M6 - Special Senses

Front 1

Presbycusis

Back 1

hearing loss from gradual deterioration of sensory receptors. Associated with aging.

Front 2

Canthus

Back 2

--Corner of the eye

--angle where upper and lower eyelids meet

Front 3

OD

Back 3

Right Eye - aka Occulus Dexter

Front 4

OS

Back 4

Left Eye - aka Occulus Sinister

Front 5

OU

Back 5

Both Eyes - aka Occulus Uterque

Front 6

AD

Back 6

Right Ear - Aka Auris Dexter

Front 7

AS

Back 7

Left Ear - Aka Auris Sinister

Front 8

AU

Back 8

Both Ears - aka Auris Unitas

Front 9

Optic

Back 9

Pertaining to eye or sight

Front 10

Ocular

Back 10

Pertaining to the eye

Front 11

Extraocular

Back 11

Outside the eyeball

Front 12

Intraocular

Back 12

Inside the eyeball

Front 13

Layers of the Eyeball

Back 13

--Sclera

--Choroid

--Retina

Front 14

Sclera

Back 14

Tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outer layer of the eye, except for the cornea.

Front 15

Choroid

Back 15

Opaque middle layer of eye that contains blood vessels and provides blood supply for the eye

Front 16

Retina

Back 16

Sensitive most innermost layer that receives nerve impulses and transmits them to the optic nerve.

Front 17

Structures of the Retina

Back 17

--Rods (BW) and Cones (color)

--Macula

--Fovea Centralis - highest concentration of rods/cones

Front 18

Rods and Cones

Back 18

--Rods - react to dim light and used in night vision

--Cones - sensitive to bright light and used to see color

Front 19

Pigmented layer of the eye contains

Back 19

--Cornea, Pupil and Lens

Front 20

Cornea

Back 20

Transparent outer surface of eye covering the Iris and pupil focusing light rays entering the eye

Front 21

Pupil

Back 21

Black circular opening in center of iris that permits light to enter the eye

Front 22

Lens

Back 22

Clear, Flexible curved structure that focuses images on the retina

Front 23

Iritis

Back 23

Inflammation of the uvea affecting primarily structures in front of the eye and can last 6-8 weeks

Front 24

Keratitis

Back 24

Inflammation of the cornea

Front 25

Cataracts

Back 25

Cloudy lens

Front 26

Floaters

Back 26

White floating lights in peripheral vision - debris inside the eye

Front 27

Glaucoma

Back 27

Increased intraocular pressure (excessive aqueous humor) that causes damage to the retinal nerve fibers and optic nerve.

--Chronic Glaucoma

--Acute Glaucoma

Front 28

Refractive Disorders Types

Back 28

Focusing problem that occurs when the lens and cornea do not bend light so that it focuses properly on the retina.

-Hyperopia

-Myopia

-Presbyopia (old age)

Front 29

Hyperopia

Back 29

Light rays focus BEYOND the retina resulting in FARSIGHTEDNESS

Front 30

Myopia

Back 30

Light rays focus in FRONT of the retina resulting in NEARSIGHTEDNESS

Front 31

Presbyopia

Back 31

old age sightedness

Front 32

PERRLA

Back 32

Acronym meaning PUPILS are EQUAL, ROUND, RESPONSIVE to LIGHT and ACCOMODATION

Front 33

Iridectomy

Back 33

Surgical removal of a portion of the tissue of the iris

Front 34

Lensectomy

Back 34

Surgical removal of cataract-clouded lens

Front 35

Corrective Lens Types

Back 35

-Concave Lenses-Curve inward for myopia

-Convex lenses-curve outward for hyperopia

-Bifocals- lenses with 2 powers

-Trifocals- lenses with 3 powers

-Contact Lenses-refractive lenses that float directly on the tear film in front of the eye

Front 36

Middle Ear Structures

Back 36

-Tympanic Membrane (eardrum)

-Mastoid Process

-Auditory Ossicles: Malleus(hammer), Incus (anvil), Stapes (Stirrup)

-Eustachian Tubes

Front 37

Tympanic Membrane

Back 37

Eardrum

Front 38

Auditory Ossicles

Back 38

3 Small bones in the middle ear that transmits sound waves from eardrum to inner ear by vibration. The bones are:

-Malleus (hammer)

-Incus (Anvil)

-Stapes (Stirrup)

Front 39

Otitis

Back 39

**Ear infection**

Inflammation of the ear

Front 40

Tinnitus

Back 40

Condition of ringing, buzzing or roaring sound in one or both ears

Front 41

Conjunctiva

Back 41

Transparent mucous membrane that lines the underside of eyelid and continues over eyeball

Front 42

Lacrimal Apparatus

Back 42

Structure that produce, store and remove tears

Front 43

Macular Degeneration

Back 43

**Leading cause of blindness in ages 55+

--Macula at center of retina is damaged, resulting in loss of CENTRAL vision, but not in total blindness.

Front 44

Olfactory

Back 44

Smelling

Front 45

Gustatory

Back 45

Tasting

Front 46

MA should be sensitive to cultural considerations and needs of patient

Back 46

--Speak CLEARLY and slowly to those who cannot hear well.

--Provide patients with instructions they will understand.

--Encourage patients to repeat any instruction to ensure they fully understand

Front 47

Otosclerosis

Back 47

Hereditary condition with abnormal tissue growth around stapes causing gradual hearing loss

Front 48

Sense of touch

Back 48

Originates from the DERMIS, the deepest layer of skin.

Front 49

Astigmatism

Back 49

Irregularity in curvature of the cornea and lens. Football shaped.

Front 50

Where is the highest concentration of Rods and cones?

Back 50

Fovea Centralis