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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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exocrine
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produce sperm into ducts
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endocrine
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produce andogens into blood
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tunica vaginalis
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sac derived from peritoneum during descent
covers testicles |
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tunica albuginea
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tough, fibrous covering of testicle.
septa (inward expansions) that section testes into 200-300 lobules |
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gubernaculum
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fibromuscular cord that guides testes and anchors them in scrotum
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cryptochordism
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failure of testes to descend, sterility due to high body temp
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seminiferous tubules
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located in lubules of testicles highly coiled.
location of spermatogenesis |
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spermatogenisis
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meotic process triggered by FSH (folicle stimulating hormone) and LH-lutenizing hormone
takes about 72 days developing |
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sertoli cells
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located in the seminiferous tubules.
produce nutrients for developing sperm joined with tight junctions to form "blood-testes barrier" |
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interstitial endocrinocytes (cells)
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between seminiferous tubules
secrete testosterone |
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parts of the sperm
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-head w/
nucleus w/ genetic material acrosome- specialized lysosome w/ hyaluronidase and proteases -midpiece w/ numerous mitochondria which provide energy for locomotion -tail- typical flagellum that propels the sperm |
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path of sperm
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seminiferous tubules-> straight tubules-> rete testes-> efferent ducts-> ductus epidiymis (head to tail)-> vas deferens-> ampulla-> ejaculatory duct-> urethra
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epedidymis
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along psterior border of testes
site of sperm storage and maturation location of stereocilia |
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function of stereocilia
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(located in epididymis)
increases surface area available for absorption and secretion into tubular fluid |
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ductus deferens
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about 18 inches
muscular (internal and external longitudinal and middle circular) propels sperm toward ejacualtory duct w/ peristaltic contractions w/ ampulla |
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vasectomy
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severing of 2 vasa deferentio
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vasovasostomy
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reconstruction of vasa deferentia after vasectomy
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makeup of spermatic cord
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-vas deferens
-1 testicular artery -ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves -2 testicular veins (form the pampiniform plexus) -lymphatics -cremaster muscle |
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cremaster muscle
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band of skeletal muscle (continuation of internal abdominal oblique) that elevates testes
sexual stimulation fear stroking inner thigh on command |
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hernia
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loop of intestine moving down through canal into scrotum
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location of inguinal canals
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(spermatic cords pass through inguinal canals)
deep-located in aponeurosis of transverse abdominis superficial-in aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique |
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ejaculatory duct
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-tip of ampulla fuses with seminal vesicle duct to form
-dumps into prostatic urethra -2 ducts |
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urethra
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8 inches long (in males)
carries urine or semen |
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parts of the male urethra
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1. prostatic 1"
2. membranous 1/2" 3. penile/spongy 6" 4. navicular fossa 5. external urethral orifice |
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seminal vesicles
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at base of urinary bladder, in front of rectum
secrete sticky, yellowish, alkaline fluid empty via ducts into ejaculatory duct |
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make-up of alkaline fluid secreted by seminal vesicles
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makes up 60% of semen
rich in vitamin C and fructose transport medium and energy source prostaglandins therin cause reverse peristaltic contractions of ureters pigments are of mediolegal significance- flourescent in UV light |
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prostate gland
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largest gland
surrounds upper portion of urethra secretes slightly acidic fluid begins to hypertrophy in middle-aged men-may develop a malignant tumor |
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TURP
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trans urethral resection of prostate
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cowpers (bulbourethral) glands
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size of peas
secrete alkaline fluid to -neutralize acidic urethra -lubricate urethra (pre ejaculatory) makes up 5% of seminal fluid |
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urethral glands
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minute
numerous lubricate the tube |
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scrotum
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pouch of loose skin
support for testes with perineal raphe (medial ridge) internally divided into 2 sacs walls contain dartos muscle |
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dartos muscle found in scrotum
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involuntary snooth muscle
contracts with cold, relaxed with heat alows scrotum temp to be 3 degrees lower than body temp |
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heat exchange for testicles
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hot blood in arteries comes into testicles, and cool blood in veins away from testes.
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size of penis
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flaccid-3.3-4.1" av.-3.7"
erect- 4.7-9.3" av.- 6.3 av curcumfrence-5.2" |
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glans penis
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distal end
rich in nerve endings homologous to glans clitoris connected by ventral frenelum to shaft |
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prepuce of penis
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covers glans penis
removed during circumcision -preputial glands, small inner glands, secrete smegma and oily substance |
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phases of male orgasm
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excitement
plateau orgasmic resolution |
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orgasmic phase of male orgasm
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1st stage-ducts and glands contract
sperm delivered from epididymides fluid from seminal vesicles and prostate pools in prostatic urethra 2nd stage bulbospongiosus muscle wraps base of penis used to squeeze last drops ischiocavernosus muscles stiffen organ internal urethral sphincter contracts |
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retrograde ejaculation
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semen enters urinary bladder during orgasm
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