Lower Body Anatomy

Front 1

Hip Joint

Back 1

Head of Femur and acetabulum
Acetabular Femoral joint

Front 2

Pelvic Girdle

Back 2

Sacrum, coccyx, pelvic girdle

Front 3

Function of the Pelvis

Back 3

-Supports trunk of the body
-provides attachments for lower limbs
-provides protection for bladder, reproductive organs, distal large intestine

Front 4

Pelvic bones

Back 4

-Ilium
-Ischium
-Pubis

Front 5

5 Spines of the Pelvis

Back 5

Posterior superior iliac spine
Posterior inferior iliac spine
Anterior superior iliac spine
Anterior inferior iliac spine

Front 6

Articulations of the Pelvic Girdle

Back 6

-Symphysis Pubis
-Sacroiliac Joint

Front 7

Hip Ligaments

Back 7

-Iliofemoral
-Pubisfemoral
-Ischiofemoral
-Teres Femoris

Front 8

Pelvis/Hip movements

Back 8

-Anterior/Posterior tilt
-Hip aBduction
-Hip adduction
-Internal/External Rotation

Front 9

Acetabular Femoral Movements

Back 9

-Hip flexion
-Hip extension
-Hip aBduction
-Hip adduction
-Internal/External rotation

Front 10

Iliopsoas (iliacus+ psoas major) (hip flexor)

Back 10

O: Anterior surface of ilium and base of sacrum
O: T12 and L1-L5 bodies and tranverse process/disks
I: Lesser trochanter and medial border of shaft
MOVEMENTS
flexion, external rotation, hip adduction, anterior pelic tilt

Front 11

Sartorius (tailors muscle)

Back 11

O: ASIS and upper half of notch
I: Anterior and medial surface of tibia, just below condyle
MOVEMENTS
flexion of hip, external rotation, flexion of knee, anterior pelvic tilt

Front 12

Tensor Fasciae Latea (crosses hip and knee joint)

Back 12

O: anterior part of outer lip of iliac crest and outer surface of ASIS
I: iliotibial of fascia lata onlatero anterior aspect of thigh, about 1/3 of the way down
MOVEMENTS
aBduction of hip, flexion of hip, anterior pelvic tilt

Front 13

Pectineus Muscle

Back 13

MOVEMENTS
external rotation, adduction, flexion

Front 14

Gluteus Maximus Muscle

Back 14

O: Posterior gluteal line of ilium and adjacent portion of crest; posterior surface pf lower part of sacrum and side of coccyx
I: Posterior surface of femur on ridge below greater trochanter; iliotibial tract of fascia lata
Movements
Extension of hip, External rotation of femur, Lower fiber adduction, Upper fibers assist in aBduction, Posterior pelvic tilt

Front 15

Gluteus Medius Muscle

Back 15

aBduction of hip, assist w/internal rotation of femur, assist/external rotation of femur, lateral pelvic tilt to the ipsolateral side

Front 16

Gluteus minimus

Back 16

Movements
Internal rotation of femur, aBduction of hip, Lateral Pelvic tilt to ipsolateral side

Front 17

Six Deep External Rotator muscles

Back 17

External rotation of HIp

Front 18

Movements of the knee

Back 18

Extension
Flexion
External rotation
Internal rotation

Front 19

Rectus Femoris Muscle

Back 19

O: AIIS of patella and groove above brim of acetabulum
I: Base of patella as part of the quadriceps femoris tendon
Movements
Flexion
Extension
Anterior pelvic TIlt

Front 20

Vastus Lateralis Muscle

Back 20

O: Upper part of intertrochanter line; attached to the base of patella and by means of patellla ligament to tuberosity of tibia
I: Quadriceps femoris tendon, attached to the base of patella and by means of patellar ligament to tuberosity of tibia
Movement
Extension of knee

Front 21

Vastus Intermedius Mucle

Back 21

O: Anterior and lateral surface of upper 2/3 of shaft of femur
I: Quadriceps femoris tendon , attached to the base of patella and by means of part ligamenent
Movement
Knee extension

Front 22

Vastus Medialis Muscle

Back 22

O: half of intertrochanter line: medial lip of linea aspera: upper part of medialis
I: Quadriceps femoris tendon, attached to the base of patella and by means of patellar ligament
Movement
Knee Extension

Front 23

Gracilis Muscle

Back 23

Movement
addduction of hip
Internal rotation of femur
assists with flexor of hip
waek flexion of knee

Front 24

Adductor Brevis Muscle

Back 24

Movement
adductor of hip
External rotation of femur
assists in flexion of hip

Front 25

Adductor Longus Muscle

Back 25

Movement
Adduction of hip
External rotation of femur
assists in flexion of hip

Front 26

Adductor Magnus Muscle

Back 26

Movement
Adduction of hip
External rotation of femur (upper muscles)
Extension of hip (upper portion)
Internal rotation of femur
Hip Flexion

Front 27

Semitendinosus Muscle (Hamstrings)

Back 27

O: Lateral and medial impression on ischial tuberosity with biceps femoris
I: upper part of medial surface of tibia
Movements
Flexion of hip
Internal rotation of hip
Internal rotation of flexed knee
Posterior pelvic tilt

Front 28

Semimembranosis Muscle (Hamstrings)

Back 28

O: Upper and lateral impression on ischial tuberosity
I: Horizontal groove on posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
Movements
Flexion of knee
Extension of hip
Internal rotation of hip
Internal rotation of flexed knee
Posterior pelvic tilt

Front 29

Bicep Femoris Muscle (Hamstrings)

Back 29

O: long head: Lower and medial impression on ischial tuberosity; Short Head: Lateral lip of linea aspera
I: Lateral side of head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
Movements
Flexion of knee
Extension of hip
External rotation of hip
External rotation of flexed knee
Posterior pelvic tilt

Front 30

Popliteus Muscle (Hamstrings)

Back 30

Movement
Flexion of knee
Internal rotation of flexed knee

Front 31

Joints of Ankle

Back 31

Talocrural Joint-joint between distal tibia and fibula with talus (hinge joint)
Subtalar Joint- between talus and calcaneus (gliding joint)

Front 32

Ankle ligaments

Back 32

Deltoid (medal), very stong together
Lateral Collateral Ligaments

Front 33

Movements of Ankle

Back 33

Inversion
Eversion
Dorsiflexion
Plantar flexion
Pronation
Supination

Front 34

Gastocnemius Muscle (crosses the knee & ankle joint)

Back 34

O: Posterior surface of each femoral condyle and adjacent parts by two seperate heads
I: Posterior aspect or calcaneus by means of calcaneal tendon (achilles tendon)
Movement
Plantar flexion of the ankle
Flexion of knee

Front 35

Soleus Muscle

Back 35

O: Posterior surface of head of fibula and upper 2/3 of shaft; popliteal line and medial border or middle 1/3 tibia
I: Posterior surface of calcaneus of means of calcaneus tendon (achilles tendon)
Movement
Plantar flexion

Front 36

Tibialis Anterior Muscle

Back 36

O: Lateral condyle upper 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia
I: Plantal surface of base of first metatarsal and medial surface of first cuneiform
Movement
Dorsiflexion (primarily)
Inversion of the foot