M2-Cx11-L33 --> Histology Female Reproductive System

Front 1

The white appearance of the ovary is due to the __________ located just beneath the surface epithelium.

Back 1

Tunica Albuginea

Front 2

Follicle type with SINGLE layer of SQUAMOUS follicle cells

Back 2

Primordial follicle

Front 3

Follicle type with SINGLE layer of CUBOIDAL (or COLUMNAR) follicle cells

Back 3

Primary follicle

Front 4

Follicle type with STRATIFIED layer of follicle cells

Back 4

Multilaminar Primary Follicle

Front 5

Follicle type with development of ANTRUM

Back 5

Secondary Follicle

Front 6

Largest Secondary follicle is known as?

Back 6

- Graffian Follicle

Front 7

Follicle type which first develops a basal lamina.

Back 7

- Primordial Follicle

Front 8

Basal Lamina is formed from?

Basal Lamina separates what?

Back 8

- Follicle cells
(aka - granulosa cells)

- Follicle cells from surrounding Stroma

Front 9

Follicle cells are also known as?

Back 9

Granulosa cells

Front 10

Thecal layers are formed from what cells?

Back 10

- Stromal cells

Front 11

In the Graffian Follicle:

the term MEMBRANA GRANULOSA refers to?

why?

Back 11

Gross Anatomic Appearance
of
Granulosa Cell Layer

B/C it looks like a Membrane

Front 12

Corona Radiata is most often defined as a group of _________ cells,

most closely associated w/ ________ ,

which surrounds the _________

Back 12

- Granulosa cells

- Zona Pellucida

- Oocyte

Front 13

Follicle type where the Zona Pellucida is first seen

Back 13

- Multilaminar Primary Follicle

Front 14

Follicle type where the Theca Folliculi is first seen in association

Follicle type where the Theca Folliculi becomes deifferentiated into 2 layers

Back 14

- Multilaminar Primary Follicle

- Graafian Follicle

Front 15

What are the 2 layers of the Theca?

Above 2 layers become observable at what Follicle?

Back 15

- Theca Externa
- Theca Interna

- Graafian Follicle

Front 16

What follicle type shows Cumulus Oophorus?

Back 16

- Graafian follicle

Front 17

Cumulus Oophorus is Protruding mass of _____ cells.

Back 17

- Granulosa cells

Front 18

Which Granulosa cells will be Ovulated with the Oocyte during ovulation?

Back 18

- Cumulus Oophorus

Front 19

All of the Primary Oocytes are derived from _________ that undergo ______.

Back 19

- Oogonia

- Mitosis

Front 20

The Oogonia are depleted when?

Back 20

- before birth

(approx. 7th month of pregnancy)

Front 21

Primary Follicle arrested in?

Secondary Follicle arrested in?

Back 21

- PROPHASE of 1st Meiotic division

- METAPHASE of 2nd Meiotic division

Front 22

Subsequent to Ovulation......
the Graafian follicle

DIFFERENTIATE into _________, which will then
DEGENERATE into ___________.

Back 22

- Corpus LUTEUM

- Corpus ALBICANS

Front 23

Blood vessels enter the ovary at the?

Back 23

hilum

Front 24

A number of follicles develop simultaneously where in the ovary?

Back 24

- cortex of ovary

Front 25

Primordial follicles are distributed mainly where at the ovary?

Back 25

- periphery of cortex

Front 26

Ovary has what stroma characteristic?

Back 26

- Swirling Stroma

Front 27

Corpus Luteum degenerates over months UNLESS.....

Back 27

Pregnancy occurs

Front 28

Cumulus Mass of Cells erupts at ?

Cumulus Mass of Cells retained there until what structure sweeps it?

- sweeps it where?

Back 28

- surface of ovary

- Fimbria of Fallopian tube

- Infundibulum

Front 29

Polar bodies are formed during what division process?

Back 29

- 1st meiotic division

Front 30

Formation of corpus luteum from the remnants of?

- when?

Back 30

- Follicle remnants

- AFTER Ovulation

Front 31

When the Egg is OVULATED, what phase of division is it in?

Back 31

- METAPHASE of SECOND Division

Front 32

Fertilization of the Ovum prevents the deterioration of?

Back 32

- Corpus Luteum

Front 33

Corpus Luteum persists due to what event?

Corpus Luteum persists due to what hormone present?

- above hormone secreted by?

Back 33

- Fertilization

- HCG

- Placenta

Front 34

Roughly how many Ovarian Follicles present at birth?

- of the follicles above, how many will mature to the point of ovulation during childbearing years?

Back 34

- 400, 000

- 400

Front 35

2 major cell types of the Corpus Luteum

Back 35

- Thecal Lutein

- Granulosal Lutein

Front 36

Corpus Lutein Cell Types:

- Thecal Lutein is derived from?

- Granulosa Lutein is derived from?

Back 36

- Theca Interna

- Granulosa cells
of
Follicle Wall
that
Ovulated its Cumulus Mass

Front 37

Atresia is the process of?

Back 37

Follicule degeneration

Front 38

Large Atretric Follicles undergo what special process?

Back 38

- involution

Front 39

During Atresia,

- what cells will all degenerate?

- what parts will Thicken & Why?

Back 39

- Granulosa cells

- BM thickens b/c of Collagen deposits

Front 40

During Atresia,

- what cells will NOT all degenerate?

- above cells will persist to become?

Back 40

- Theca Interna cells

- Interstitial Gland cells

Front 41

During Atresia, the Theca Interna cells that don't degenerate will become what cells?

- above cells produce limited amounts of?

Back 41

- Interstitial Gland cells

- Androgen

Front 42

Larger Corpora Albicantia are derived from?

Smaller Corpora Albicantia are derived from?

Back 42

- Scar tissue from degeneration of Corpora Lutea

- Atresia of Larger follicles

Front 43

As Fallopian tube gets closer to the Uterus, there is an increase in what component?

Back 43

- Smooth muscle

Front 44

As Fallopian tube gets closer to the Uterus, there is a DECREASE in what 3 things?

Back 44

- Lumen size

- Mucosal complexity

- Mucosal Fold height

Front 45

Fallopian tube epithelia type?

Back 45

- simple columnar

Front 46

Fallopian tube epithelia has what 2 specializations?

Back 46

- Secretion cells (stained blue)

- Ciliated cells

Front 47

Lining of Uterus is called?

Back 47

- Endometrium

Front 48

2 layers of the Endometrium in the uterus

Back 48

- Functional Layer

- Basal Layer

Front 49

Functional Layer of Endometrium in the uterus can be further subdivided into?

Back 49

- Compact layer

- Spongy layer

Front 50

Which layer of the Functional Endometrium is closer to the Basal Layer?

Back 50

- Spongy layer of Functional endometrium

Front 51

Blood supply for Functional Layer of endometrium in uterus?

Back 51

- Spiral (or coiled) arteries

Front 52

Blood supply for Basal layer of endometrium in uterus?

Back 52

- Straight arteries

Front 53

3 phases of menstrual cycle in order

Back 53

1.) Proliferative phase
(aka - follicular or estrogenic)

2.) Secretory phase
(aka - luteal or progesterogenic)

3.) Menstrual phase

Front 54

During menstrual cycle, which endometrial layer does not change in size?

- why?

Back 54

- Basal layer

- b/c not sensitive to estrogen or progesterone

Front 55

Functional layer of endometrium is lost during?

Back 55

- end of Menstrual Phase

Front 56

Proliferative phase is aka?

- why?

Back 56

- Estrogenic phase

- b/c estrogen replenishes the endometrial functional layer

Front 57

Secretory phase is aka?

- why?

Back 57

- Progesterogenic phase

- b/c progesterone is primary hormone secreted by corpus luteum

Front 58

What hormonal change leads to menstrual phase?

Back 58

- loss of estrogen and progesterone

Front 59

Maturation of Follicle is associated with which menstrual phase?

Back 59

Proliferative phase

Front 60

Ovulation is associated with which menstrual phase?

Back 60

end of Proliferative phase

Front 61

Development of corpus luteum associated with which menstrual phase?

Back 61

Secretory phase

Front 62

In the Proliferative phase, proliferation occurs where and via what process?

Back 62

- Mitosis

@ Gland Epithelia
@ Stroma

Front 63

During Proliferative phase, the developing glands will secrete what?

Back 63

- nothing

Front 64

During Secretory phase, the glands will secrete what?

Back 64

- Progesterone (primarily)

(also estrogen to some extent)

Front 65

Describe the character of the glands during the Secretory phase

Back 65

- Contorted

Front 66

During Menstrual phase, what occurs to the Functional Layer of the endometrium?

Back 66

- Accumulation of blood

Front 67

Bulk of Uterus is what layer?

Back 67

- Myometrium

Front 68

Bulk of myometrium is of what tissue?

Back 68

Smooth muscle

Front 69

Characterize the myometrium smooth muscles (x2)

- which are arranged how?

Back 69

- Interlacing Bundles
(of)
- Long Slender Fibers

(arranged in)
- ill-defined layers

Front 70

During Pregnancy, the myometrium undergoes what 2 types of process?

Back 70

- Hyperplasia

- Hypertrophy

Front 71

During Parturition, myometrium does what?

- above is reinforced by?

Back 71

- Contractions

- Oxytocin

Front 72

Oxytocin is secreted by?

- has what effect during parturition?

Back 72

- Pituitary

- reinforces myometrial SM contractions

Front 73

What is the purpose of the contractions in the myometrium SM on the Fetus?

Back 73

- expels the fetus

Front 74

What is the purpose of the Oxytocin on the blood supply?

Back 74

- Constricts Blood supply to PLACENTA

Front 75

What is the purpose of constricting the Blood supply to the Placenta with Oxytocin-induced contractions?

Back 75

- Detachment of placenta from uterine wall

Front 76

In the Cervix, formation of what gland?

- what else is also formed here?

Back 76

- Nabothian glands

- Transition zone

Front 77

In the cervix, the Transition zone goes from..........

to ..........

Back 77

- Simple columnar/cuboidal epithelia

(to)

- Stratified Squamous Non-keratinized epithelia

Front 78

Transition zone is often associated with what pathology?

Back 78

- Cancerous changes

Front 79

Near the Transition zone, what natural history of progression occurs in the pathological sense?

Back 79

Dysplasia ==> Carcinoma

Front 80

In the cervix, you should never leave what alone?

- why?

Back 80

- Dysplasias

- b/c dysplasia has a natural history of progression to carcinoma