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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Prostatitis
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dysuria, frequency, urgency, low back pain
Acute: bacterial (STD if younger) Chronic: bacterial or abacterial (UTI) |
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BPH
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age related increase in estradiol with possible sensitization of prostate to growth promoting effects of DHT
nodular enlargement of periurethral lobes |
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BPH sxs
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incr freq of urination, nocturia, difficulty starting and stopping urine, dysuria
may lead to distention and hypertrophy of the bladder, hydroneprhosis, UTI |
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BPH tx
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finasteride or a-1 blockers
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prostatic adenocarc
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arises from posterior lobe; dx by DRE and bx; PSA incr (total) decrease in fraction of free PSA
osteoblastic mets in bone (incr alk phos and PSA) slow growing |
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cryptorchidism
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undesc testis (one or both)
lack of spermatogenesis due to incr body temp assoc with incr risk of GCT |
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seminoma
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malignant; painless testicular enlargement; most common testicular tumor, mostly affecting males 15-35
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embryonal carc
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malignant; painful
worse prognosis than seminoma assoc with incr hCG |
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yolk sac (endodermal sinus) tumor
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analagous to ovarian yolk sac tumor (incr AFP)
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choriocarc
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malignant
incr hCG |
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teratoma
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unlike in females, mature teratoma is most often malignant
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Leydig cell tumor
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benign, contains Reinke crystals, usually androgen producing, gynecomastic in men, precocious puberty in boys
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Sertoli cell tumor
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benign, androblastoma from sex cord stroma
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testicular lymphoma
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most common testicular cancer in older men
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bowen disease of penis
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solitary crust plaque usually on shaft of penis or on scrotum; 50 y/os, rarely becomes invasie SqCC
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erythroplasia of Queyrat
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red velvety plaques, usually involving the glans; otherwise similar to Bowen's disease
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Bowenoid papulosis
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multiple papular lesions, affects younger age group; usually does not become invasive
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SqCC
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rare in circumcised men; uncommon in US and Europe; more common in Asia, Africa, So America
assoc with HPV 16 and 18 |
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ballanitis
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candida infection of foreskin and glans
tx: topical antifungals (Nystatin) |
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finasteride
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5a-reductase inhibitor (decreases conversion of testo to DHT)
useful in BPH, male pattern baldness causes gynecomastia, edema |
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flutamide
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nonsteroidal comp inhib of androgens at testo receptor
used in prostatic carc |
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ketoconazole, spironolactone
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inhibit steroid synthesis; used in tx of PCOS to prevent hirsutism
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Leuprolide
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GnRH analog with agonist properties when used in pulsatile fashion; antag if continuous
use: infertility, prostate cancer (with flutamide), uterine fibroids tox: antiandrogen, n/v |
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sildenafil, vardenafil
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inhibit cAMP PDE causing incr in cAMP; smooth muscle relaxation in corpus cavernosum, incr blood flow and penile erection
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sildenafil tox
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HA, flushing, dyspepsia, blue-green color vision
hypotension if taken with nitrates |
