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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The medication propofol can cause what to occur with EN? |
Overfeeding, so feeding calculations should be evaluated & adjusted to prevent this. |
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A patient with a decubitis ulcer and malnutrition should consume higher amounts of what nutrient? |
Protein, & if receiving EN, a high-protein formula should be used. |
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A pt. receiving tube feedings has diarrhea. What is this likely from and what do you recommend? |
Diarrhea may be due to an overload of volume, so consider switching from bolus feeding to drip feeding. |
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A pt. has nausea due to EN feedings. What do you recommend? |
Decrease the rate of delivery. Nausea can be caused by too fast of delivery. |
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When would TPN be used? a. short-term & GI tract is not tolerating feeding b. oral feeding is not an option c. long-term & GI tract is not tolerating feeding d. none of these |
c. TPN is used when long-term feeding is indicated & the GI tract is not tolerating feeding. |
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How do you calculate the Glucose Oxidation Rate (or Glucose Infusion Rate, GIR), and what are the tolerable rates? |
pt. wt. (kg) x desired GIR x 1440 (# of min/d) DIVIDED BY 1000 = grams dextrose/day OR Based on g CHO given: (g CHO x 100 mg/d) DIVIDED BY pt. wt (kg) DIVIDED BY 1440 = GIR Tolerable Rates: Stable pts 5-7 mg/kg/min Catabolic state pts ~5 mg/kg/min *Higher amts. of dextrose can promote hyperglycemia or lipogenesis. |
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Which might a Meals on Wheels assessor use to screen the nutritional status of an elderly woman? a. DRI b. AI c. NCEP d. NSI |
d. NSI (Nutrition Screening Initiative): designed to screen older Americans for risk of poor nutrition status & offer aid to improve quality of life. |
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A 55 y.o. woman requires how much calcium, according to the DRIs? |
1200 mg calcium |
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According to the DRIs, a 29 y.o. male requires how much vitamin B12? |
2.4 mcg vitamin B12 |
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The folate DRI for a pregnant woman is? |
600 mcg folate |
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What are the recommendations for saturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol according to the AHA? |
Limit saturated fat to <7% of kcals, trans fat to <1% of kcals, & cholesterol to <300 mg/day. |
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Which organization produces the DRIs? |
The Food & Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine |
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Which values are for the dietary nutrient intakes of healthy people in the U.S. & Canada? |
The DRIs |
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Which nutrition value is the average amount of nutrient adequate to meet the needs of 97-98% of healthy people in a life stage & gender group? |
RDA |
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Which nutrient value is estimated to meet the needs of half of healthy people in a stage of life & gender group? |
EAR |
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Which nutrient value is used as a basis for the RDA? |
EAR |
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Which nutrient values are used when the RDA cannot be determined? |
AI - based on observations & experimentation determining estimates of nutrient presumed to be adequate by a group of healthy people. |
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Which of the following individuals requires the most calories/kg? a. male athlete b. infant c. pregnant adolescent d. male adolescent |
b. infant |
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Guidance on dietary supplements is offered by which group/organization? |
The Food & Nutrition Science Alliance |
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Which law (act) requires that all food products under FDA carry a label with specific criteria? |
The Nutrition Labeling & Education Act |
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What percentage of protein is the Daily Value for protein based on? |
10% of total kcals from protein |
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How many mg of cholesterol is the DV for cholesterol based on? |
300 mg or less |
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On a food label, the Daily Values are based on: a. RDAs b. 2000 kcal diet c. USDA Food Guide Pyramid d. 1800 kcal diet |
b. 2000 kcal diet |
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If a food claims to be "calorie free," how many calories per serving must it contain? |
<5 kcals/serving |
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If a food claims to be a "good source" of a nutrient, that means it has what percentage of the DV of that nutrient/serving? |
10-19% |
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A food claiming to have "less" of a nutrient (fat, sodium, etc...) means it has what? |
25% less of that nutrient than the standard/original food |
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What does low fat, low sodium, low saturated fat, and low calorie mean on a label? |
Low fat: 3 g or less/serving Low Sodium: 140 mg or less/serving Low Sat Fat: 1 g or less/serving Low Calorie: 40 kcal or less/serving |
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What does "calorie free" mean on a food label? |
The food has <5 kcals/serving |
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What does "free" mean on a food label? |
There is no amount or a trivial amount of kcals, fat, sat fat, cholesterol, or sodium in the food (per serving). |
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According to the Exchange System, a starch such as 1 slice of bread or 1/3 cup of pasta or rice, contains how many g CHO, protein & fat, and how many kcals? |
Starch CHO: 15 g Protein: 0-3 g Fat: 0-1 g Kcals: 80 |
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According to the Exchange System, which group contains 15 g CHO, 0 g protein & fat, and 60 kcals? |
Fruit |
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Describe the grams of CHO, protein, & fat and # of kcals in 1 cup of fat-free & low-fat milk, according to the Exchange System. |
Both ff (skim-1%) & lf (2%) milk: CHO: 12 g Protein: 8 g Fat-free milk: Fat 0-3 g, Kcals 100 Low-fat milk: Fat 5 g, Kcals 120 |
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Which food group contains 5 g CHO, 2 g protein, 0 g fat, & 25 kcals according to the Exchange System? |
~1/2 c. cooked non-starchy vegetables |
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How much of each nutrient does 1 c. of whole milk contain according to the Exchange System? |
12 g CHO, 8 g protein & fat, 160 kcal |
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In the exchange system 1 oz. of lean meat contains how much of each nutrient? Give examples of lean meats. |
Lean meats: chicken, egg whites, cottage cheese 0 g CHO, 7 g protein 0-3 g fat, 45 kcal |
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Which food group contains 0 g CHO, 7 g protein, 8 or more g fat, and 100 kcals in the exchange system? |
High fat meats such as sausage or 2 slices of bacon |
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How many g fat and kcals does 1 tsp. of oil contain in the exchange system? |
5 g fat, 45 kcal |
