)
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M- blocker that causes the eyes to dilate. Takes too long to wear off and is no longer used.
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(BENTYL)
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M blocker. Used in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Decreases GI motility.
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(DETROL)
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M blocker. Used to treat bladder instability.
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(MYDRIACYL)
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M blocker. Used in eye exams.
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(ATROVENT)
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M blocker. Used to treat asthma. It is not a receptor blocker. It is an antichlolinesterase. ACH can still blind but the message is interfered with.
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What are anticholinesterases used for?
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Prolongs the life of ACH. Myasthenia gravis, post-op urinary retention, glaucoma, insecticide, war gases.
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Physostigmine (ESERINE)
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Anticholinesterase
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(MESTINON)
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Anticholinesterase
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Organophosphates (parathion, diazinon, malathion)
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A persistent anticholinesterase
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SARTIN
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An anticholinesterase that is a war gas.
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(Demser)
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Blocks the synthesis of
neurotransmitter (epinephrine or norepinephrine) by blocking the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. Decreases sympathetic effect- once used to treat hypertension. |
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Methyldopa (ALDOMET)
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False transmitter for andronergic sites.
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(ISMELIN)
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Blocks the release of norepinephrine- used to treat hypertension
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What are amphetamines used for?
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Used during surgical procedures for hypotension. Amphetamines are used in weight control drugs (addictive) and cause
you to get “really pumped up.” Used to treat narcolepsy. Some effects are centrally mediated. |
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Reserpine (SERPASIL)
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Reserpine inhibits the transport back into the vesicles that hold
norepinephrine. Thus, MAO can destroy the NorEpi. |
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What are Alpha-1 Agonists used for?
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Shock, hypotension, nasal decongestants, local anesthetic adjunct (controls spread of drug via vasoconstriction)
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What are Alpha-2 Agonists used for?
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Hypertension
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Epinephrine (ADRENALINE)
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Alpha 1 &2; Beta 1 & 2
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Norepinephrine (LEVOPHED)
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Alpha 1 & 2; Beta 1 & 2
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Phenylephrine (NEOSYNEPHRINE)
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Alpha 1- a nasal decongestant
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Clonodine (CATAPRESS)
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Alpha 2- treat hypertension
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EPITEN
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Alpha 1- cardiac shock, allergic reactions
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