Ls 1 - Demo 5

Front 1

alternation of generations

Back 1

plants and algae have alternating diploid and haploid generations

Front 2

sporophyte

Back 2

multicellular diploid generation

Front 3

gametophyte

Back 3

multicellular haploid generation

Front 4

how do sporophytes reproduce?

Back 4

sporophyte produces spores, which divide mitotically to produce a gametophyte which produces haploid gametes that form a sporophyte zygote

Front 5

fundamental alternation of generations same in all

Back 5

macroalgae and land plants

Front 6

spores

Back 6

haploid cells produced by sporophyte

Front 7

3 groups of algae

Back 7

stramenopiles
rhodophyta
chlorophyta

Front 8

stramenopiles

Back 8

monophyletic group where members of the group have a flagellum covered with distinctive hollow hairs at some point in the life cycle

Front 9

2 common groups of stramenopiles

Back 9

diatoms
phaeophyta (brown algae)

Front 10

carotenoid

Back 10

members of stramenopiles have it
accessory photosynthetic pigments which contribute to their yellow or brownish color

Front 11

rhodophyta

Back 11

red algae

Front 12

phycobilins

Back 12

pigments that contribute to rhodophyta's pink or red color

Front 13

chlorophyta

Back 13

green algae

Front 14

embryophytes

Back 14

Kingdom Plantae
land plants

Front 15

first to colonize terrestrial environments

Back 15

mosses called liverworts

Front 16

cuticle

Back 16

waxy cover that slows desiccation

Front 17

gametangia

Back 17

an organ or cell in which gametes are produced

Front 18

embryos

Back 18

young sporophytes drawing nutrition fromt he mother plant

Front 19

spore walls

Back 19

protects spores

Front 20

mutualistic association with fungi

Back 20

aids in nutrient uptake from the substrate

Front 21

when did algae-like plants first colonize the land?

Back 21

early paleozoic area, probably around 460 million years ago

Front 22

mosses lack

Back 22

vascular tissue and hard material found embedded in cell walls

Front 23

ferns

Back 23

most diverse of four phyla of seedless vasuclar plants

Front 24

ferns have developed

Back 24

vascular system (with xylem to transport water and minerals and phloem to transport products of photosynthesis)
cuticle
belowground anchoring
water absorbing systems
aerial photosynthtic structures
lignin (hard chemical in cell wall)

Front 25

legacy of domination of ferns

Back 25

coal deposits of Eurasia and N. America

Front 26

greatest diversity of ferns in

Back 26

the tropics, but they can form a dominant component of understory flora of temperate forests

Front 27

fern life cycle: which is larger (sporophyte or gametophyte)

Back 27

sporophyte

reproductive organs are gathered in clusters on the undersides of leaves

gametophyte is free-living

Front 28

moss life cycle: which is lager (sporophyte or gametophyte)

Back 28

gametophyte

sporophyte is dependent

Front 29

antheridium

Back 29

structure where small, motile male gametes are produced

Front 30

archegonium

Back 30

structure in which larger, non-motile female gametes are produced

Front 31

stomata

Back 31

specialized pores on the underside of the fern leaf

Front 32

pore

Back 32

the space between two guard cells

pressure can be altered to allow stoma to open or close

Front 33

ovule

Back 33

female gametophyte with egg

Front 34

pollen grain

Back 34

miniature male gametophyte enclosed within waxy spore wall

Front 35

seed

Back 35

egg fertilized to form zygote package

Front 36

conifers

Back 36

gymnosperms belonging to the largest group of cone-bearing trees

Front 37

pollen tube

Back 37

slender extension delivering sperm near egg

Front 38

angiosperms

Back 38

male and female gametes produced within flowers

Front 39

outer parts of angiosperms

Back 39

sepals and petals

Front 40

stamens

Back 40

pollen-producing structures consisting of stalk (filament) and another (containing pollen grain)

Front 41

pistil

Back 41

female reproductive structure with ovary enclosing an ovule, a cylindrical style and a sticy stigma tip

Front 42

double fertilization

Back 42

one sperm fertilizes the egg forming a diploid zygote and other sperm cell unites with two other nuclei forming a triploid structure called endosperm

Front 43

endosperm

Back 43

functions as food reserve for developing embryo

Front 44

disk flowers/central flowers

Back 44

radially symmetrical and usually bisexual

Front 45

marginal flowers/ ray flowers

Back 45

one side distended into a petal-like structure and usually only contain pistils

Front 46

pollination syndrome

Back 46

coevolved relationship between plant and animal groups