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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cytokines |
Chemical mediators |
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Macrophages |
More powerful phagocytosis than neutrophils developed from monocytes |
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Complement system |
Composed of number of blood plasma proteins designated by the letter c and a number |
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Interferons |
Proteins produced by virus-infected cells |
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Antigens |
Protein structures that the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body |
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Plasma cells |
Circulate in blood and lymph, most cloned b cells become this |
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Apoptosis |
Programmed cell death |
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Antibody-mediated immunity or humoral immunity |
Activated b cells become plasma cells that produce antibodies |
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Monoclonal antibodies |
All are same type and produced by plasma cells derived from the same b cell |
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T cell receptor |
When t cell leaves thymus it gets one |
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Antigen presenting cell |
Antigen must be displayed using this such as a macrophage think t cells |
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Major histocompatability complex |
A protein that has to do with t cells recognizing antigens |
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Human leukocytes antigens hlas |
Human mch proteins these are found on all our body cells |
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Cell mediated immunity |
Immune response that does not involve antibodies but phagocytosis cytokines cytotoxic t cells |
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Helper t cells |
Regulate immunity by secreting cytokines and b cells cannot be activated without t cell help |
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Memory t cells |
Clonally expanded t cells |
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Active immunity |
Individual produces antibodies against antigen |
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Passive immunity |
Individual is given prepared antibodies via injection |
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Antibody titer |
Amount of antibody present in a sample of plasma |
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Interleukin |
Produced by white blood cells and used as immunotherapeutic drug to enhance t cells ability to fight cancer |
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Interferon |
Produced by virus infected cells used as immunotherapeutic drug to enhance the ability of the individual's t cells to fight cancer |
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Allergies |
Hypersensitivity to substances that would otherwise not do harm to the body |
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Allergens |
Antigens that if activated by allergies usually cause some degree of tissue damage |
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Immediate allergic response |
Response caused by IgE antibodies and can occur seconds within contact with antigen |
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Where can you find IgE antibodies |
Attached to receptors on the plasma membrane of mast cells in the tissues and to basophilis in the blood |
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What do IgE antibodies do |
When allergen attaches to the IgE antibodies on these cells the cells release histamine and other substances that bring about the allergic symptoms |
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Anaphylactic shock |
Caused by allergen entering bloodstream and is immediate such as penicillin shots and bee stings and causes life-threatening drop in blood pressure due to increased permeability of capillaries due to histamine |
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Delayed allergies response |
Initiated by memory t cells at the site of allergen contact in the body and is regulated by cytokines secreted by t cells and macrophages |
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Immunosuppressive drug |
Drugs that suppress the immune system for organ transplant |
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Severe combined immunodeficiency SCID |
Both antibody and cell-mediated immunity are lacking or inadequate |
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Autoimmune disease |
When cytotoxic t cells or antibodies mistakenly attack the bodies own cells |
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Rheumatic fever |
Antibodies induced by a streptococcus infection of the throat also react with heart muscle which causes an inflammatory response that damages heart muscles and valves |
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Rheumatoid arthritis |
Autoimmune disease where joints are chronically inflamed it is thought that antigen antibody complexes complement neutrophils activated t cells and macrophages destruct the joints |
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Systemic lupus erythematosus SLE |
Facial rash fever joint pain Damage to central nervous system heart and kidneys can be fatal |
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Myasthenia gravis |
Antibodies attach to and interfere with the function of neuromuscular junctions severe muscle weakness |
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Multiple sclerosis |
T cells attack the myelin sheath covering nerve fibers causing cns dysfunction double vision muscular weakness |
