Logic Test 1

Front 1

inference = arguement, t/f?

Back 1

false

Front 2

A group of statements that purports to shed light on some event of phenomenom

Back 2

explanation

Front 3

the process of reasoning in going from premise to conclusion

Back 3

inference

Front 4

if__1__, then __2__

Back 4

1 = antecedent, 2 = consequent

Front 5

necessary condition

Back 5

must be in place, but doestn't get job done by itself (~consequent in if/then)

Front 6

sufficient condition

Back 6

gets job done (~consequent in if/then)

Front 7

an arguement that claims it is impossible for conclusion to be false given truth of premises

Back 7

deductive arguement

Front 8

____ arguements may be in form of mathematics, definitions, of categorical syllogisms

Back 8

deductive

Front 9

____ arguements may be in form of predictions, analogy, generalizations, or authority

Back 9

inductive

Front 10

valid deductive arguement

Back 10

it is impossible for conclusion to be false given premises are true

Front 11

sound deducitve arguement

Back 11

arguement is valid AND premises are actually true

Front 12

strong inductive arguement

Back 12

it is unlikely that conclusion is false given that premises are true

Front 13

cogent inductive arguement

Back 13

arguement is strong AND premises are actually true

Front 14

some

Back 14

at least 1

Front 15

vague

Back 15

borderline/imprecise, unclear if term applies, eg bald, rich, poor

Front 16

ambiguous

Back 16

more than 1 meaning, eg: art

Front 17

sorites

Back 17

paradox where you cannot tell exact amound will make something happen, eg: how many dollars will make you rich?

Front 18

intentional cognitive meaning

Back 18

connotation, tell quantity or attributes

Front 19

extential cognitive meaning

Back 19

denotation: all objects that a term refers to, members of the class of the term

Front 20

stipulative

Back 20

assigned meaning to a term

Front 21

lexical

Back 21

meaning a term has in a language

Front 22

persuasive

Back 22

"begging the question"

Front 23

ostensive

Back 23

by pointing to members of a term, eg in learning as a child and translating words

Front 24

~

Back 24

not or negation directly to right

Front 25

.

Back 25

and,also,moreover: conjunction

Front 26

V

Back 26

or: disjunction

Front 27

>

Back 27

if antacedent then consequent: implication

Front 28

=

Back 28

if and only with: equivalence

Front 29

modus ponens

Back 29

p>q
p
q

Front 30

modus tollens

Back 30

p>q
~q
~p

Front 31

hypothetical syllogism

Back 31

p>q
q>r
p>r

Front 32

disjunctive syllogism

Back 32

pVq
~p
q

Front 33

constructive dilemma

Back 33

(p>q).(r>s)
pVr
qVs

Front 34

simplification

Back 34

p.q
p

Front 35

conjunction

Back 35

p
q
p>q

Front 36

addition

Back 36

p
pVq