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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what kind of proteins do mitochondrial chromosomes encode for?
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tRNAs and rRNAs.
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because mitochondrial genome is haploid (having only a contribution from the mother) mitochondrial DNA types are termed...
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haplotypes
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at a low frequency, changes in DNA sequence occur thru...
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replication errors, exposure to mutagens, and oxidizing conditions
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DNA sequence changes (mutations carried while moving) effectively "label" each group, referred to as...
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haplogroups
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the process of amplifying a small region for DNA sequence analysis
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polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
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the small region of DNA sequence chosen contains what?
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one of the origins of DNA replication (Ori H) and two start sites for transcription (heavy strand promoter, HSP and light strand promoter, LSP).
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how is DNA easily isolated from cells?
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by disrupting cell wall (heat)
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enzymes that degrade DNA
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DNases
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enzymes that degrade DNA require this as a cofactor, so we will use this to tightly bind all this in the extract and prevent DNA degradation
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Mg2+ and Chelex
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what do you provide to DNA polymerase to use to amplify a specific region?
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two pre-made oligonucleotides, called primers.
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where do you get the DNA polymerase for PCR? (isolated from...?)
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a heat-resistant bacteria (Thermus aquaticus: Taq Polymerase).
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third primer
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sequencing primer, for sequencing which increases specificity of product by annealing to a region internal to what was amplified.
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