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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chromatic harmony
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constructing chrods on the five additional notes (the chromatic notes) within the full 12 note chromatic scale.
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rubato
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moving faster or slower to effect an intensely personal performance.
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character piece
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a work that captures a single mood, sentiment, or emotion.
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virtuoso
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an instrumentalist or singer with a highly developed technical facility.
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art song
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a song for solo voice and piano accompaniment with high artistic aspirations.
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Lied (Lieder)
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german word for art song.
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Schubertiads
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gatherings at which Schubert appeared, and at which only his compositions were played.
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song cycle
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a tightly structured group of individual songs that tell a story or treat a single theme.
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through-composed
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when music unfolds continually, without significant repetition.
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strophic form
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a musical form often used in setting a strophic, or stanzaic, text, such as a hymn or carol;
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modified strophic form
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strophic form in which the music is modified briefly to accomodate a particularly expressive word or phrase in the text.
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Program music
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instrumental music, usually written for symphony orchestra, that seeks to re-create in sound events and emotions portrayed in some extramusical source: a story, legend, play, novel, or even historical event.
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absolute music
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instrumental music without extramusical or programmatic references.
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program symphony
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a symphony with the usual three, four, or five movements, which together depict a succession of specific events or scenes drawn from an extramusical story or event.
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dramatic overture
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a one movement work, usually in sonata-allegro form, that encapsulates in music the essential dramatic events of an opera or play.
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concert overture
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a one movement work of programmatic content originally intended for the concert hall
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symphonic poem (tone poem)
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one movement work for orchestra that gives musical expression to the emotions and events associated with a story, play, political event, or personal experience.
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ophicleide
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an early form of the tuba
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english horn
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low oboe
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cornet
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a brass instrument with valves, borrowed from the military band
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idee fixe
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fixed idea.
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diminution
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a reduction, usually by half, of all the rhythmic durations in a melody.
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double counterpoint
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counterpoint with two themes that can reverse position, with the top theme moving to the bottom, and the bottom to the top.
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col legno
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an instruction to string players to strike the strings of the instrument not with the horsehair of the bow, but with the wood of it.
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Gewandhaus Orchestra
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the symphony orchestra that originated in the Clothiers' House in Leipzig, Germany, in the 18th century.
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incidental music
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music to be inserted between the acts or during important scenes of a play to add an extra dimension to the drama
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sustaining pedal
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a pedal on the piano that enables strings to continue to sound after the performer had lifted his hand from the corresponding keys
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soft pedal
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a pedal that softened the dynamic level by shifting the position of the hammers relative to the strings.
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cross-stringing
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overlaying the lowest-sounding strings across those of the middle register, thereby producing a richer, more homogeneous sound.
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George Sand
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Aurore Dudevant, Chopin's lover.
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mazurka
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fast dance in triple meter with an accent on the second beat.
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nocturne
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slow, dreamy genre of piano music
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Lisztomania
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time when Liszt played many concerts and women went crazy over him.
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recital
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to play entire programs from memory, piano sideways on stage, playing alone.
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etude
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study; short, one movement composition designed to improve one or more aspects of a performer's technique.
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