Ls1 Chapt. 29

Front 1

Eukarya

Back 1

single-celled organisms that are the size of bacteria to sequoia trees and blue whales. Largest most morphologically complex organisms on the tree

Front 2

protist

Back 2

refers to all eukaryotes that are not green plants, fungi, or animals

Front 3

paraphyletic group

Back 3

they represent some, but not all, of the descendants of single common ancestor

Front 4

primary producers

Back 4

species that produce chemical energy by using photosynthesis to produce chem. nrg to grow and reproduce via sunlight

Front 5

plankton

Back 5

small organisms that live near the surface of oceans or lakes and that drift along or swim only short distances

Front 6

phyloplankton

Back 6

photosynthetic species of plankton

Front 7

food chain

Back 7

nutritional relationships among organisms

Front 8

global carbon cycle

Back 8

the movement of C atoms from CO2 molecules into the atmosphere to organisms in the soil or the ocean, and then back to the atmosphere

Front 9

flagellum

Back 9

organelles that project from the cell and whip back and forth to produce swimming movements

Front 10

synapomorphies

Back 10

shared, derived traits that distinguish major monophyletic groups

Front 11

direct sequencing

Back 11

based on collecting organisms from a habitat and analyzing the DNA sequence of specific genes without growing large populations of individuals in laboratory cultures

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endosymbiosis theory

Back 12

proposes that mitochondria originated when a bacterial cell took up residence inside a eukaryote 2bya.

Front 13

symbiosis

Back 13

individuals of 2 different species live in physical contact

Front 14

endosymbiosis

Back 14

when an organism of one species lives inside an organism of another species

Front 15

test or shell

Back 15

hard external structures that provides and supports cell

Front 16

multicellularity

Back 16

individuals that have multiple cells

Front 17

pseudopodia

Back 17

"false feet"; finger-like projections used for swallowing prey

Front 18

decomposer

Back 18

organism that feeds on dead organic matter (detritus)

Front 19

detritus

Back 19

dead organic matter

Front 20

parasite

Back 20

absorptive species that causes damage in host

Front 21

ameoboid motion

Back 21

sliding movement observed in some protists. Pseudopodia stream forward over a substrate, with the rest of organelles following behind it

Front 22

fertilization

Back 22

fusion of two gametes to form a diploid zygote

Front 23

alteration of generations

Back 23

alteration of multicellular haploid and diploid forms in protists

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gametophyte

Back 24

multicellular haploid because specialized cells in this individual produces gametes by mitosis

Front 25

sporophyte

Back 25

multicellular diploid form because it has specialized cells that undergo meiosis to produce haploid cells called spores

Front 26

spore

Back 26

single cell that develops into an adult organism but is not a product of fusion by gametes