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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 types of lymphoma?
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Hodgkinds and Nonhodgkins
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What are the clinical signs at presentation in most cases of hodgkins lymphoma?
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-Palpable Nontender LAD
-Fevers/night sweats -Weight loss |
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What does the Pel-Epstein fever refer to?
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Hi-grade fever for 1-2 weeks, then 1-2 weeks afebrile
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What is sometimes an early clue to diagnosis of HL?
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Alcohol consumption causing immediate pain at sites of nodal involvement
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What are 3 additional signs of HL?
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-Bone pain
-Pancytopenia dt BM spread -Mass effects - SC comprsn, Horners, Laryngeal paralysis -Hepatosplenomegaly |
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What is NOT commonly seen in hodgkins lymphoma?
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Intracranial
Gastric Cutaneous involvement |
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What should you suspect in a patient with the aforementioned findings?
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HIV-associated HL
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What are 2 syndromes much more common in NHL than in HL?
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-SVC syndrome
-Ureteral compression causing secondary renal failure |
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What is the staging system for hodgkins and nonhodgkins lymphoma?
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Ann arbor staging system
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How many stages are in the AA Staging system?
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four
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What are the four ann arbor stages?
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I - only 1 LN area or 1 EN site
II - 2/more LN areas but on the same side of diaphragm III - Areas on both sides IV - disseminated, multiorgan |
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What are B-symptoms?
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-Unexplained weightloss 10% in six months
-Night sweats -Unexplained fevers |
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How is HL or NHL diagnosed?
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With cervical or axillary excisional biopsy
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What is the role of surgery in HL and NHL?
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Staging laparotomies
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When is lap staging useful in cases of HL/NHL?
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-Early in disease
-Can be used to avoid chemo and use radiation |
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What is MALT?
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Mucosal associated lymphoid tissue
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What does MALT consist of?
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M-cells overlying Peyers PAtches which have CD8 Tcells and Gamma/Delta Tcells
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In what type of lymphoma do MALTomas develop?
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Mantle cell NHL
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Where do most maltomas occur and in associationw ith what?
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-Stomach
-H. pylori |
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At what age do maltomas typically present?
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70-80's
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What are maltomas often associated with?
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Autoimmune disease - sjogrens, hashimotos, CROHNS
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What is the main difference between sarcomas and carcinomas?
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Sarchomas - from mesenchymal cells
Carcinomas - from epithelial cells |
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How do Sarcomas vs carcinomas tend to metastesize?
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Sarcomas - hematogenously
Carcinomas - lymphatics |
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Where are most sarcomas located?
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In the extremeties (60%) or trunk
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What has better cure rates; distal or proximal lesions?
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Distal
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What covers sarcomas?
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Pseudocapsule
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How do sarcomas spread?
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Along tissue planes
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Where do most sarcomas metastasize? How are mets treated?
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To the lungs - treat with pulm resection
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When does most sarcoma recurrence occur?
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S/p 2 yrs
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What is the best way to treat sarcoma?
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Radical excision/amputation
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What is the overall 5-yr survival of sarcoma?
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50%
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What are most clinical symptoms of sarcoma due to?
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Mass effect/location
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What are the diagnostic imaging modalities used for sarcoma workup?
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-CXR first
-Soft tissue films -MRI -CT |
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What has better sensitivity/spcfty for sarcoma; MRI or CT?
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MRI - better sensitivity
Equal specificity |
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What type of sarcoma is Ewing's sarcoma?
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PNET - peripheral neuroepithelial tumor
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What is the best therapy for Ewing's?
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Chemo
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What is the most effective therapy in managing soft tissue malignancies currently?
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Surgery + Radiation
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What are 3 cancers that can be INDUCED by all the radiation however?
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-Thyroid
-Breast -Lymphoma |
