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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Function of the Seminal Vesicle?
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- Release Seminal fluid
- Contributes to 60% of semen volume - Empties into ejaculatory duct - Produces fluid that is thick and clear |
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What is Seminal fluid made of?
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Mucus, amino acids, fructose, protein, and prostaglandis
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function of proteins?
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Cause semen to coagulate inside female
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Function of prostaglandis?
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cause contraction of the uterus, which may be necessary to propel sperm towards the egg
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Function of the prostate gland?
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- Releases prostatic fluid
- Empties into the urethras |
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What is prostatic fluid?
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Thin, milky, and alkaline fluid that neutralizes any residual urine in the urethra, and the acidity of the vagina
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Function of the Cowper's gland (bulbourethral gland)
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- Secretes mucous rich fluids
- protects sperm cells from acids in urethra - assists with sperm movement - bulbourethral fluid is released before ejaculation |
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Reasons why so many sperm are required for 1 egg?
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- 20% of sperm are defective
- half the sperm go the wrong way - Some sperm die from the acidity of the vagina - Some sperm try to fertilize body cells |
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Steps of spermatogenesis?
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1. Spermatogonium go through mitosis to produce primary spermatocytes
2. Primary spermatocytes go through meiosis I to make secondary spermatocytes 3. Seconday spermatocytes go through meitosis II to make spermatids which then turn into sperm cells |
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Sperm cells are produced in the _______ and mature in the________
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Testes, Epididymis
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Each testis is filled with _________ lined with sperm producing cells called_________
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Seminiferous tubules, spermatogonia
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Process of spermatogenesis through cells produced?
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- Spermatogonium 46 chromosomes (diploid)
- spermatocytes 23 chromosomes(haploid)--> secondary - Spermatids (haploid) 23 chrom Sperm (haploid) 23 chrom |
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The head of a sperm contains a __________ and a small amount of ________
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nucleus, cytoplasm
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Sperm are surrounded by _________ which help provide nutrition
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sertoli
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The head of the sperm cell is surrounded by the _______
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acrosome
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What is the function of the acrosome?
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it contains enzymes to break down the outer coating of an egg and allows the sperm to penetrate
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Where are mitochondria located in the sperm?
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right behind the head in the midpiece.
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The function of mitochondria is to
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provide ATP for movement of the tail of the sperm
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What two organelles help the sperm in propulsion?
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microtubules and mitochondria
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This hormone causes the release of FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) and LH (leutenizing hormone)
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GnRH (Gonadotropic releasing hormone)
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What is the function of FSH (follicle releasing hormone)
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- Acts on the seminiferous tubules and stimulates the production of sperm cells
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What is the funtion of LH (leutenizing hormone)
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Acts on the interstitial cells and stimulates the production of testosterone
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What role does testosterone play?
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It acts on the seminiferous tubules to increase sperm production
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High levels of ________ are detected by the ___________ and _____ production is decreased (negative feedback)
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Testosterone, hypothalamus, GnRH
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Function of the sertoli cells?
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- Release inhibin, which decreases the production of FSH
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Function of interstitial cells?
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Produce testosterone
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Function of Sertoli cells and seminiferous tubules
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Sperm production in seminiferous tubules
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