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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Meckel's diverticulum:
1. Remnant of what? 2. The five 2s |
1. vitelline duct
2. 2 in long, 2 ft from ileocecal valve, 2% pop'n, 2:1 M:F, 2 types of epithelia (gastric, pancreatic) |
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1. Another name for Hirschsprung Dz
2. Defect 3. Effect 4. Always involves what part of bowel 5. Pt group with increased risk |
1. congenital aganglionic megacolon
2. failure of neural crest cell migration 3. dilation proximal to aganglionic colon 4. rectum 5. downs syndro |
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Collagenous vs lymphocytic colitis:
1. endoscopy findings 2. histological findings |
1. NL
2. --collagenous: chr inflammation w/ subendothelial collagen band --lymphocytic: chr inflammation (autoimmune) w/ lymphocytes and no collagen |
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Celiac Dz:
1. Cause and screening for Dx 2. Bowel area primarily affected 3. Assoc'd condition 4. histological appearance |
1. autoimmunity against wheat gliadin & tissue transglutaminase (use Abs in serum to Dx)
2. jejunum 3. dermatitis herpetiformis 4. blunted villi, crypt hyperplasia w/ CD8+ T cells |
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Crohn's Dz:
1. Location in colon 2. Pattern of distribution 3. Area spared |
1. Anywhere
2. Skipping lesion 3. Rectum |
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Crohn's Dz:
1. 3 features of gross morphology 2. Histo morphology 3. Intestinal manifestation 4. 2 extraintestinal manifestations |
1. Cobblestone mucosa, creeping serosal fat, transmural inflam
2. Non-caseating granulomas 3. diarrhea (may or may not be bloody) 4. migrating polyarthritis, erythema nodosum |
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Ulcerative colitis:
1. bowel area always involved 2. pattern of distribution |
1. rectum
2. continuous colonic lesions extending from rectum |
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Ulcerative colitis:
1. Layers of bowel affected 2. Gross feature 3. Increases risk of what? 4. intestinal manifestation |
1. muscosa & submucosa
2. pseudopolyps 3. colorectal carcinoma 4. bloody diarrhea |
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Describe the 3 parts of diverticular dz
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1. diverticulum: outpouching of GIT that communicates w/ lumen (true = all 3 layers, false = M & SM)
2. diverticulosis: many diverticula, most often in sigmoid, assoc'd w/ low fiber 3. diverticulitis: inflam of diverticula, may perforate, LLQ pain, BRBPR |
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What are intestinal adhesions?
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band-like scar tissue forming during healing from surgery or peritonitis; can cause obstruction
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1. Describe an intussusception
2. Causes in kids and adults |
1. telescoping of one portion of bowel into distal portion
2. kids = idiopathic, adults = intraluminal mass |
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1. What is volvulus?
2. 2 things that can occur 3. 2 common areas affected |
1. Twisting of bowel around its mesentery
2. obstruction, infarction 3. sigmoid, cecum |
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1. 2 Areas typically affected in ischemic bowel dz
2. Clinical sxs |
1. splenic flexure & distal colon
2. pain after eating, weight loss |
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List 4 non-neoplastic polyps of the colon
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1. inflammatory
2. Juvenile 3. Peutz-Jeghers 4. hyperplastic |
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3 factors of adenomatous polyps that are assoc'd w/ increased malignant risk
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1. increase size
2. villous histology 3. increased epithelial dysplasia |
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Describe genetics, intestinal manifestion, and extraintestinal manifestion of:
1. familial ademomatous polyposis (FAP) 2. Gardner's syndro 3. Turcot's syndro 4. Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) |
1. FAP: AD APC mutation, 100% progress to CRC, 1000s pancolonic polyps
2. GS: FAP + osteomas 3. TS: FAP + CNS tumors 4. HNPCC: AD DNA mismatch repair mutation, 80% progress to CRC |
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Contrast sxs of R and L sided colon cancers
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R: asympto, sxs of Fe def anemia from blood loss
L: narrowed lumen, changed BMs, bright or occult blood |
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3 neoplasms of the appendix
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1. mucocele: benign dilation by mucinous secretion
2. mucocele cystadema: prolif'd neoplastic cells, dilat by mucinous secretion 3. mucinous cystadenocarcinoma: invading neoplastic cells |
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What is pseudomyxoma peritonei?
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dilation of peritoneum by mucin secreting malignant cells
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