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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carbohydrate
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Organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen ie starches, sugars and cellulose
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Acid
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A substance that releases hydrogen ions when in solution
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Acid-base balance
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Situation in which the pH of the blood is maintained between 7.35 and 7.45
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Acidosis
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State of abnormally high hydrogen ion concentration in the extracellular fluid
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Active transport
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Membrane transport processes for which ATP is provided eg solute pumping and endocytosis
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Adipose tissue
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Areolar connective tissue modified to store nutrients chiefly made up of fat cells
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Aerobic
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Oxygen requiring
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Albumin
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The most abundant plasma protein
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Alkalosis
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State of abnormally low hydrogen ion concentration in the extracellular fluid
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Amino Acid
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Organic compound containing nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen - the building block of protein
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Anaerobic
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Not requiring oxygen
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Anion
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An ion carrying one or more negative charges and is attracted to a positive pole
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Antagonist
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Muscle that reverses or opposes the action of another muscle
A hormone that opposes the action of another hormone |
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Ataxia
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Disruption of muscle coordination resulting in inaccurate movements
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ATP (Adenosine triphosphate)
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Organic molecule that stores and releases chemical energy for use in the body's cells
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Autoimmunity
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Production of antibodies or effector T cells that attack a persons own tissue
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Autolysis
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Process of autodigestion of cells, especially dead or degenerate cells
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Base
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A substance capable of binding with hydrogen ions
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Bile
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Greenish yellow fluid produced and secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
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Bilirubin
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Yellow pigment of bile
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Bone marrow
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Fat or blood forming tissue found within the cavities of bone
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Buffer
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Chemical substance or system that minimises changes in pH by releasing or binding hydrogen ions
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Carbohydrate
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Organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, includes starches, sugars and cellulose
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Catalyst
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Substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself becoming chemically changed or part of the product
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Cation
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An ion with a positive charge
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Cellular respiration
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Metabolic processes in which ATP is produced
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Cellulose
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A fibrous carbohydrate that is the main structural component of plant tissues
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Chemoreceptor
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Receptor sensitive to various chemicals in a solution
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Cholesterol
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Steroid found in animal fats as well as most body tissues made by the liver
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Coenzyme
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Non protein substance associated with and activating an enzyme, typically a vitamin
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Creatinine
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A nitrogenous waste molecule not reabsorbed by the kidneys
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Cytosol
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Viscous semitransparent fluid substance of cytoplasm in which other elements are suspended
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Cytoplasm
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The cellular material surrounding the nucleus and enclosed by the plasma membrane
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Dehydration
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Condition of excessive water loss
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Diffusion
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The spreading of particles in a gas or solute with a movement toward uniform distribution of particles
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Digestion
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Chemical or mechanical process of breaking down food stuffs to substances that can be absorbed
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Edema
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Abnormal increase int he amount of interstitial fluid causing swelling
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Electrolyte
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Chemical substances, such as salts, acids, and bases that ionize and dissociate in water and are capable of conducting an electrical current
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Electrolyte balance
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Balance between input and output of salts (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium) in the body
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