Lymphatic System And Lymphoid Organs/tissues

Front 1

Lymphatic System consists of three parts

Back 1

1) network of lymph vessels

2) Lymph

3) Lymph nodes

Front 2

Functions of the Lymph system

Back 2

1) Returns interstitial fluid and leaked plasma proteins back to the blood

2) Together with the lymphoid organs and tissues, provide the structural basis of the immune system

Front 3

Once interstitial fluid enters the lymphatics it is called ___

Back 3

lymph

Front 4

Lymphatic vessels are ____

Back 4

a one-way system in which lymph flows back toward the heart

Front 5

Lymphatic vessels include:

Back 5

1) Lymphatic capillaries

2) Lymphatic collecting vessels

3) Lymphatic trunks and ducts

Front 6

Lymphatic Capillaries are similar to blood capillaries except

Back 6

1) They are very permeable

2) Endothelial cells overlap to form one-way minivalves and are anchored by collogen filaments, preventing collapse of capillaries

Front 7

Lymphatic capillaries are absent from

Back 7

bones and teeth, bone marrow, and CNS

Front 8

Define lacteals

Back 8

specialized lymph capillaries present in intestinal mucosa that transport fat (chyle_ from small intestine to bloodstream

Front 9

Define lymph node

Back 9

small organ intimately associated with lymphatic vessels

Front 10

Lymphatic collecting vessels are similar to veins except

Back 10

they have thinner walls, with more internal valves

Front 11

Lymphatic trunks are formed by

Back 11

the union of the largest collecting ducts

Front 12

Lymph is delivered into ____

Back 12

one of two lymphatic ducts - right lymphatic and thoracic duct

Front 13

Right lymphatic duct drains the right ____ and right side of ____ and ___

Back 13

1) Upper arm

2) Thorax

3) head

Front 14

Thoracic duct arises from the _____ and drains the

Back 14

1) Cisterna chyli

2) rest of the body

Front 15

Lymph is propelled by

Back 15

1) Pulsations of nearby arteries

2) Contractions of smooth muscle in the walls of the lymphatics

Front 16

Define lymphocytes

Back 16

The main warriors of the immune system

Front 17

Two varieties of lymphocytes

Back 17

1) T cells

2) B cells

Front 18

____ reside temporarily in the lymph tissue and then move to other parts of the body

Back 18

lymphocytes

Front 19

___ and ___ protect against antigens

Back 19

T cells and B cells

Front 20

Define antigen

Back 20

Anything the body perceives as foreign such as bacteria and their toxins, viruses, cancer cells, mismatched RBCs

Front 21

Function of T cells

Back 21

Manage the immune response

Attack and destroy foreign cells

Front 22

Function of B cells

Back 22

Produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies

Front 23

____ is mainly reticular connective tissue

Back 23

Lymphoid tissue

Front 24

Lymphoid tissue houses and provides a proliferation site for ___

Back 24

lymphocytes

Front 25

Define diffuse lymphatic tissue

Back 25

a loose arrangement of lymphoid cells and some reticular fibers that is found in virtually every body organ.

Front 26

Define lymphatic follicles

Back 26

Solid, spherical bodies consisting of tightly packed lymphoid cells and reticular fibers

Front 27

____ are the principal lymphoid organs of the body

Back 27

Lymph nodes

Front 28

___ are embedded in connective tissue, in clusters along the lymphatic vessels

Back 28

Lymph nodes

Front 29

Large clusters of lymph nodes occur ____

Back 29

near the body surface in inguinal ,axillary, and cervical regions

Front 30

Functions of lymph nodes

Back 30

1) Filter lymph by macrophages detroying microorganisms and debris

2) Immune system where lymphocytes are activated and mount an attack against antigens

Front 31

Describe circulation of lymph nodes

Back 31

Lymph enters the convex side through afferent lymphatic vessels. It then moves through large subcapsular sinus into a number of smaller sinuses. Exits the node at the hilus via efferent vessels.

Front 32

There are fewer ____ draining the node than ____ feeding it, so the flow of lymph ____, allowing time for ____ and ___ to carry out protective functions.

Back 32

1) Efferent vessels

2) Afferent vessels

3) stagnate

4) lymphocytes

5) macrophages

Front 33

Two distinct areas of the spleen

Back 33

1) White pulp around central arteries

2) Red pulp in venous sinuses and splenic cords

Front 34

Define white pulp of spleen

Back 34

Where immune functions take place, so it is comprised mostly of lymphocytes suspended on reticular fibers

Front 35

___ is the largest lymphoid organ

Back 35

spleen

Front 36

Define red pulp of spleen

Back 36

Where the worn-out RBS and bloodborne pathogens are destroyed, so it contains a large number of erythrocytes and macrophages

Front 37

Red pulp is in the __ and ___

Back 37

venous sinuses and splenic cords

Front 38

The Thymus differs from other lymphoid organs by:

Back 38

Functions strictly as T lymphocyte maturation and does not directly fight antigens

Front 39

___ are the simplest lymph organ

Back 39

Tonsils

Front 40

Function tonsillar crypts

Back 40

trap and particulate matter and destroy bacteria

Front 41

Define Peyer's Patches

Back 41

Also called aggregated lymph nodules, are large clusters of lymphoid follicles structurally similar to tonsils. They are in the wall ofthe distal portion of the small intestine

Front 42

Function of Peyer's Patches

Back 42

Destroy bacteria and prevent them from breaching intestinal wall

Front 43

What is MALT

Back 43

Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue

Front 44

Define MALT

Back 44

set of distributed lymph tissues thorughout the body

Front 45

MALT includes

Back 45

tonsils, Peyer's patches, and appendix, lymphoid nodules in the walls of the bronchi

Front 46

Function of MALT

Back 46

Protects respiratory and disgestive system from never-ending pathogens

Front 47

Order of Lymph vessels

Back 47

1) Lymphatic capillaries

2) Lyphatic collecting vessels

3) Trunks

4) Ducts