Mader 01 Vocabulary

Front 1

Organism's modification in structure, function, or behavior suitable to the environment

Back 1

adaptation

Front 2

Multicellular, heterotrophic organism belonging to the kingdom Animalia

Back 2

animal

Front 3

Scientific name of an organism, the first part of which designates the genus and the second part of which designates the specific epithet

Back 3

binomial nomenclature

Front 4

Total number of species, the variability of their genes, and the communities in which they live.

Back 4

biodiversity

Front 5

Scientific study of life

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biology

Front 6

Zone of air, land, and water at the surface of the Earth in which living organisms are found

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biosphere

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Smallest unit that displays the properties of life; composed of cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane

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cell

Front 8

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; class is the taxon above the ordere level

Back 8

class

Front 9

Assemblage of populations interacting with one another within the same environment

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community

Front 10

Statement made following an experiment as to whether or not the results support the hypothesis

Back 10

conclusion

Front 11

Sample that goes through all the steps of an experiment but does not contain the variable being tested; a standard against which the results of an expereiment are checked

Back 11

control

Front 12

Facts or information collected through observation and / or experimentation

Back 12

data

Front 13

Process of logic and reasoning, using "if…then" statements

Back 13

deductive reasoning

Front 14

Largest of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the three domains are Archaeia, Bacteria, and Eukarya

Back 14

domain

Front 15

One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that often live in extreme habitats and have unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics; its members are sometimes referred to as archaea

Back 15

domain Archaea

Front 16

One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that differ from archaea because they have their own unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics

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domain Bacteria

Front 17

One of the three domains of life, consisting of organisms with eukaryotic cells and further classified into the kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

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domain Eukarya

Front 18

Biological community together with the associated abiotic environment; characterized by a flow of energy and a cycling of inorganic nutrients

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ecosystem

Front 19

Quality that appears as biological complexity increases

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emergent property

Front 20

Capacity to do work and bring about change; occurs in a variety of forms

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energy

Front 21

Descent of organisms from common ancestors with the development of genetic and phenotypic changes over time that make them more suited to the environment

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evolution

Front 22

Artificial situation devised to test a hypothesis

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experiment

Front 23

Methodology by which an experiment will seek to support the hypothesis

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experimental design

Front 24

Factor of the experiment being tested

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experimental variable

Front 25

Total disappearance of a species or higher group

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extinction

Front 26

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the taxon above the genus level

Back 26

family

Front 27

Saprotrophic decomposer; the body is made up of filaments called hyphae that form a mass called a mycelium

Back 27

fungus

Front 28

Unit of heredity existing as alleles on the chromosomes; in diploid organisms, typically two alleles are inherited - one from each parent

Back 28

gene

Front 29

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; contains those species that are most closely related through evolution

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genus

Front 30

Maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism by means of self-regulating mechanism

Back 30

homeostasis

Front 31

Supposition established by reasoning after consideration of available evidence; it can be tested by obtaining more data, often by experimentation

Back 31

hypothesis

Front 32

Using specific observations and the process of logic and reasoning to arrive at a hypothesis

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inductive reasoning

Front 33

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the taxon above the phylum

Back 33

kindgom

Front 34

See principle; Theory that is generally accepted by an overwhelming number of scientists;

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law

Front 35

All of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell during growth and repair

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metabolism

Front 36

Simulation of a process that aids conceptual understanding until the process can be studied firsthand; a hypothesis that describes how a particular process could possibly be carried out

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model

Front 37

Organism composed of many cells; usually has organized tissues, organs, and organ systems

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multicellular

Front 38

Mechanism of evolution caused by environmental selection of organisms most fit to reproduce; results in adaptation to the environment

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natural selection

Front 39

Step in the scientific method by which data are collected before a conslusion is drawn

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observation

Front 40

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the taxon above the family level

Back 40

order

Front 41

Individual living thing

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organism

Front 42

Observable event

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phenomenon

Front 43

Process occurring usually within chloroplasts whereby chlorophyll-containing organelles trap solar energy to reduce carbon dioxide to carbohydrate

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photosynthesis

Front 44

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the taxon above the class level

Back 44

phylum

Front 45

Multicellular, usually photosynthetic, organism belonging to the plant kingdom

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plant

Front 46

Group of organisms of the same species occupying a certain area and sharing a common gene pool

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population

Front 47

Step of the scientific process that follows the formulation of a hypothesis and assists in creating the experimental design

Back 47

prediction

Front 48

See law; Theory that is generally accepted by an overwhelming number of scientists;

Back 48

principle

Front 49

Member of the kingdom Protista

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protist

Front 50

To produce a new individual of the same kind

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reproduce

Front 51

Result or change that occurs when an experimental variable is utilized in an experiment

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responding variable

Front 52

Process by which scientists formulate a hypothesis, gather data by observation and experimentation, and come to a conclusion

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scientific process

Front 53

Concept supported by a broad range of observations, experiments, and data

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scientific theory

Front 54

Group of similarly constructed organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring; organisms that share a common gene pool; the taxon at the lowest level of classification

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species

Front 55

Branch of biology concerned with identifying, describing, and naming organisms

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taxonomy

Front 56

Made up of but a single cell, as in the bacteria

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unicellular