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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Sentinel Cells
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independent lymphatic cells in circulation or tissue
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Types of lymphatic cells
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sentinel
nonencapsulated encapsulated lymphoid organs |
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Cellular immunity
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T cell derived
thymus virus infected cells tumor cells |
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Humoral Immunity
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circulating antibodies
B cells bursa plasma cells |
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Tissues w/o lymphatic drainage (5)
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CNS
Bone marrow Inner ear Eye Cartilage |
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Lymphoid organ description
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connective tissue framework of reticular fibers
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Reticular Cells
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FIBROBLASTS that produce reticular fibers (type??)
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type III
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Macrophages
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APCs
proteosome related processing of antigen |
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Non-encapsulated lymphatic tissues (3)
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lamina propria
solitary lymph node Peyer's Patch aggregates of nodules |
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Lamina propria
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lymphocytes in connective tissue of digestive, urinary, and respiratory systems
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Solitary lymph NODULE
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dense aggregates of lymph tissue
contains-- reticular cells reticular fibers lymphocytes NON PERMANENT LOOSE CONNECTIVE TISSUE size, number, location? |
Size and number increase during humoral response
GALT MALT BALT |
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Lymph nodule structure (2)
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Mantle (cortex)
Germinal center |
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Mantle of lymph nodule
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Dark staining
small T and B cells reticular cells |
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Germinal center of lymph nodule
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reactive center
light staining large cells undergoing proliferation lymphoblast formation B lymphocytes plasma cells reticular cells |
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Centrocyte
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in germinal center
infolded nucleus goes on to be plasma or B cell differentiated post mitotically and go to immunoblasts (preplasma) |
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Tingible body
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macrophage in light center germinal of nodule
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centroblast
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migrates to germinal center
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Dendritic cells
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on periphery in cortex
increased SA for AP to lymph cells APCs that were once macrphpages found in skin as Langerhans cells. when they present with antigen they migrate to nodules to interact with T cells and immature B cells (centroblasts) |
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Follicular Dendritic cells
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in germinal center
not from macromages but mesenchyme and LCT assist in B cell maturation includes class switching and proliferation |
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Peyer's Patche
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groups of solitary lymph nodules
found in lamina propria of ileum opposite attachment to mesentry |
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Partially Encapsulate lymphatic organs (tonsils) (3)
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Palatine tonsil
Lingual tonsil Pharyngeal tonsils general characteristics |
partially encapsulated
internal connective tissue framework (trabeculae) infodlings at surface throat circle called Waldeyer's ring fxn: lymphopoiesis and antibody production |
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Palatine tonsil (LLSCA)
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Location: lateral walls between palatoglossal arch (A) and palatopharyngeal arch (P)
Lymphatic Tissue: Dense nodular Surface: stratified squamous which invaginates into tonsil with MULTIPLE crypts (10-12) Connective tissue: hemi capsule or partial with trabeculae partitioning Associated glandsL drained by ducts bypassing crypts to empty on surface |
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Lingual Tonsil (LLSCA)
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L: Root of tongue post to row of vallate papillae
L: dense and nodular S: stratified squamous epithelium with single crypt into each tonsil C: hemi or partial capsule A: drained byduct directly into single crypt |
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Pharyngeal Tonsil (LLSCA)
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L: Posterior wall of nasopharynx
L; dense and nodular tissue S: pseudostratified columnar epithelium which invaginates into tonsil as multiple folds C: hemi or partial capsule A: drained by ducts into folds |
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Encapsulated Lymph organs (3)
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Lymph NODE
Spleen Thymus |
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Lymph Node general characteristics (5)
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kidney bean shapes
complete connective tissue capsule cortex and medulla lymph sinuses afferent and efferent lymph vessels |
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Lymph Sinuses
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channels for movement of lymph through node
not lined by epithelium interlaced by reticular cells surrounded by reticular fibers subcapsular peritrabecular medullary |
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Cortex of lymph node
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lymph nodules with germinal centers
B lymphocytes activated b cells large centroblasts |
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Paracortical Deep cortex
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predominantly T lymphocytes
High Endothelial venules (HEV) stimulated postcapillary venules T cell diapedesis |
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HEV
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found in lymph node, spleen, thymus and areas of chronic inflammation
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Lymph Node Medulla
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medullary cords- B lymphocytes, plasma cells macrophages
medullary sinuses filtration |
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Lymphatic vessels of Lymph Node
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Afferent vessel- drain into subcapsular sinus
efferent vessel- exit lymph node through HILUS |
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Blood vessels of lymph nodes
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enter hilus and travel through trabeculae to reach parenchyma. NO COMMUNICATION BETWEEN SINUS AND VESSELS
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Nerves
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vasomotor only
innervate smooth muscle of vascular channels (size of HEV) |
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Function of lymph node
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Lymphopoiesis
antibody production filtration of lymph: phagocytosis of particles by pacmans living along sinuses |
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Spleen general
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Lies in upper left abdomen
weighs about 150 grams in average adult complete capsule parencyhma red and white pulp efferent lymph only path of blood flow? |
Blood from splenic---capsular arteries---trabecular----central arterioles----penicilliary arterioles---sinusoids--postcapillary venules---trabecular veins---splenic vein
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Periarteriolar lymphatic sheath
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macrophage derived cytokine stimulation
around PALS lymph nodules |
blue in cross section
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White Pulp
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lymphoid cells surrounding central arterioles. Mostly T cells from diapedesis from HEV)
Reactive B cells form nodules with reactive centers central arterioles displaced peripherally by these nodules ( ECCENTRIC CENTRAL arterioles) |
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Red pulp
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barrel shaped slenic sinusoids surrounded by macrophages, reticular cells, lymphocytes
Lymphocytges comprise so called splenic cords of Billroth |
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Circulation in spleen
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combination of both open and closed sinusoidal connections--dep upon pathophysiologic demands
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Nerves of Spleen
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vasomotor only-smooth muscle of vascular channels
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Functions of Spleen (5)
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filters blood:phagocytic cells of sinusoids and Billroths
hematopoeisis, lymph and monocytes phagocytosis of RBCs antibody production blood resevoir |
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Thymus general characteristics
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Bilobed organ starting at 1-15g goes to 30-40 at teens, atrophies
complete connective capsule and septae cortex and medulla in child but not adult no lymphatic nodules (no antibody) efferent lymph only epithelial reticular cells: APCS? Hassall's corpuscles |
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Epithelial reticular cells thymus
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APCs of endodermal origin (3 pharyngeal pouch)
connected via desmosomes as a syncytium function to support and isolate (blood-thymus barrier) the thymocytes syntesize and secrete thymopoietin and thymulin, alpha and beta thymosin which reg thymocyte development |
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Hassalls corpuscles
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degenerating epithelial reticular cells--post adolescent and adult
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Thymic Cortex
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matrix comprised of epithelial reticular cells
dense lymphaic tissue thymocytes no nodules |
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Thymic Medulla
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thicker network of epithelial reticular cells
reduced density of lymphatic tissue degenerating epi retics make Hassalls corpuscles |
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Thymic Vessels
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blood vascular supply distributed via septae to capillaries in parenchyma
HEVs rep sites of margination and diapedesis of immature T cells |
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Nerves
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vasomotor only-smooth muscle of vessels
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Functions of Thymus
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Lymphopoeisis- fetus and infant
maturation of T cells removal at birth is not good fatty infliltration complete in adult |
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Mononuclear phagocytic system characteristics (3)
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common origin (monocytes)
phagocytic shared receptors for immunoglobulins and complement |
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Development of monocytes(4)
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Stem cells (in marrow)--
promonocyte (in marrow)--- monocyte(in circulation)___ macrophage (in tissue) |
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Loose connective tissue monocytes(2)
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macrophages and histiocytes
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Liver sinusoid monocyte
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Kupffer cells
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Lung alveolar monocytes
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dust cells/alveolar macrophage
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