Lymphphatic System

Front 1

Lymph

Back 1

lymph = clear water
excess tissue fluid picked up by the lymphatic vessels

Front 2

Right Lymphatic duct

Back 2

Drains the lymph from the tight arm and the right side of the head and thorax

Front 3

Thoracic duct

Back 3

receives lymph from the rest of the body

Front 4

Lymph Nodes

Back 4

help protect the body by removing foreign material such as bacteria

Front 5

Lymphoid organs

Back 5

include the lymph nodes, spleen, thymus gland tonsils ant Peyer's patches in the intestines

Front 6

Spleen

Back 6

filters the blood

Front 7

Thymus

Back 7

produces hormones that function in the programing of certain lymphocytes so they can carry out the protective roles in the body

Front 8

Peyer's patches

Back 8

in the walls of the intestines and are made to destroy and capture bacteria

Front 9

MALT

Back 9

Mucosa- associated lymphatic tissue
used to protect the upper respiratory and digestive tracts

Front 10

Non- specific defence system

Back 10

responds immediately to protect the body from all foreign substances

Front 11

Specific defense system

Back 11

also called the immune system
only attacks particular foreign substances

Front 12

Immunity

Back 12

highly specific resistance to disease

Front 13

pathogens

Back 13

harmful or disease causing microorganisms

Front 14

Phagocytes

Back 14

Phago= eat
engulfs a foreign particle and ingests it

Front 15

Natural killer cell

Back 15

"Police"
unique group of defensive cells that can lyse and kill cancer cells

Front 16

inflammatory response

Back 16

a non specific response that is triggered whenever body tissues are injured

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chemotaxis

Back 17

cells that are following a chemical gradient

Front 18

antimicrobial

Back 18

group of at least 20 plasma proteins that circulate in the blood in an inactive state

Front 19

complement fixation

Back 19

occurs when complement proteins bind to certain sugars or proteins

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interferons

Back 20

diffuse to nearby cells and bind to their membrane receptors

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fever

Back 21

abnormally high body temperature which is a systematic response to invading microorganisms

Front 22

pyrogens

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pyro= fire
chemicals secreted by white blood cells and macrophages exposed to foreign cells in the body

Front 23

immune response

Back 23

is the response to a threat

Front 24

3 important aspects of the immune response

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1. its antigen specific
2. it is systematic
3. it has memory

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humoral immunity

Back 25

provided by antibodies present in the bodies humors of fluids

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antigen

Back 26

substance capable of exciting out immune system and provoking an immune response

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non self and self antigens

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non- foreign intruders
self- do nt trigger immune response

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macrophages

Back 28

role is to engulf foreign particles and present fragments of these antigens like signal flags

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memory cells

Back 29

capable of responding to the same antigen later on

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active immunity

Back 30

when your B cells encounter antigens and produce antibodies against them

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Passive immunity

Back 31

the antibodies are obtained in the serum of an immune human or animal donor

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monocolonal antibodies

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produced by single pure antibody preparations that exhibit specificity for one antigen

Front 33

Antibodies

Back 33

constitutes the gamma globulin part of blood proteins

Front 34

Antigen-binding site

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is uniquely shaped to fit its specific antigen

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neutralization

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occurs when antibodies bind to specific of bacterial exotoxins

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agglutination

Back 36

reaction occurs when mis- matched blood is transfused

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precipitation

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cross linking reaction

Front 38

antigen presentation

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essential for activation an clonal selection of the T cells

Front 39

T cells

Back 39

specialize in killing virus infected cells

Front 40

Helper T cells

Back 40

act as the directors of the immune system

Front 41

suppressor T cells

Back 41

release chemicals that suppress the activity of both T and B cells

Front 42

Autografts

Back 42

tissue grafts transplanted from one site to another

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immunosupressive therapy

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is used to prevent rejection after surgery

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Allergies

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abnormally vigorous immune response in which the immune system cause tissue damage

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Immediate hypersensitivity

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triggered by the release of a flood of histamine

Front 46

anaphylactic

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occurs when the allergen is directly enters the blood and circulates rapidly through the body

Front 47

delayed hypersensitivities

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the chemicals mediating these reactions are lyphokines released by the activated T cell

Front 48

Immunodeficiencies

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acquired conditions in which the production of function of immune cells s abnormal

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AIDS

Back 49

cripples the immune system by interfering with the activity of helper T cells

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autoimmune disease

Back 50

sensitized T cells attack and damage its own tissues