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83 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
acquired immunity
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production of anitbodies and lymphocytes after exposure to an antigen
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adenoids
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mass of lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx
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antibody
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protein produced by B cell lymphocytes to destroy anitgens
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axillary nodes
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lymph nodes in the armpit (underarm)
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B cell (B lymphocyte)
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Lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow and transforms into a plasma cell to secrete antibodies.
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cervical nodes
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lymph nodes in the neck region
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complement system
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proteins in the blood that help antibodies and T cells kill their target
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cytokines
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proteins that aid and regulate the immune response. Examplesw are interferons and interleukins
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cytotoxic T cell
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T lymphocyte that directly kills foreign cells (Cd8+ cell or T8 Cell)
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dendrite cell
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specialized macrophage that digests foreign cells and helps B and T cells to mark antigens for destruction
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helper T cell
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lymphocyte that aids B cells and cytotoxic T cells in recognizing antigens and stimulating antibody production; also called CD4+ cell or T4 cell
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immunity
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body's ability to resist foreign organisms and toxins. this includes natural immunity and acquired immunity
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immunoglobulins
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antibodies (gamma globulins) that are secreted by plasma cells in response to presence of an antigen
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immunotherapy
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use of immunce cells, antibodies, or vaccines to treat or prevent disease
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inguinal nodes
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lymph nodes in the groin region
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interferons
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proteins (cytokines) secreted by T cells to aid and regulate the immune response
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interleukins
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proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the growth of B and T lymphocytes
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interstitial fluid
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fluid in the spaces between cells. This fluid becomes lymph when it enters lymph capillaries
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lymph
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thin, water fluid found within lymphatic vessels and collected from tissues throughout the body
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lymph capillaries
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tiniest lymphatic vessels
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lymph node
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a collection of stationary solid lymphatic tissue along lymph vessels
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macrophage
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large phagocyte found in lymph nodes and other tissues of the body
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mediastinal nodes
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lymph nodes in the area between the lungs in the thoracic (chest) cavity
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monoclonal antibody
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antibody procued in a laboratory to attack antigens and to destroy cells. it is useful in immunotherapy
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natural immunity
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protection that an individual inherits to fight infection
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plasma cell
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lymphocyte that produces and secretes antibodies. it originates from B lymphocytes
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right lymphatic duct
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large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from the upper right part of the body
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spleen
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organ near the stomach that produces, stores, and eliminates blood cells
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suppressor T cell
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lymphocyte that inhibits the activity of B and T lymphocytes. Also called a Treg (regulatory T cell)
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T cell (T lymphocyte)
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lymphocyte that originates in the bone marrow but matures in the thymus gland; it acts directly on atigens to destroy them or produce chemicals (cytokines) such as interferons and interleukins that are toxic to antigens
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thoracic duct
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large lymphatic vessel in the chest that receives lymph from below the diaphragm and from the left side of the body above the diaphragm; it empties the lymph into veins in the upper chest
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thymus gland
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organ in the mediastinum that conditions T lymphocytes to react to foreign cells and aids in the immune response
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tonsils
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mass of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx
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toxin
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posion; a protein produced by certain bacteria, animals, or plants
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vaccination
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exposure of an individual to a foreign protein (antigen) that provokes an immune response.
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vaccine
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weakened or killed microorganisms, toxins, or other proteins given to induce immunity to infection or disease
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immun/o
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combining form for protection
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autoimmune disease
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means a disease producing antibodies against one's own normal cells
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immunosuppression
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involves an act that reduces the activation or efficacy of the immune system
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lymph/o
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combining form for lymph
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lymphopoiesis
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formation of lymph
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lymphedema
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swelling of the lymph
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lymphocytopenia
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deficiency of lymph cells
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lymphocytosis
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increased number of lymph cells
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lymphaden/o
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combining form for lymph node (gland)
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lymphadenopathy
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disease condition of the lymph node
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lymphadenitis
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inflammation of a lymph node
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splen/o
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combining form for spleen
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splenomegaly
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enlargement of the spleen
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splenectomy
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removal of the spleen
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asplenia
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absence of normal spleen action
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hypersplenism
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means is an overactive spleen
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thym/o
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combining form for thymus gland
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thymoma
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malignant tumor of the thymus gland
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thymectomy
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removal of the thymus gland
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tox/o
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combining form for poision
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toxic
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means pertaining to the poison
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ana-
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prefix means again, anew
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anaphylaxis
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this is an exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity (allergy) to previously encountered foreign proteins or other antigens
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-phylaxis
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suffix means protection
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inter-
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prefix means between
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-stitial
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suffix means pertaining to standing or positioned
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lymphoma
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malignant tumor of lymph nodes and lymph tissues
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multiple myeloma
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malignant tumor of the bone marrow cells
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allergen
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substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body; a type of antigen
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atopy
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hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition. from the Greek word atopia, which means strangness
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CD4+ cells
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Helper T cells that carry the CD4 protein antigen on their surface.
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hodgkin disease
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malignant tumor of lymphoid tissue in spleen and lymph node
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human immunodeficiency virus
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HIV. virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS
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kaposi sarcoma
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malignant lesion associated with AIDS; arises from the lining of capillaries and appears as red, purple, brown, or black skin nodules
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non-hodgkin lymphomas
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group of malignant tumors involving lymphoid tissue
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opportunistic infections
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infectious disease associated with AIDS; they occur because HIV infection lowers the body's resistance and allow infection by bacteria and parasites that normally are easily contained
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protease inhibitor
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drug that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease, a proteolytic enzyme that helps create new viral pieces for HIV
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reverse transcriptase inhibitor
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RTI. drug that treats AIDS by blocking reverse transciptase, an ezyme needed to make copies of HIV
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wasting syndrome
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weight loss, decrease in muscular strength, appetite, and mental activity; associated with AIDS
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ELISA
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screening test to detect anti-HIV antibodies in the bloodstream
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immunoelectrophoresis
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test that separates immunoglobulins
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viral load test
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measurement of the amount of AIDS virus (HIV) in the bloodstream
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lymph vessel
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Carrier of lymph throughout the body; lymphatic vessels empty lymph into veins in the upper part of the chest
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severe combined immunodeficiency disease
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Infants born with a deficiency of B cells and T cells, resulting in a lack of immunity
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Western blot
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analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in the given sample of tissue homogenate or extract.
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allergy
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Abnormal hypersensitivity by exposure to an antigen
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lymphoid organs
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Lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus gland
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