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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does the valve stop retrograde flow?
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At the junction of subclavian and internal jugular veins (stops blood from entering lymphatic ducts)
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High volume chylothorax is usually a result of?
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Iatrogenic esophagectomy
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Carcinomas VS sarcomas spread where?
But.... |
-lymphatic channels
-vascular or hematogenous routes (numerous interconnections could allow either to go in both) |
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Define:
Lymphedema Lymangitis Lymphadenopathy |
-abnormal accumulation of lymph
-infection spreading into channels (usually hemolytic streptococcus) -lymph node enlargement secondary to primary disorder (infection) |
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Cancers close to vertebral column pass through what valveless veins?
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Paravertebral venous plexus (loss of pedicles on X-ray)- cancer can spread to the brain
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What are the 6 primary lymph sacs?
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(outpuchings form developing veins)
2 jugular, 1 retroperitoneal, 1 cisterna chyli, 2 iliac sacs |
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Describe head and neck drainage and the 2 groups of deep nodes?
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NO lymph vessels in brain, head and neck drains into deep cervical nodes surrounding internal jugular vein (in carotid sheath)
2 groups: jugulodigastric + jugulo omohyoid |
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Where does the scalp drain?
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3 collecting channels: anterior auricular, retroauricular, and occipital nodes
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Where do all the tonsils drain?
Blood supply? |
superior or jugulo-digastric nodes (deep cervical)
-facial artery |
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Cervical lymphadenitis= bilateral VS unilateral?
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enlarged neck lymph nodes
bilateral= viral unilateral= bacteral |
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Hodgkins lymphoma?
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chronic enlargement of lymph nodes- can present unilaterally
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Scrofuloderma?
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lymphadenopathy most commonly of cervical nodes (related to TB)
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What is most common cancer of oral cavity?
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squamous cell carcinoma
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Lung drainage... superficial plexus VS deep plexus
[L lower lobe VS R lobe] |
Super= drains lung and visceral pleura and empties into bronchopulmonary (HILAR) nodes in lung hilum
Deep= drains lung root first to pulmonary nodes > lobar bronchi > HILAR nodes BOTH= tracheobronchial lymph nodes at bifurcation > thoracic duct -L lower lobe- goes to carinal nodes then R tracheobronchial |
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Heart - subendocardial + myocardial plexus?
subepicardial? |
-all communicate freely
-from subepicardial both trunks R/L drain into L bronchomediastinal nodes > thoracic duct |
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Esophagus= cervical ?
thoracic? abdominal? ALL? |
-C6-T1 = deep cervical lymph nodes
-T1-10= mediastinal and peritracheal nodes then thoracic duct -T11-12 around L gastric vein into Celiac lymph nodes |
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Superficial inguinal nodes:
vertical VS horizontal? Deep inguinal nodes? |
-Great saphenous vein - vertical
-gluteal, ant abd wall, external genitalia (vertical) -small saphenous - popliteal - into deep inguinal (lateral foot) BOTH end in ext iliac nodes |
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Lumbar nodes receive from?
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receives from common iliac (which receives from post abd wall, kidneys, ureters, testes/ovaries, uterus + tube
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What is the cisterna chyli?
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thin walled sac inf to thoracic duct which ascends in aortic hiatus (T12) (made from lumbar nodes)
-dumps into left venous angle |
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Thoracic duct originates where and ascends with?
Sentinal node of virchow? |
originates at cisterna chyli and ends at the L venous angle
-at L venous angle - inflammation shows dz in or below thoarx |
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Where does the bladder drain?
Kidneys? |
-External or internal iliac nodes > lumbar > CC
-lumbar (lateral aortic) - parts that help form CC |
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Ureters: upper?
middle? lower? all? |
-lumbar nodes
-common iliac nodes -external or internal iliac ALL= lumbar trunks |
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Pelvic viscera=
*uterus upper VS lower? isthmus of fallopian tube? |
sacral > internal > external and common iliac nodes
-upper= lateral and preaortic nodes -lower= external iliac -isthmus= around round ligament to superficial lymph nodes |
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Testes + ovaries drain into?
Why can this be scary? |
lateral and preaortic lymph nodes then into CC
-no outward sign to show cancer is well-advanced |
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how does deep thoracic duct travel in regards to veins?
what about vertebral artery? |
runs ANTERIOR to the communicating veins (azygos)
-and it crosses L subclavian artery passing ANT to vertebral art |
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Describe major breast lymph flow?
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-superolateral >anterior/pectoral
-apical -sternal -abdominal R= Rt. lymphatic duct L=Thoracic duct (pectoral-apical-duct "PAD") |
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How can breast cancer cause a brain tumor?
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Breast can connect with intercostal veins > azygos system> epidural venous plexus (no valves) > dural venous sinus
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what is anasarca?
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widespread accumulation of fluid in all tissues and cavities of the body at the same time
"extreme edema" |
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Upper limb drainage= medial VS lateral.. ALL?
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(deep channels accompany deep veins)
-medial= basilic >cubital fossa > brachial veins > axillary -lateral= cephalic > deltopectoral triangle > axillary vein |
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Round ligament of the uterus attaches to what and drains where?
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-wall to the ovary and drains into superficial inguinal lymph nodes (along with fundus of the uterus)
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