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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the defintion of density? |
- the compactness or thickness of a substance - mass contained within a unit volume - in seawater density is a function of salinity/temp/pressure |
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What is the defintion of drag? |
- resistance to movement |
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What are the two components of drag? |
- Intertial/pressure drag - Viscous/frictional drag |
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What is the defintion of intertial or pressure drag? |
- when water must be pushed out of the way and then moved back into place behind the object - a function of: velocity & the measure of cross-sectional area of the object |
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What does pressure drag look like on different body shapes? |
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What is viscous or frictional drag dependent on? |
- the rate at which the fluid is distorted - velocity of the moving object - surface area of the moving object - the flow within the boundary later |
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What are two different types of flow? |
- laminar (smooth) flow - turbulent flow |
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Is the cost of swimming high? |
Extremely |
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What increase of power does doubling your speed require? |
An eightfold increase |
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Which swims more easily: a rigid vehicle or a fish? |
A rigid vehicle because the caudal fins and the body of the fish require more energy |
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What is Reynold's number (Re)? |
A dimensionless number that predicts the flow type of the boundary layer - It's a function of the length and speed of an object |
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When does turbulent flow begin? |
When Re exceeds 10^6 |
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What is special about the castor oilfish? |
Its scales on its turbulent boundary layer are set up in a way that prevent the turbulent force from building up towards the end of its body (which would increase the drag) |
