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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
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I dont / cant do / have this, let alone this (which you say) |
Part mentioned by partner + dokoroka + part you cant even do + sae/mo ... レポート、もう終わった？ まだ書き始めてないよ。それところが、トピックさえ決めてなくて
ちょっと１０００YEN、貸してくれる ごめん。今、１０００YENどころか、２００YENもないんだ。 |
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unless, or until this changes. similar to nai uchini. |
ない限り 医師に止められない限り、やめられないよ 国に帰らない限り、母のおいしい料理は食べられない。 |
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N ならでは |
express that something is specific to something, a unique trait ふとんで寝られるのは旅館ならではね。 さくらの下でお酒を飲みながら花見をするのは、日本ならではの習慣だ。 |
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if not, can at least do... if this is out of the question, unrealistic etc. then at the very least.. |
ないまでも、せめて 海外旅行とは言わないまでも、せめて国内旅行には行きたい |
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rather than, contrary too. when the result is the opposite of the speakers expectation which is based on general knowledge. |
statement, かえって contrary result やすい車を買ったら、何回も壊れてしまい、かえってお金がかかった。 |
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before u know it , change occures. grammar form of いつの間にか this is regardless of wether u want the change or not, or whether u expected it or not |
~うちに 本を読んでいるうちに、いつの間にか寝てしまった 毎日書いているうちにきっと上手になる。 毎日ニュースを見続けているうちに、社会問題に詳しくなってきた。 |
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when u think the noun does it in his or her way aside from what others think |
Nなりに 子供は子供なりに考えているはずなので、起こる前に理由を聞くべき。 山田さんはいつも元気で、悩みがなさそうだね そんなことないよ。私なりに悩むこともあるよ |
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to be particular about something have strict rules about something |
N にこだわる うん。服装にこだわる人だから、おしゃれだよね |
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doesnt even try to do anything at all |
verb masu stem もしない(de) suru is just noun mo shinai 母は私の話を聞きもしないで、起こり続けた。 何かについてを文句を言うが自分ではやりもしない。 Expressions. 思いつきもしなかった。i never would hve thought... 考えもしなかった |
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can cannot possibly |
eru enai eru means there is a chance enai means there is no chance. cannot be used with ability. |
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wake ga nai vs hazu ga nai |
hazu ga nai is based on reasoning wake ga nai is when you deny something without evidence or reasoning. noun no or na wake ga nai na adj na wake ga nai |
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whether its A or B i dont really know. but it could be very close to either |
verb ka verb nai ka. often used with verb ka verb nai ka no noun |
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even if this or we assume this... this |
to shitemo can use with past tense i.e v ta to shitemo even if u did this. or noun da to shitemo |
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to the extent that. simikar to hodo |
kurai namida ga deru kurai ureshikatta 日本での留学生活は楽しくて自国したくないくらい楽しい。 |
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similar to iku kuru to meaning but new grammar |
tsu tsu aru verb masu stem used with joujou dandan shidai |
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formal expression of toki |
sai ni |
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cant be helped |
te shou ga nai with verbs adj often used with youda or rashi when refering to viewing others |
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the reason is because of what was said before. emphasized |
karakoso |
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rather. part a rather part b |
mushiro x yori mo mushiro x to iu yori mo mushiro y y is more appropriate description. the speakers states his opinion which is different from the general opinion mentioned before |
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N to douji ni |
as well, at the same time. kibishi to douji ni yasashi tokoromo aru ie ni kaeru to douji ni ame ga furihajimeta |
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adj koto ni |
. |
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N ni oite |
a place situation ttime that things take place. almost the same as de but more formal. i.e place de. |
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masa ni |
there is without doubt. |
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verb kotoda |
should must do give advice or order |
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Regardless of Noun.. |
Noun ni kakawarazu, Noun must be within a certain range of nouns. |
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The number or percentage is low and you want to express that. |
Noun (percentage or number) ni todomaru |
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To account for. I.e american students account for 50% of our income. |
Noun wo shimeru |
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Noun hodo |
駅に近いアパートほど、人気がある 学生が多い街ほど、安い場所がある Remember you dont use te iku, ku naru etc ending as its a statement not something that is changing. |
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I wonder if.. its because.. guess. |
Sentence standard dic form plus noka, 何か大きなイベントがあるのか、今日の電車は人が多い。 |
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When you have reached a number. Or reached someones expectations etc. |
N に達する |
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Meaning I won't. Expresses strong volition of not doing something. Old saying |
Verb まい もう二度とこの店にくるまい |
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After, finally, at last. When used with verb the subject must be the same. |
Nのすえに Vたすえに いろいろどれぐらいを買おうか迷ったすえ、少し高いのにした。 |
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Even... expressing suprise |
Nまで Remember N + particle + made is used. Only with de and ni ええ。ペットの犬にまでブランドの服着せていたから、びっくりした。 |
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Whatever/whichever N Whether A or B |
N であれ N1であれ、N2であれ、 どんな人であれ、 雨であれ、曇であれ。。 |
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Express you cant do something. It cannot be used to describe one's inability or unavailability of something. It is diffficult to do something even if you try to do so Formal |
V masu stem kaneru You cannot say 勉強したことがないので、フランス語を話しかねる X パソコンが壊れているので、インターネットを使いかねる X その質問にはお返事しかねる。 私ではわかりかねるので、先生を呼びます。 |
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A negative thing is likely/might/could to. Considering past behaviour of thr person or group. Formal. |
V masu kanenai 最近働きすぎですよ。病気になりかねませんよ。 トムなら言いかねないね。i.e its bad but tom will probably say it. |
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Even though, although. |
Verb masu nagara Noun de ari nagara Na adj ii adj |
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Aside from. Tomokaku to onaji |
Noun はさておくとして|さておき 冗談はさておくとして、そろそろ始めましょ。 Ok putting jokes aside, lets begin Putting looks aside that shop sells delicious food. 見た目はさておくとして、この店の食べ物はおいしいですよ。
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Either way, in any way, regardless. |
Wherever we eat, we need to eat.. You have to do it regardless, so do it now Even if he says hes late. He should come regardless. いずれにしても どっちにしても |
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If A happens. B will happen It is considered to be.. e.g. working at home was considered to be a womans job |
N to suru 二回遅刻したら、欠席とするって言ってたよ 昔は子供の世話をするのは女性の仕事とされていた。 |
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What about this |
Noun demo Keki demo tabetai |
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Although they all get lumped together as.. there are a this this.. etc |
N to ittemo Na A to ittemo 一口に音楽といっても、ロック、ジャズ、ポップなどいろいろな種類がある |
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Even though you say. Its technically classified as this. I.e even tho its a date, its only going to starbucks. The degree of X is not as big as the noun suggests |
N to ittemo Na adj to ittemo デートといっても、歩いて十分の近くの公園だよ |
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tend to do |
がち stem がち N gachi using gachi as adj it takes na |
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To change depending on. But is expected to change. Unlike Ni yotte, which is simply making a statement about something. This is more stating that things will change depnding on something. E.g. like work hours or w.e |
N に応じて oujite N1 に応じて N2 労働時間に応じて給料が支払う |
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Equal to the amount in part A |
Ta bun (dake) Na adj bun (dake) N no bun (dake) 月によって違うよ、使った分だけ払うことになっているから |
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It doesnt go past being. Its only this. It doesnt develop past this.. |
naAdj である にすぎない N (である) にすぎない verb is any ｃｏｎｊｕｇａｔｉｏｎ |
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When you are in the process of doing something. For an aim. You should.. I.E whats necessary to do comes in second sentence. |
Nのうえで standard V 寮を選ぶうえで注意すべきことの一つは。。。 |
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After successfully doing something, and succeeding to the next step. Then do this |
Vta uede Noun no ue de. 両親を相談した上で。。 合格した上で。。進学 |
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Given the circumstances that. You should do this |
N de aru ijou Na adj de aru ijou Standard V ペットを買う以上、一生責任を持って世話するつもり。 Often goes with. Hou ga ii, beki, tsumori, tai |
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About to happen/almost happened but was narrowly avoided, when talking about the past |
Verb masu stem. Sou ni naru. /sou ni natta. Often used with adverbs like ayauku barely narrowly. The train was delayed. そのせいで、あやうく遅刻しそうになった。 NOTE cannot be a situation that the speaker can control. I.e like tokoroga. |
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Old form of nai |
Verb koto nakare |
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No way to, cant do even if u wanted to do. Expresses a feeling of helplessness. |
Verb masu, you ga nai. |
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As soon as I did this/ this happened. This unexpected thing occured |
Verb standard nari, the speaker cannot be the subject of Y, thr unexpected action. Y always appears in past tense and can not reference a future unexpected action. As soon as I opened the door, she turned into flames. |
