Ma - Hematopoiesis

Front 1

First major site of hematopoiesis

Back 1

The yolk sac. stays there for about 6 weeks in humans.
Most blood cells produced in the yolk sac are red blood cells and retain their nuclei, in contrast to normal adult development.
Formation of blood components is initially intravascular

Front 2

Second major site of hematop

Back 2

At 6 weeks, yolk sac blood islands begin to regress, and the major site shifts to the fetal liver.
Throughout the midportion of pregnancy, the liver is the major hematopoietic organ.
The red cells released into circulation from the liver are normally without nuclei and presence of nucleated red blood cells in the fetal circulation indicates fetal hypoxia.

Front 3

The final anatomical site of hematop during ontogeny

Back 3

Medullary cavity of bone in humans. Human hematop cells can be seen there in 8-9 weeks, but this site becomes the major site at 5 months of gestation.
By the final trimester, all available medullary space is filled with hematop cells.

Front 4

Bone marrow first appears in the

Back 4

Clavicle.
Bone marrow supersedes liver as the major hematop organ at 32-36 weeks of gestation

Front 5

In Bone Marrow: % of Myeloblasts total, Type I and Type II Myeloblasts

Back 5

Myeloblasts total = 3%
Type I = 1%
Type 2 = 2%

Front 6

In Bone Marrow: % of Neutrophils total, promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, band forms, segmented neutrophils

Back 6

Neutrophil total = 63%
-promyelocytes = 4%
-myelocytes = 13%
-metamyelocytes = 15%
-band forms = 16%
-segmented neutrophils = 15%

Front 7

In Bone Marrow: % of Eosinophils

Back 7

3%

Front 8

In Bone Marrow: % of Basophils

Back 8

0.5%

Front 9

In Bone Marrow: % of Monocytes

Back 9

1%

Front 10

In Bone Marrow: % of Normoblasts (Erythroblast) total, promonoblasts, basophilic normoblasts, polychromatophilic normoblasts, orthochromic normoblasts

Back 10

Normoblasts total = 18.5%
-promonoblasts = 0.5%
-basophilic normoblast = 2%
-polychromatophilic normoblast = 12%
-orthochromic normoblast = 4%

Front 11

In Bone Marrow: % of lymphocytes

Back 11

10%

Front 12

In Bone Marrow: % of Megakaryocytes

Back 12

less than 1%

Front 13

Precursors of Basophil (3)

Back 13

Myeloid Progenitor --> Myeloblast --> Immature Basophil --> Basophil

Front 14

Precursors of Eosinophil (3)

Back 14

Myeloid Progenitor --> Myeloblast --> Immature Eosinophil --> Eosinophil

Front 15

Precursors of Neutrophil (6)

Back 15

Myeloid Progenitor --> Myeloblast --> Normal Promyelocyte --> Normal Myelocyte --> Normal Metamyelocyte --> Normal Band --> Neutrophil

Front 16

Precursors of Monocyte (2)

Back 16

Myeloid Progenitor --> Immature Monocyte --> Monocyte

Front 17

Precursors of Platelets (2)

Back 17

Myeloid Progenitor --> Megakaryocyte --> Platelets

Front 18

Precursors of Erythrocyte (6)

Back 18

Myeloid Progenitor --> Pronormoblast --> Basophilic Normoblast --> Polychromatic Normoblast --> Orthochromatic Normoblast --> Polychormatic Erythrocyte --> Erythrocyte

Front 19

Precursor of Lymphocyte (1)

Back 19

Lymphoid Progenitor --> Lymphocyte