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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Acute Wound |
Wound induced by surgery or trauma in an otherwise healthy individual Normal Healing |
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Describe the Inflam phase |
Begins at time of injury Prepares for wound for healing Hemostasis and cellular phase Fevers, Leukocytosis, Malaise |
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Proliferation Phase |
Begins 2-3 days of injury, lasting up to 2-3 weeks Fibroblasts build new tissue Granulation - scar tissue Collagen Synthesis |
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**Remodeling and Maturation |
Final Stage of healing 3 weeks after injury and may last for as long as 6 months and up to two years |
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Define Chronic wound |
Wound whose progression through the phases of wound healing is prolonged or arrested due to underlying conditions |
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What factors affect wound healing |
–DevelopmentalStage –Stateof Health –Woundcharacteristics -Localfactors –Systemicfactors –Inappropriatewound management |
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Characteristics that affect wound healing |
Mechanism of onset Time since onset Wound location Dimensions Temperature (37deg) Hyrdation Necrotic tissue - foreign bodies Infection |
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Mechanism of onset vs Time Since onset |
MO: Surgical wounds, trauma TO: Prediction healing time in acute wounds |
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Incision |
Cutting or sharp instrument, edges in close approx and aligned |
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Contusion |
Blunt instrument, disrupting skin surface, brusing |
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Abrasion |
Rubbing or scraping epidermal layers |
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Laceration |
Tearing of skin and tissue w/blunt or irregular instrument |
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Puncture |
Pointed instrument puncturing the skin |
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Penetrating |
Foreign body entering skin at high velocity |
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Avulsion |
Tearing a structure from normal anatomic position, possible damage to blood vessels, nerves, and other structures |
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Microbial |
Secretion of exotoxins or endotoxins |
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Chemical |
Toxic agent and substances released from cellular necrosis |
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Thermal |
High or low temperature, cellular necrosis as possible result |
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Irradiation |
UV light or radiation |
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Wound location characteristics |
Vascularity of area Wounds over bony prominences - less vascular Presence of epidermal appendages Skin Thickness |
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Wound Dimension Characteristics |
Shape, size, depth |
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Effects of Necrotic tissue or FB |
NT: promotes infection FB: prolong inflammation |
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Wound Complications |
Infection Hemorrhage Dehiscence Evisceration Fistula formation |
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Define Dehiscence |
Partial or total disruption of wound layers |
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Define Evisceration |
Protrusion of viscera through the incisional area |
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Define fistual formation |
Abnormal passage from an internal organ to the skin or from one internal organ to another |
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Define Infection |
Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissue >10^5 microbes per g/tissue |
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Define Colonization |
Presence of microbes Normal skin microflora, up to 10^3 per g/tissue |
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Key differences in chronic wound healing |
Senescent cells Inc # of inflammatory mediators Red # of tissue inhibitors of MMPs Red or arrested epitheliazation Greater Bioburden |
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Dangers of impaired sensation |
Warns of t issue damage Prevents continued trauma going unnoticed |
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Wound Healing nutrition |
Carbs are prefered fuel, but also need proteins and vitamines - albumen and prealbumin |
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Developmental stage as a factor of wound healing |
Infant skin and membranes are easily injured Child skin - resistant Adolescence - Inc sebaceous glands Older adults - dry |
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Medications that inhibit wound heaing |
Steroids NSAIDS - tensile strength Cox-2 - Abnormal bone healing |
