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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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all bones in the skull are connected except for what bone?
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mandible
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what are sutures
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jagged joints that interlock
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what are sutures made up of?
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strips of fibrous tissue
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what do sutures allow for in young animals
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skull growth
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what is a joint?
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the attachment of two bones
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what is a joint made up of?
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Connective Tissue or Cartilidge
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What are the two major parts of the skull?
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Cranial
Frontal |
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What are the functions of the skull?
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to protect the brain,
forms passage for respiratory and digestive systems |
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what are the two parts of the cranium?
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External and Internal
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what bones make up the external part of the cranium?
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-occipital
-temporal -frontal -parietal interparietal |
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what bones make up the internal part of the cranium
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sphenoid
ethmoid |
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Where is the occipital bone located?
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it is the most caudal,
base of the skull |
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there is a hole in the occipital bone that that contains_______ which attaches it to the spinal cord
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foramen magnum
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what is the atlas?
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the 1st cervical vertebrae
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what joint does the atlas and occipital bone form?
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atlantoocipital
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What is a condyle?
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a rounded prominanace of bone used for articulation with another bone
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where are the interparietal bones located
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2 small bones between occipital and parietal bones
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where are the parietal bones located?
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dorsolateral walls of cranium
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where is the temporal bones located?
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ventral to parietal bones
lateral walls of cranium |
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what structures are found in the temporal bones?
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ear structures
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what does the temporal bone come in contact with
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mandible
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what joint does the mandible and temporal bone form?
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temparomandibular joint (TMJ)
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What are the two joints of the TMJ
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the lower joint
upper joint |
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What is the lower joint of the TMJ for?
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rotational movement
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what is the upper joint of the TMJ for?
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translational movement (grinding)
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where is the frontal bone located?
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at the rostal/forehead of cranium
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what is the role of the frontal bone during slaughter?
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has a role in rendering of the captive bolt stunning
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what is the large air cavity called where the horn on cattle called?
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paranasal sinus
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what are the two internal bones of the skull?
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sphenoid
ethmoid |
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which bone is ventral? which bone is rostal?
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ventral; sphenoid
rostal: ethmoid |
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what are functions of the sphenoid?
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supports brain
houses pituitary |
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what are the functions of the ethmoid bone?
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site where branches of olfactory nerve passes through
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where are the premaxillary bones located?
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most rostal (close to mouth)
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what do the premaxillary bones house?
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upper incisors, nasal bones
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where are the maxillary bones?
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the upper part of the jaw
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what do the maxillary bones house?
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canines/cheek teeth
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what is the seperation of the mouth and nasal cavity called?
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hard palate
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the maxillary bone and palatine form what?
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the hard palate
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what is the lacrimal
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medial portion of the orbit
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what is the zygomatic bone?
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lateral wall of orbit
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how is the zygomatic arch formed?
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joint of temporal and zygomatic bone
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where is the massester muscle found?
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on the zygomatic arch
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what is the mandible?
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the lower jaw
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what joint does the mandible and temporal bone form?
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tempooromandibular joint
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what are the two regions of the mandible
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shaft: horizontal portion; houses teeth
ramus: caudal end, attachment of jaw muscle |
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where is the ramus located?
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medail to zygomatic arch
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what does the ramus allow for?
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muscle leverage
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what is the function of the coronoid process?
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where major muscles for chewing are attached
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what is the mandibular condyle?
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joint btw skull and lower jaw
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palatine:
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caudal portion of hard palate
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turbinates allows for?
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fills most of nasal cavity
warms and humidifies air traps small particles has role in smelling |
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what are the two divisions of the skull?
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Axal
Appendicular |
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What makes up the axal division?
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head and truck, bones attached to midline
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what is the appendicular division
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bones of the limbs
thoracic and pelvic limbs |
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what is a facet?
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a flat surace
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what are processes
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lumps,bumps, projections
sites of attachments for tendons |
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what is a fossa?
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depression that is occupied by a tendon/muscle
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what is a foramen
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a hole in the skull
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