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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hexamethonium drug type
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ganglionic blocker
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Tubocurarine (curare) drug type
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non-depolarizing neuromuscular junction blockers
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hexamethonium side effects
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orthostatic hypotension
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hexamethonium uses?
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severe hypertension (though not used clinically)
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Tubocurarine MOA
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"long half life; prevents depolarization by acetylcholine at Neuromuscular junction -->s
causes flaccid paralysiss Prolonged relaxation for surgerys Histamine release --> leads to HYPOTENSION " |
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hexamethonium drug type
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ganglionic blocker
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Tubocurarine (curare) drug type
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non-depolarizing neuromuscular junction blockers
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hexamethonium side effects
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orthostatic hypotension
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hexamethonium uses?
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severe hypertension (though not used clinically)
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Tubocurarine MOA
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long half life; prevents depolarization by acetylcholine at Neuromuscular junction -->
causes flaccid paralysiss Prolonged relaxation for surgerys Histamine release --> leads to HYPOTENSION Competitive blockade of Ach receptors, makes EPP lower than threshold for muscle action potential |
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Tubocurarine derived from?
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Isoquninoline
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Tubocurarine uses
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Prolonged relaxation for surgical purposes
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Tubocurarine adverse effects
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Some ganglionic blockade
Releases histamine from mast cells (→ flushing, edema, erythema, hypotension, tachycardia) |
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Tubocurarine clearance
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renal
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Pancuronium drug type
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non-depolarizing neuromuscular junction blockers; steroid derivative
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Pancuronium MOA
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Nondepolarizing block:
Competitive blockade of Ach receptors, makes Extracellular electric Potential (EEP) lower than threshold for muscle action potential |
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Atracuronium drug type & MoA
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non-depolarizing neuromuscular junction blockers; Isoquinoline derivative
Nondepolarizing block: Competitive blockade of Ach receptors, makes EPP lower than threshold for muscle action potential |
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Vercuronium drug type & moa
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non-depolarizing neuromuscular junction blockers Steroid derivative
Nondepolarizing block: Competitive blockade of Ach receptors, makes EPP lower than threshold for muscle action potential |
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Rocuronium drug type & moa
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non-depolarizing neuromuscular junction blockers
Competitive Antagonist!! With rapid onset! |
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Rocuronium clearnace
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liver
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Succinylcholine drug type &moa
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IRREVERSIBLE!!! DEPOLARIZING neuromuscular junction blockers
Partial agonist of Ach receptors, keeps endplate partially depolarized so sodium channels inactivated; Initial: transient contractions (fasiculations) Later: prolonged flaccid paralysis |
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edrophonium drug type & moa
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Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
a. Indirect cholinergic agonist b. Enhance cholinergic tone & end organ parasympathetically at both ---> NO IMPACT ON CNS b/c positively charged |
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edrophonium uses
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Diagnosis & acute treatment of Myasthenia Gravis
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succinylcholine adverse effects
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TAKE A HISTORY!!! IF PATIENT WAS ON RESPIRATOR LONGER THAN USUAL, COULD HAVE PROBLEM W/ CHOLINESTERASE & THEREFORE HAVE NO REVERSAL FOR SUCCINYL CHOLINE!!!
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edrophonium metabolism
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esterases
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donepezil drug type & MOA
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Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
CNS selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor --> for alzheimers |
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Donepezil pharmacology
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LONG HALF LIFE - 3 DAYS!
Metabolized by CYP2D6 & CYP3A4 extensively plasma protein bound |
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galantamine drug type & MOA
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Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Half life - 7 hours; CNS selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor --> alzheimers |
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physostigmine drug type moa and uses
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REVERSIBLE Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Carbamate (reversible); also a positive allosteric modulator of Ach action at nicotinic receptors Treatment of atropine poisoning & glaucoma (but rarely used) |
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rivastigmine drug typ, moa, and uses
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REVERSIBLE Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
Carbamate (reversible); CNS selective improve cognitive function in alzheimers |
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Pralidoxime (2-PAM) moa
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Aceytlcholinesterase Reactivator
nucleophilic reactivator which regenerates the enzyme to its original state… must be used early |
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sarin
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a potent irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme cholinesterase
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rocuronium side effect
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prolonged apnea
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