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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Theory
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an explanation for a very general class of phenomena or observations
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prediction
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something that can be measured and that must be correct of a hypothesis is valid
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cell
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a highly organized compartment that is bounded by a thin, flexible structure called a plasma membrane and that contains concentrated chemicals in an aqueous solution
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Cell theory
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all organisms are made of cells and all cells come from preexisting cells
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hypothesis
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a proposed explanation
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Evolution
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species are not independent and unchanging entities, but are related to one another and can change through time. Occurs to a population
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Natural Selection
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explains how evolution occurs. Occurs to an individual
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heritable
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traits that can be passed on to offspring
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population
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a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area at the same time.
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fitness
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the ability of an individual to produce offspring
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adaptation
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a trait that increases the fitness of an individual in a particular environment
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speciation
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when natural selection caused populations of one species to diverge and form new species
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tree of life
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a family tree of organisms
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taxonomy
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the effort to name and classify organisms
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genus (genera)
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made up of a closely related group of species
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species
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made up of individuals that regularly breed together or have characteristics that are distinct from those of another species
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binomial nomenclature
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two part naming system created by linnaeus
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taxon
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each of the named groups (KPCOFGS)
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eukaryotes
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organisms with a nucleus
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prokaryotes
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organisms without a nucleus
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phylogeny
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"tribe-source"
their actual genealogical relationships |
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phylodenetic tree
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a diagram that depicts evolutionary history. shows the relationships between species. closer branches mean species are closely related and vice versa
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domain
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a taxonomic level created by Woese
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null hypothesis
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specifies what we should observe when the hypothesis being tested doesn't hold
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