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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is stored energy called?
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Potential energy
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What kind of energy is in an automobile battery?
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Potential energy
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What is energy due to an object's position relative to the ground called?
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Gravitational potential energy
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The kinetic energy of an object depends on its:
a. mass and speed b. mass and height c. height and speed d. mass and potential energy |
Mass and speed
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The law of conservation of energy states that energy can:
a. be used up b. change c. be created d. be destroyed |
Change
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What kind of energy does a diver standing on the end of a platform have?
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Gravitational potential
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What are kinetic energy and potential energy measured in?
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Joules
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A working pendulum:
a. has kinetic energy b. has gravitational potential energy c. converts potential energy into kinetic energy d. has potential energy |
Converts potential energy into kinetic energy
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The water at the top of the Hoover Dam:
a. has kinetic energy b. has gravitational potential energy c. converts potential energy into kinetic energy d. has potential energy |
Has potential energy
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A bullet passing through an apple:
a. has kinetic energy b. has gravitational potential energy c. converts potential energy into kinetic energy d. has potential energy |
Has kinetic energy
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A diver standing on the platform:
a. has kinetic energy b. has gravitational potential energy c. converts potential energy into kinetic energy d. has potential energy |
Has gravitational potential energy
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A roller coaster in motion:
a. has kinetic energy b. has gravitational potential energy c. converts potential energy into kinetic energy d. has potential energy |
Converts potential energy into kinetic energy
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A girl on a swing (moving):
a. has kinetic energy b. has gravitational potential energy c. converts potential energy into kinetic energy d. has potential energy |
Has kinetic energy
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A skier on the top of the hill:
a. has kinetic energy b. has gravitational potential energy c. converts potential energy into kinetic energy d. has potential energy |
Has potential energy
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An instrument that makes work easier
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Machine
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What are the 2 types of work involved in using a machine?
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Work input and work output
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What is the force that is applied to the machine - effort force?
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Work input
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What is the work done by the machine?
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Work output
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What is the force which opposes the effort force?
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Resistance force
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What kind of force is the weight of an object being moved?
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Resistance force
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What is the measurement of how much input is available for work output?
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Efficiency
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Is work output more or less than work input?
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Less
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Why is work output always less than input?
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Some degree of work is always wasted
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An ideal frictionless machine would have how much efficiency?
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100%
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Can efficiency be greater than 100%
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No
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Name 3 ways machines help do work
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Increase the force applied to an object
Change the direction of a force Increase the distance through which a force moves |
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What is the formula for efficiency?
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E = useful work output x 100%
-------------------- work input |
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How is the answer for efficiency expressed?
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% = as a percentage
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What is the number of times a machine multiplies the effort force?
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Mechanical advantage
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What is the formula for mechanical advantage?
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resistance force/effort force
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Name the 6 types of simple machines
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inclined plane
wedge screw lever pulley wheel and axle |
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What kind of machine does work in one movement?
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Simple machine
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How many kinds of simple machines are there?
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6
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What machine has a straight slanted surface that connects one level to another?
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Inclined plane
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What machine is made up of 1 or 2 slanted forces or inclined planes?
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Wedge
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What machine is made up of an inclined plane wrapped around a bar or cylinder, to form a spiral?
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Screw
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A lid on a jar or a nut and bolt are examples of what kind of simple machine?
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Screw
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What machine is a rod or bar that pivots around a fulcrum?
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Lever
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What is the point at which a lever turns or pivots?
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Fulcrum
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What is the force exerted on a lever?
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Effort force
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What is the force exerted against the lever?
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Resistance force
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A screwdriver used to open a paint can is an example of which kind of lever?
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1st class
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A nutcracker and wheelbarrow is an example of what kind of lever?
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2nd class
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A baseball pitcher or using a fishing pole is an example of what kind of lever?
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3rd class
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Resistance and effort are on opposite sides of the fulcrum is what kind of lever?
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1st class
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The fulcrum is at the end of the lever is what kind of lever?
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2nd class
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The fulcrum is at one end with the effort in the middle is what kind of lever?
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3rd class
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What is a rope, cord, or chain wrapped around a grooved wheel called?
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Pulley
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What kind of machine would be used to lift a large amount of weight?
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Pulley
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What kind of machine is made of an axle, which is a rod or shaft, and an attached wheel?
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Wheel and axle
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A door knob, bicycle, and Ferris wheel are examples of what?
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Wheel and axle
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What is a combination of 2 or more simple machines?
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Compound machine
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A washing machine, VCR, vacuum are examples of what kind of machine?
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Compound machine
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What is the ability to do work called?
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Energy
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When an object or organism does work, what are they using?
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Energy
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When work is done on an object, what is given to the object?
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Energy
When you kick a football, you give the ball some energy to mvoe |
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What are the 5 forms of energy?
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Mechanical
Heat Chemical Electromagnetic Nuclear |
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What kind of energy is associated with motion?
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Mechanical
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What kind of energy is caused by the internal motion of atoms?
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Heat
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What kind of energy is required to bond atoms together?
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Chemical
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What kind of energy lets moving electric charges have the ability to do work?
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Electromagnetic
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What kind of energy comes from the nucleus of an atom?
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Nuclear
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What kind of energy is blood flowing through blood vessels, wind, walking, hitting
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Mechanical
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What kind of energy causes changes in temperature?
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Heat
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What kind of energy is produced as particles move faster?
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Heat
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What kind of energy is released when bonds are broken?
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Chemical
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Light, xrays, radio waves, laser lights are examples of what kind of energy?
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Electromagnetic
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When the nucleus splits, nuclear energy is released in the form of what?
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Heat energy and light energy
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What do you call the energy of motion?
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Kinetic energy
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What does "kinetic" mean?
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Motion
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Kinetic energy depends on what?
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An objects speed and mass
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If the speed of an object doubles, what happens to kinetic energy?
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It becomes 4 times greater
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What is the equation for Kinetic energy?
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KE = mass x velocity2 / 2
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What is energy in an inactive or stored form called?
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Potential energy
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A stretched rubber band is an example of what kind of energy?
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Potential energy
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What do you call potential energy due to an object's position relative to the ground?
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Gravitational Potential Energy
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Gravitational potential energy depends on:
a. height and weight b. height only c. weight only d. mass and velocity |
Height and weight
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What is the equation for Gravtitional potential energy
(GPE)? |
GPE = weight x height
GPE = W x H |
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Changes in the forms of energy are called what?
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Energy conversions
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What is the most common change in forms of energy?
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Changing potential energy to kinetic energy or kinetic energy to potential energy
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What happens to the total amount of energy when energy changes forms?
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It stays the same
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A toaster changes electrical energy to what kind?
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Heat
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A blender changes electrical energy to what kind?
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Kinetic
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What do you call:
Energy can be transformed from form to another, but energy will never be created or destroyed when the energy transformation takes place |
The Law of Conservation of Energy
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What kind of energy causes ice cream to melt?
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Heat energy
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When you start a fire in a charcoal grill, what kind of energy is used?
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Chemical energy
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The sun's energy used by green plants is an example of what kind of energy conversion?
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Light energy converted to chemical energy
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What would be an example of kinetic energy continuously being changed back to potential energy?
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Jumping on a trampoline
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Potential energy is energy that is:
a. stored b. in motion c. not capable of doing work |
Stored
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