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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Local anesthetics work by _____.
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blocking impulse conduction along axons
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What are the two groups of local anesthetics?
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Esters
Amides |
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What is commonly combined with a local anesthetic?
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Vasoconstrictor
Epinephrine Delays systemic absorption |
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How are esters broken down?
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Enzymes in blood called esterases
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How are amides broken down?
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Enzymes in liver
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What is the prototype drug for the ester local anesthetics?
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Procaine
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Procaine is a ________.
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Ester type local anesthetic
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What is the prototype for amide local anesthetics?
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Lidocaine
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Cocaine is a ______.
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Ester type local anesthetic
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Cocaine should be given with epinephrine as a local anesthetic.
T or F |
False
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General Anesthetics produce _____ and a lack of _____ to all painful stimuli.
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unconsciousness
responsiveness |
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What are the two groups of General Anesthetics?
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Inhalation
IV |
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How do inhalation anesthetics work?
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Enhancing transmission at inhibitory synapses
Inhibit neuronal nicotinic receptors |
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What is MAC?
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Minimum Alveolar Concentration
low MAC indicates high potency |
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What are the adverse reactions to general anesthetics?
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Malignant Hyperthermia
Increase sensitivity of the heart to catecholamines |
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What is the prototype drug of volatile inhalation anethestics?
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Halothane
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Halothane is a _______.
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Volatile Inhalation anesthetic
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What are adverse reactions of Halothane?
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Hypotension
Malignant Hyperthermia |
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Isoflurane is a ______.
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Volatile Inhalation anesthetic
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Isoflurane is much like ______.
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Halothane
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Laughing gas is known as ____.
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Nitrous Oxide
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Short Acting Barbiurates are used for _____.
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Induction of anesthesia
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Short Acting Barbiutates are known as ____.
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Thiobarbiturates
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What is the prototype Thiobarbiturate?
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Thiopental
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Thiopental is a _____.
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Short Acting Barbiutate
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Thiopental has a ____ onset and a ____ duration.
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rapid
short |
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Ketamine produces a state called "____".
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dissociative anesthesia
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Propofol is a ____.
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sedative-hypnotic used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia
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