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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Argument |
series of statements one or more of which supports a conclusion |
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Statement |
a sentence w/ truth value -something you can verify, corresponds with facts
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Sentence without truth value |
a question, suggestions, commands. exclamations
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Syllogisms |
1)Premise 2)Premise ___________________ Conclusions
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Conditional Statement |
If.....Then.... sentences |
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Surplussage |
Sentences that dont provide evidence to support the conclusion/thesis |
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Categories of non arguments |
1)Warning 2)Opinion 3)Advice 4)Loosely associated statements-about same subject but they lack claim 5)Report
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Expository Passages |
-explaining but not trying to convince you -When someone already agrees with the thesis -Not an argument |
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Conditional Statements that stand alone |
-If(antecedent)........then(Consequent) non argument |
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1)Sufficient vs 2)Necessary condition |
1)It is enough 2) It is needed -This occurs with conditional statements |
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Deduction |
-If premises are true and the conclusion is true then impossible for conclusion to be false |
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Induction |
never absolutely true, more or less probable |
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Deductive argument forms |
1)argument based on math 2)Argument from definition 3)Syllogisms
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Deductive syllogisms |
a) Hypothetical- contain one or more "if...then..." statement b)Disjunctive- have an "either....or..." proposition c)Categorical-Usually begins with all, no, or some |
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Inductive argument forms |
1)Prediction 2) Argument from Analogy 3)Generalization 4)Argument from authority-bc expert said it 5)Argument from signs-(road maps) 6)Causal inference-
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Validity |
-if premises are true and conclusion follows necessarily=valid deductive argument -truth not same as validity
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Soundness |
-true premises and also valid -Only applies to deductive arguments |
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Strength vs Weakness |
-the inductive version of soundness
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Cogent argument |
- A inductive argument -All premises are true and is a strong argument |
