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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Power of Law?
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when learning a new skill, learning is the greatest right away and tapers off as you go along
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what is the law of diminishing returns?
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I don't know and I need to look this up. That's right, I still made a notecard about it.
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what is feedback?
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knowledge of the results of a skill
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what is massed practice?
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concetrated, continuous practice
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what is spaced practice?
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practice that is spread over many sessions
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when is massed practice best? Spaced?
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massed is best for the short term, spaced is best for the long term
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what is constant practice/
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practicing a skill over and over again
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what is variable practice?
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practicing in a wide variety of conditions
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what is transfer?
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the ability for a trained skill to transfer to a novel stimulus.
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what is the identical elements theory?
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how much info transfers depends on the number of identical elements
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what is transfer specificity?
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when a skill is restricted to a specific situation
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what is generalizing?
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when a skill will transfer to many different situations
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Can you forget a skill?
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NO!
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what is skill decay?
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the gradual loss of a skill thru non-use
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when is most skill info lost?
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soon after last performance
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what is interesting about skill learning and amensia?
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patients with severe amnesia will not remember the occurance of learning a skill but will be able to perform the skill at a comprable rate as others who've learned the skill
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What does skill learning look like in huntingtons?
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it's mostly problematic with motor skill learning
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what are the 2 main divisions of memory?
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Declaritive/explicit (conscious recall) and non delcaritive/implicit (not conscious
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how does explicit memories break down?
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semantic (facts) and episodic memory (time and date stamped)
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what are the 5 seperations of implicit memory?
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procedural skill learning, priming, classical conditioing, and non-associative learning (habituation and sensitization).
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what are the 3 stages of explicit memories?
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encoding, storage retrieval
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why do mnemonics help us remember?
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they make associations with things in our long term memory
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what is the method of loci?
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if you need to remember things in order, try remembering them as if they were a physical space
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what is the peg word method?
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remembering number of things: 1bun 2 shoe 3tree 4door etc.
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what is free recall?
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when you have to generate info from memory, similar to short answer. more difficult
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what is recognition?
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picking something out from possible options: multiple choice and matching
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what is cued recall?
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given a prompt, ex: word stems
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what is source amensia?
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you remember something or someone but attribute it to the wrong source: EX people who idenitfy the wrong person have usually seen that person before, just not in that context
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what is cryptomnesia?
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remember fact or event and think its your original idea
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How is memory best described?
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reconstructive, not verbatim
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what s the atkinson shiffrin model of memory?
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Environmental input -> sensory memory_(attn)_> STM-reheresal loop/recall, -(rehearsal)-> LTM
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what are 3 types of sensory memory?
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Iconic (visual), Echoic, Haptic (tactile)
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what are the 2 main things STM does with info?
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stores and maintains thru active rehearsal
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what is the capacity for STM?
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7+or-
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how long does something stay in STM if not rehearsed?
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2-30 secs
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what is the difference between STM and LTM?
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STM on maintains info, LTM stores and manipulates it
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what is executive control?
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the actual process of maintaining info
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what are the 2 types of buffers in baddleys model?
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visospatial sketch pad, phonlogical loop
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what does the visospatial sketch pad do?
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holds visual and spatial images
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what does the phonological loop do?
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holds auditory info, maintains auditory info via internal verbal reherseal.
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what does the central executive do?
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mainpulates info in both the VSS and the PL
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are different types of info stored together or seperately in working memory?
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separately
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how do we maintain info in the pl?
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verbal rehearsal.
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how do we know that verbal rehersal is important?
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disruptions in the verbal rehersal show impaired performance on memory tasks
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why might longer words be harder to keep in STM?
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harder to rehearse
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do PL and VSS have the same capacity?
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no, they have seperate capacities
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what does the central executive do?
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provides executive control of STM info: adding removing reorganizing etc.
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what are the 4 tasks the central executive does?
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controled updating of STM (count backwards)
sets goals and planns task switching stimulus reselction and response inhibition (stroop task). |
