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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The spinal root origins of Lumbar Plexus: |
L1-L4 Ventral Rami |
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Within which muscle does the lumbar plexus originate? |
Psoas major |
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Lumbar plexus innervates... (general) |
anterior and medial thigh |
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Important branches of lumbar plexus |
-Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh -Femoral nerve -Obturator nerve |
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Origins of Sacral plexus |
L4-S4 Ventral rami |
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Where is the sacral plexus formed? |
Anterior to piriformis (posterolateral wall of pelvic cavity) |
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Through what structure do the sacral plexus branches to the lower limb pass through? |
Greater sciatic foramen |
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Important branches of the sacral plexus |
-Superior gluteal nerve -Sciatic (tibial + common fibular nn.) -Inferior gluteal nerve |
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Origins of femoral nerve |
L2-L4 |
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Which muscles does the femoral nerve supply? |
SPI on the Quads -Sartorius -Pectineus -Iliacus -Quadriceps |
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What supplies psoas major? |
Direct branches from lumbar plexus |
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Between which muscles does the femoral nerve descend? |
Psoas major and iliacus |
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Is femoral nerve lateral or medial to the femoral artery? |
Lateral |
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Where does the femoral nerve branch into its motor and cutaneous branches? |
About 3cm below the inguinal ligament |
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What is the terminal branch of the femoral nerve called, and where does it become this? |
Saphenous nerve, and at adductor canal |
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What does the femoral nerve supply cutaneously? |
Skin of: -anterior thigh -medial thigh -medial leg and foot (saphenous br.) |
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What are the signs of femoral nerve lesion? |
-Loss of knee extension -weak hip flexion -atrophy of anterior thigh mm. -sensory loss in cutaneous distribution |
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What can cause femoral nerve lesions? |
-Abdomen: retroperitoneal tumours or haemorrhage -Femoral triangle: direct trauma |
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Obturator nerve originates from: |
L2-L4 ventral rami |
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Through what structure does the obturator nerve pass? |
Obturator canal |
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When obturator nerve splits into anterior and posterior branches, which muscle does it effectively straddle? |
Adductor brevis |
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What muscles does the obturator nerve supply? |
AGOx -all 3 Adductors -Gracilis -Obturator externus |
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What does the obturator nerve supply cutaneously? |
Skin of medial thigh |
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Is obturator nerve lesion common? |
No |
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Signs of obturator nerve lesion? |
-Inability to adduct hip -atrophy of medial thigh mm. |
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Is there usually a loss of cutaneous sensation with obturator nerve lesion? Why/why not? |
No, due to overlap by adjacent nerves |
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What could cause obturator nerve lesion? |
Direct trauma during childbirth, anterior hip dislocation, rare obturator hernia |
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What does obturator nerve entrapment cause? |
medial thigh pain |
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Gait change in someone with obturator nerve lesion? |
Wide-based, circumducting gait |
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Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of Thigh origin |
L2-L3 ventral rami |
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Course? |
Emerges laterally to psoas, crosses iliacus, passes under/through inguinal ligament. |
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What anatomical landmark of the hip is LCN close to? |
ASIS (common site of lesion) |
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Obviously, LCN supplies... |
Skin of lateral thigh |
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What does a LCN nerve lesion result in? |
Sensory impairment in skin of lateral thigh |
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What can compression of LCN result in? |
Pain and paraesthesia --> meralgia paraesthetica |
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Superior Gluteal Nerve origin |
L4-S1 |
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What muscles does SGN supply? |
Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Tensor fasciae latae |
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SGN = sandwiched between... |
Glut medius and glut minimus |
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Is SGN above or below piriformis? |
Above |
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Through what structure does SGN pass? |
Greater sciatic foramen |
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What happens in SGN nerve lesion? |
Weak hip abduction and medial rotation |
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Anterior thigh compartment nerve supply |
Femoral nerve |
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Femoral nerve test |
Knee extension |
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Femoral nerve reflex |
Patellar reflex |
