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1112 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who was in the money class Merchants
|
bankers
|
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Who stimulated the Renaissance Nobility
|
and merchant class
|
|
besides the nobility and merchant classes
|
who stimulates the Renaissance Leisure
|
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Money performs three jobs
|
name two of them? Measure of value
|
|
In 1936
|
what U.S. bullion depository became the main storehouse for gold reserves? Fort knox
|
|
45. Who was the Confederate army officer who was saved by a coin from a bullet
|
but then died on a submarine Lt. Geo Dixon
|
|
50. Why did the Greeks put a coin under the tongue of a corpse? ? To pay Charon
|
the ferryman to take body over the river Styx to Hades
|
|
56. How much is a 1955 double-image penny worth today? $15
|
000
|
|
Early humans used this as a form of money
|
they exchanged goods barter
|
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When and where was the Medici Bank created? 1397 in Florence
|
Italy
|
|
When the tulip bubble bursts
|
how low was the price of the tulip bulbs 1/20th of the original price
|
|
What were the dominations of the Kirghiz Horse Money "Horses: Main Money
|
Lambskins: Small Change"
|
|
Where was the first mall located Edina
|
MN
|
|
In the middle of 1997 about how many malls were there 37
|
000
|
|
What city did the Mughals come from? Kabul
|
Afghanistan
|
|
What weapons did Babur and his men use to defeat Lodi? Composite bows
|
light cannon
|
|
How many civilians did Akbar's troops slay during the Chittor siege 30
|
000
|
|
What was the Taj Mahal? a tomb for his wife
|
Mumtaz Mahal
|
|
How many men did Babur have compared to Delhi 12
|
000 to 100
|
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What were three things the Mughal Bow was made of? Cow Tendon
|
Mango Tree
|
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why did the driver of the elephant carry a hammer and chizzle so that if he lost control of the elephant
|
he could kill the elephant.
|
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When Akbar saw that his cannons could not destroy the walls of the Chittor Fortress
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what was his next idea? He wanted to plant mines below the fortress walls.
|
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Why did Akbar's idea to plant mines not work? because one of the mines backfired
|
killing his men
|
|
How many civilians did Akbar slay at Chittor 30
|
000
|
|
How big did akbar expand the Mughal Empire? to 1
|
000
|
|
What started Shah Jahan's rule? In 1614
|
he took 24
|
|
What was more important to the Mughals
|
horsemanship or Archery? horsemanship
|
|
After the Taj was complete
|
what did Shah Jahan do to the workers and why? Shah Jahan cut off the hands of the workers so that could never build anything rivaling the Taj's beauty
|
|
How was the principal of diamond cutting applied to architecture It created a warning sound in the fort by clapping. When one clapped in a certain spot
|
it could be heard miles away. So clapping was used as a warning sound
|
|
What tested the Mughals to see how prepared they were at the siege of Golconda? Famine
|
Flood
|
|
How did the Mughals win the siege of Golconda by trickery
|
one of the soldiers was bribed to leave open a gate in the wall for the Mughals to pour in
|
|
one of the vast
|
usually level and treeless tracts in southeastern Europe or Asia steppe
|
|
something that provides refuge
|
relief
|
|
well known
|
famous legendary
|
|
not distant
|
nearby adjacent
|
|
marked by flawless craftmanship or by beautiful
|
ingenious
|
|
"History is a _________
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a story of people and events" narrative
|
|
history is a _____
|
more fascinating than fiction story
|
|
History is a _______
|
a vehicle for teaching skills process
|
|
In what era was writing
|
coins
|
|
What era is democracy
|
Christianity
|
|
in what era did the Protestant Reformation
|
The Scientific Revolution
|
|
2. Breach--->opening in the wall
|
rain hell
|
|
obtained by stealth
|
stealthy Surreptitiously
|
|
strong
|
stern
|
|
a braid of hair
|
or people in a line or file queue
|
|
villainous
|
or a villain miscreant
|
|
having the position of a guardian of a person
|
place
|
|
resembling
|
seeming
|
|
a self-seeking
|
servile flatterer
|
|
How many defenders were there of Constantinople 10
|
000
|
|
arrogant and aggressive Sultan
|
ruled at age 19 Mehmet II
|
|
on what day did the siege of Constantinople take place April 1
|
1453
|
|
How many people were in Mehmet's total guard 100
|
000-150
|
|
the scientific study of the origins
|
behavior
|
|
the study of the production
|
distribution
|
|
The study of Human social behavior
|
especially the study of the origins
|
|
the study of the processes
|
principles
|
|
Who was the only man to ever come close to rivaling Suleiman I's power Charles V
|
head of the Hapsburg Empire
|
|
Where were the Ottomans from and what branch of Islam were they Turkey
|
Sunni
|
|
Where were the Safavids from Iran
|
Iraq
|
|
Intellectual center of the Muslim world
|
Captured by Selim the Grim Cairo
|
|
A non-violent religious group whose doctrines blended Buddhism
|
Hinduism
|
|
A combination of Janism
|
Hinduism
|
|
Humanist
|
born to the Lombard Family
|
|
Wrote many books with Sentimental values
|
one in particular was the "Book of Courtier" Castiglione
|
|
Through his three periods of Literary Activity
|
this man wrote in vernacular English and was captured during the siege of Rhodes Chaucer
|
|
Friend of Brunelleschi
|
this Tuscan painter was the first to use Scientific Perspective and created and was known for Frescos Masaccio
|
|
Arch-rivals with Brunelleschi
|
created the doors at the Baptistry of San Giovanni Ghilberti
|
|
How many princes elected the Emperor and of what nationality were they? 7
|
German
|
|
In theory
|
the _______ was supposed to be the bodyguard of the _______ Emperor
|
|
Although illegal
|
who sheltered Luther Prince Frederick the wise of Saxony
|
|
John Calvin's book about God
|
salvation
|
|
When Knox instilled Calvin's teachings in Scotland
|
he put a group of laymen in charge of each of the churches. What were these laymen called? presbyters
|
|
What was the worst outbreak of conflict between Catholics and Huguenots August 24
|
1572 - St. Bartholomew's Day
|
|
What were the three things jesuits focused on Education
|
conversion
|
|
What was Leo X's famous quote after he was elected pope "God has given us the papacy
|
let us enjoy it"
|
|
As a monk
|
Luther was extremely __________ Scrupulous
|
|
Who proclaimed the age of saints
|
and also wanted to get rid of all rulers and establish his own law Thomas Muntzer
|
|
What did the armed conflict of Zurich
|
Switzerland foreshadow the thirty years war
|
|
A statement of principals for Lutheranism
|
Written by Melancthon Augsburg Confession
|
|
Start of the 30 years war
|
Jesuit who wanted to stop Protestantism Ferdinand II
|
|
"2. When lightning struck the dome on April 5
|
1492
|
|
"8. Philosopher
|
mathematician friend of Brunelleschi's who
|
|
"9. — This individual was the adopted son of Brunelleschi; at one point he steals money and jewels from him" B
|
Andrea Cavalcanti
|
|
the principal longitudinal area of a church
|
extending from the main entrance or narthex to the chancel
|
|
dome
|
esp. one covering a circular or polygonal area. Cupola
|
|
"14. a a manuscript
|
typically of papyrus or parchment
|
|
a circular opening
|
esp. one at the apex of a dome. oculus
|
|
any low protective wall or barrier at the edge of a balcony
|
roof
|
|
the branch of geometry that deals with the measurement of length
|
area
|
|
a shallow rectangular feature projecting from a wall
|
having a capital and base and usually imitating the form of a column. pilaster
|
|
a skilled manual worker
|
a craftsperson. artisan
|
|
Apartheid a South-African policy of complete legal separation of races
|
including banning all social contracts between whites and blacks
|
|
Biowarfare Use of viruses
|
bacteria
|
|
Capital the area of a country
|
province
|
|
Commune In Communist China
|
a collective farm on which a great number of people work and live together
|
|
Concentration camp the imprisonment or confinement of people
|
commonly in large groups
|
|
Demilitarize A reduction in a country’s ability to wage war
|
achieved by disbanding its armed forces and prohibiting it from acquiring weapons
|
|
Depression a period during which business
|
employment
|
|
Dictatorship a country
|
government
|
|
Disarmament the act of reducing
|
limiting
|
|
Domino theory The idea that if a nation falls under Communist control
|
nearby nations will fall under Communist control
|
|
Fascism A political movement that promotes an extreme form of nationalism
|
a denial of individual rights
|
|
Global economy All the financial interactions-involving people
|
businesses
|
|
Intifada Arabic word meaning “rebellion
|
†“uprising
|
|
Kamikazi During WWII
|
Japanese suicide pilots trained to sink Allied ships by crashing bomb-filled planes into them
|
|
New Economic policy (In the Soviet Union) a program in effect from 1921 to 1928
|
reviving the wage system and private ownership of some factories and businesses
|
|
Partisan 1.an adherent or supporter of a person
|
group
|
|
Per capita A Latin term that translates into "by head
|
" basically meaning "average per person."
|
|
Planned economy an economic system in which the government controls and regulates production
|
distribution
|
|
Policy of containment was a United States policy using military
|
economic
|
|
Postmodernism any of a number of trends or movements in the arts and literature developing in the 1970s in reaction to or rejection of the dogma
|
principles
|
|
Proletariat the class of wage earners
|
esp. those who earn their living by manual labor or who are dependent for support on daily or casual employment; the working class.
|
|
Propaganda information
|
ideas
|
|
Sanction 1.authoritative permission or approval
|
as for an action.
|
|
Satellite state is a political term that refers to a country that is formally independent
|
but under heavy influence or control by another country. The term was coined by analogy to stellar objects orbiting a larger object
|
|
Socialism a theory or system of social organization that advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production and distribution
|
of capital
|
|
State capitalism a form of capitalism in which the central government controls most of the capital
|
industry
|
|
Urban society is the sociological study of social life and human interaction in metropolitan areas. It is a normative discipline of sociology seeking to study the structures
|
processes
|
|
War Communism was the economic and political system that existed in the Soviet Russia during the Russian Civil War
|
from 1918 to 1921. According to Soviet historiography
|
|
Welfare State a state in which the welfare of the people in such matters as social security
|
health and education
|
|
By 1600
|
American mines had supplied Spain with an estimated _______ pounds of gold 339
|
|
During the 1600's
|
the _____ gradually replaced the Italians as the bankers of Europe Dutch
|
|
In his novel
|
Don Quixote de la Mancha
|
|
By his novel
|
Don Quixote de la Mancha
|
|
A war fought by England
|
Austria
|
|
Before marrying Henry VIII
|
Katherine of Aragon was the wife of who Henry VII's first son
|
|
Was Mary
|
Queen of Scots
|
|
How many husbands did Mary
|
Queen of Scots have 3
|
|
James I
|
King of England traces his royal ancestry back to which of Henry VII's children Margaret
|
|
Normal Erythrocyte shape and why "Anucleate
|
biconcave →
|
|
After the attempt on Peter's Life
|
where does he flee to? Holy Trinity
|
|
The monument (1784
|
sculptor Falconet) was put up after the order of Catherine the Great (1729-1796)
|
|
Before 1500
|
how did scholars decide what was right or wrong by referring to ancient Greek or roman texts
|
|
who supported the geocentric theory? Aristotle
|
Ptolemy
|
|
What were the 5 important concepts of philosophies in the Renaissance Reason
|
Nature
|
|
proved Galen wrong
|
studied corpses Versalius
|
|
Political liberty
|
Studied Ancient Rome. Separation of powers Montisquieu
|
|
Peasants paid about half their income in dues to who? nobles
|
tithes to the church
|
|
Louis had married his wife
|
_____ __________
|
|
As queen
|
Marie spent so much money on gowns
|
|
"a. the Third Estate delegates found themselves locked out of their meeting room. They broke down a door to an indoor tennis court
|
pledging to stay until they had drawn up a new constitution" Tennis court Oath
|
|
What are the rights that were stated in France's Declaration of the rights of man liberty
|
property
|
|
"2. However
|
the Declaration of the Rights of Man did not apply to _____" Women
|
|
in June 1791
|
Louis and his family tried to escape from France to where? the Austrian Netherlands.
|
|
what caused the Revolution's leaders to turn against one another? Angry cries for more liberty
|
more equality
|
|
On the extreme left
|
the most radical group was the sans-culottes
|
|
In 1792
|
the French were faced not only with reforms at home but also with what? a disastrous foreign war
|
|
"2. When Austria and Prussia proposed that France put Louis back on the throne
|
the Legislative Assembly responded by:..." declaring war on Austria in April 1792.
|
|
"d. On July 25
|
1792
|
|
"5. The new French governing body
|
elected in September of 1792
|
|
"3. In France
|
The most radical club in 1792 was the" Jacobin Club
|
|
The delegates reduced Louis XVI's role
|
from that of a king to that of a common citizen and prisoner.
|
|
"2. Early in 1793
|
Great Britain
|
|
"6. From July 1793 to July 1794
|
__________ governed France nearly as a dictator
|
|
"7. During the Terror
|
approximately 3
|
|
"i. By July 1794
|
the members of the National Convention knew that none of them were safe from Robespierre. So what did they do to make themselves safe?" Turned against him
|
|
"v. The third since 1789
|
the new constitution placed power firmly in the hands of the upper middle class and called for a two-house legislature and an executive body of five men
|
|
ii. When he was nine years old
|
his parents sent him to a military school in northern France.
|
|
iii. In 1785
|
at the age of 16
|
|
In October 1795
|
Because of his _________
|
|
"c. In 1796
|
the Directory appointed Napoleon to lead a French army against the forces of _______ and the Kingdom of ________." Austria
|
|
"2. Upon Napoleon's return from Egypt
|
the ____ ______ urged him to seize political power" Abbe Sieyes
|
|
"1. Under Napoleon
|
France would have _____ and _________" Order and Stability
|
|
"9. Although the code gave the country a uniform set of laws and eliminated many injustices
|
it actually limited _______ and promoted order and authority over individual ______." liberty
|
|
"a. The code took away some rights that women had won during the Revolution
|
such as:" the right to sell their property
|
|
"a. Napolean grabbed the crown out of the Pope’s hands
|
symbolizing that" he was more important than the church.
|
|
"2. In 1801
|
Napoleon decided to regain French control of the slaves and restore its productive sugar industry. Although he sent 23
|
|
"a. The destruction of the French fleet had two major results
|
what were they?" "i. First
|
|
ii. Second
|
it forced Napoleon to give up his plans of invading Britain."
|
|
"2. By 1812
|
the only major European countries free from Napoleon's control were:" Britain
|
|
the powerful countries of ______
|
_______
|
|
"1. In November 1806
|
Napoleon signed a document ordering a ________
|
|
"1. In 1808
|
Napoleon made a second costly mistake. Because ________ was ignoring the Continental System
|
|
"4. Because the French Revolution had weakened
|
the Catholic Church in France
|
|
"3. By the turn of the 20th century
|
a fierce rivalry indeed had developed among Europe's Great Powers. Those nations were" "a. Germany
|
|
"2. In 1905 and again in 1911
|
Germany and France nearly fought over who Would control _______
|
|
"1. By 1914
|
all the Great Powers except _______ had large standing armies." Britain
|
|
"1. Between 1864 and 1871
|
Prussia's blood-and-iron chancellor
|
|
"2. After 1871
|
however
|
|
"6. In 1879
|
Bismarck formed the Dual Alliance between Germany and ______-_______" Austria-Hungary
|
|
Germany and Austria-Hungary
|
and Italy Triple Alliance
|
|
"b. In 1887
|
Bismarck took yet another possible ally away from France by making a treaty with" Russia
|
|
"a. In 1890
|
______ _______ __—who two years earlier had become ruler of Germany—forced Bismarck to resign." Kaiser Wilhelm II
|
|
Britain
|
France
|
|
"i. With a long history of nationalist uprisings and ethnic clashes
|
the _______ were known as the ""powder keg"" of Europe" Balkans
|
|
In the early 1900's
|
______ hoped to absorb all the Slavs on the Balkan Peninsula. In addition
|
|
The Killer of Archduke Ferdinand was Gavrilo Princip
|
a 19-year-old member of the Black Hand.
|
|
list of demands that if not met
|
will lead to serious consequences. Ultimatum
|
|
The German defense Plan where a large part of the German army would race west
|
to defeat France
|
|
Great Britain
|
France
|
|
"a. A promising strategy seemed to be to attack a region in the Ottoman Empire known as the Dardanelles. By securing the Dardanelles
|
the Allies believed that they could take Constantinople
|
|
Germany and Russia signed the Treaty of _____-_______
|
which ended the war between them. Brest-Litovsk
|
|
"6. The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk required the Russian government to surrender lands to Germany that now include" Finland
|
Poland
|
|
Who were the Big 4 "1. Woodrow Wilson of the United States
|
|
|
2. Georges Clemenceau of France
|
|
|
3. David Lloyd George of Great Britain
|
and
|
|
"a. The five Allied powers—............—were to be permanent members of the league's Executive Council" the United States
|
Great Britain
|
|
how much of the population was of the money class
|
1/2 %
|
|
Who was in the money class
|
Merchants, bankers, etc
|
|
Who stimulated the Renaissance
|
Nobility, and merchant class
|
|
besides the nobility and merchant classes, who stimulates the Renaissance
|
Leisure
|
|
what is virtu
|
the quality of being a man
|
|
noblesse oblige
|
obligation of the nobles to give back to the city
|
|
Who were the most famous humanists
|
Erasmus of Rotterdam and Thomas More
|
|
What family is Henry VIII from
|
Tudor
|
|
Which writers started writing in Vernacular
|
Italians
|
|
to which countries did Vernacular shift to?
|
England and France
|
|
Behavior for a particular situation
|
Courtesy
|
|
Who wrote "Book of a Christian Knight'
|
Erasmus
|
|
who wrote "Praise of a Folly"
|
Erasmus
|
|
Statecraft
|
to lead
|
|
Who writes "the prince"
|
Niccolo Machiavelli
|
|
Who writes "The Courtier"
|
Castiglione
|
|
What were the dates of the Renaissance
|
1300-1600
|
|
Why was Europe not as up to date with the Renaissance?
|
because of the 100 years war between France and England
|
|
What brought economic changes to the Renaissance
|
the Bubonic plague
|
|
What brought economic changes to the Renaissance
|
the Bubonic plague
|
|
Money performs three jobs, name two of them?
|
Measure of value, medium of exchange, store of wealth
|
|
Easy to carry
|
portable
|
|
long lasting
|
durable
|
|
Breaks into different units?
|
Divisible
|
|
Easy to recognize; hard to fake?
|
Distinguishable
|
|
Everybody wants it?
|
Desirable
|
|
Not everybody can get it?
|
Scarce
|
|
Natural mixture of gold and silver?
|
Electrum
|
|
Place where first coins were made
|
Lydia
|
|
What image was stamped on the first coins?
|
Lion and bull image.
|
|
Where was the first paper money(bank note) actually created?
|
china
|
|
What was the first paper money in North America?
|
french troops in canada paid with playing cards
|
|
First official money in the U.S. in 1795 was what coin?
|
liberty dollar
|
|
First plastic non-credit card money was made where?
|
Australia
|
|
In 1936, what U.S. bullion depository became the main storehouse for gold reserves?
|
Fort knox
|
|
16. In the Bible Joseph was sold into slavery for how much?
|
20 shekels of silver or 8 ounces of silver
|
|
17. What modern country calls its currency the shekel
|
Israel
|
|
18. What type of edge solved the problem of people clipping tiny bits of a coin off the edge?
|
Ridged or milled
|
|
19. What English word comes from the Latin term salirius-meaning of salt?
|
Salary
|
|
21. Today money is backed only by people's faith in the government. This is known as
|
Fiat Money
|
|
22. Since what year did the US begin moving away from the gold standard
|
1933
|
|
23. What is the longest used currency in history
|
Cowrie shells
|
|
24. Cowrie shells were first used in what country?
|
China
|
|
. What is the famous form of money used on the island of Yap in Mocronesia?
|
Stone Disks
|
|
26. What was the largest sized disk?
|
12 ft
|
|
27. What form of money was faked or counterfeited in Mexico's Aztec empire?
|
cacao beans
|
|
28.The United States of America 20 USA 20 appears in small print known as?
|
microprinting
|
|
29. The $20 dollar bill has color-shifting ink. It shifts from copper to?
|
green
|
|
30. What color does the security thread on the 20 dollar bill glow under ultraviolet light?
|
Green
|
|
31. On what bill in the booklet did they show that a counterfeiter had glued a raised 10$ number?
|
$1
|
|
32. US bills are made of 25% linen and 75%?
|
cotton
|
|
What government agency fights counterfeiting?
|
Secret Serviec
|
|
34. Name of the government bureau that prints dollar bills?
|
Bureau of Printing and Engraving
|
|
35. How many Federal Reserve banks are there
|
12
|
|
36. In what month do bank managers order the most bills from the Federal Reserve?
|
December
|
|
37. What do the letters ATM stand for?
|
Automated teller Machine
|
|
38. How many tons of ink does the Bureau of Print and Engraving use everyday?
|
18
|
|
39. What is the name of a paper form that instructs a bank to pay a specific amount of money to someone?
|
check
|
|
40. Incidents like the tulip mania in Holland are known as
|
Financial Bubbles
|
|
41. The word money comes from a Roman goddess named?
|
Moneta
|
|
42. What is Moneta the goddess of?
|
Warning
|
|
43. Where was the biggest robbery in history?
|
England-2.6 million pounds--$50 Train Robbery
|
|
44. Stealing someone's social security number and pretending to be them is?
|
Identity Theft
|
|
45. Who was the Confederate army officer who was saved by a coin from a bullet, but then died on a submarine
|
Lt. Geo Dixon
|
|
46. How was a penny used in the underground railroad?
|
Notched to show slave could be helped
|
|
47. Why did some Canadians think the 1954 $1 bill was evil.
|
because there seemed to be a demon in the Queen's hair
|
|
48. Coins minted during the reign of who were prized for Chinese coin swords
|
Kangxi (1662-1722)
|
|
49. Chinese burn fake money known as?
|
Hell Money
|
|
50. Why did the Greeks put a coin under the tongue of a corpse?
|
? To pay Charon, the ferryman to take body over the river Styx to Hades
|
|
51. Do US merchants have to accept under 100 pennies?
|
no. they dont even have to accept pennys
|
|
52. T/F: Putting a penny on a train track will derail the train
|
FALSE
|
|
53. How much in credit card debt have Americans racked up?
|
Over 700 billion
|
|
54. What % of US money deals are transacted electronically
|
90
|
|
Another name for electronic money
|
e-money
|
|
55. How do banks make money?
|
By charging higher interest to borrowers than interest paid to depositors.
|
|
56. How much is a 1955 double-image penny worth today?
|
$15,000
|
|
How much is a 1986 Michael Jordan trading card worth?
|
$500
|
|
Was the uniform currency during the civil war called?
|
green backs
|
|
E Pluribus Unum
|
One Out Of Many
|
|
First known money
|
600 BC Lydian Electrum coins
|
|
First Paper Money
|
810 AD - Chinese
|
|
Early humans used this as a form of money, they exchanged goods
|
barter
|
|
Bronze cast in the shape of miniature household tools and farm implements became a widely accepted form of Chinese currency as early as the 10th century BC
|
I Pi Ch'ien (Ant nose money)
|
|
First and Oldest form of Commodity Money
|
Cattle
|
|
Where was the concept of banking first created
|
Babylon
|
|
Shell of a mollusk in the Pacific&Indian Oceans used as a currency
|
Cowrie Shell
|
|
Most widely and longest used currency
|
Cowrie shell
|
|
What was the First Metal Money
|
Bronze & Copper cowrie imitations in 1000BC
|
|
Why were there holes in some money
|
to make an early "wallet" by hanging the money on a string
|
|
Where and When were the first coins from
|
Lydia around 650 BC
|
|
What were the first coins made out of
|
Electrum
|
|
What kind of coins were created in Athens in 405BC
|
Bronze
|
|
Whats a Giro
|
credit transaction
|
|
What was France's currency that was dedicated to the Goddess Moneta in 390BC?
|
Gauls
|
|
Who reforms the Roman Monetary system to pure gold and silver coins?
|
Augustus
|
|
What is a price freeze?
|
when there are no adjustments to the price in order to re-stabilize the economy
|
|
What is considered a forerunner to paper money
|
chinese leather money
|
|
What was the Chinese leather money made out of?
|
White deer-skin
|
|
What was the first bank note?
|
Chinese leather money
|
|
When would the Danes slit your nose?
|
When your poll tax was not paid
|
|
During which Chinese Dynasty was the first paper money created?
|
T'ang
|
|
When did the Knights Templars go on?
|
The Crusades
|
|
What was the Knights Templars
|
A banking network
|
|
What was the Florin a forerunner to?
|
the Euro
|
|
who started the Florin
|
several Italian States
|
|
What kind of coins were the Florins?
|
Gold
|
|
Where was the Florin minted?
|
Florence
|
|
When and where was the Medici Bank created?
|
1397 in Florence, Italy
|
|
Who was the Medici's biggest client?
|
the Vatican
|
|
Who was the most famous Medici
|
Lorenzo Medici
|
|
When and by who was the printing press invented?
|
1440 by Johannas Gutenburg
|
|
What were the letters that were being printed organized in?
|
a movable type
|
|
What kind of money did the Printing press print?
|
Coins
|
|
What is a Potlatch
|
An indian Celebration where gifts are exchanged
|
|
How much gold was found from the spanish gold ruch per year
|
1000-1500 KG./Year
|
|
Where was all of this gold from the Spanish gold age coming from?
|
"The New World"
|
|
What is a Wampum?
|
An indian string of white clam shells
|
|
Who were the wampums made by?
|
native tribes in North America
|
|
What was the major inconvience with tobacco notes?
|
Portability
|
|
What was the tobacco note similar to?
|
The Chinese deerskin banknote?
|
|
Where did the tulip bulbs originate
|
Turkey
|
|
When the tulip bubble bursts, how low was the price of the tulip bulbs
|
1/20th of the original price
|
|
in 1776 who said yes to paper money
|
Adam Smith
|
|
what is hyperinflation
|
excessive inflation
|
|
Where did the cowrie shell inflation take place
|
Uganda: 1800-1860
|
|
When did the use of paper money start becoming dominant?
|
At the end of the Great Acceleration
|
|
What were the dominations of the Kirghiz Horse Money
|
"Horses: Main Money, Lambskins: Small Change"
|
|
Who were the Kirghiz relatives of
|
Relatives of the Mughals
|
|
How many Federal Reserve banks are there
|
12
|
|
In what city were small loans lent out in 1928
|
New York City
|
|
Which country was hit hardest during the great depression
|
Germany
|
|
What was the first charge card
|
1950 diners club card
|
|
Which group of people was the charge available to
|
the very Affluent
|
|
Where was the first mall located
|
Edina, MN
|
|
In the middle of 1997 about how many malls were there
|
37,000
|
|
What is the digital code for money
|
$
|
|
Who used rice as money
|
China
|
|
Who used Dog's teeth as money
|
New Guinea
|
|
Who used Small tools as money
|
China
|
|
Who used Quartz pebbles as money
|
ghana
|
|
who used Gambling Counters
|
Hong Kong
|
|
Who used Cowrie shells the most
|
india
|
|
who used metal disks as money
|
Tibet
|
|
Who used limestone disks as money
|
Yap island
|
|
How much of the global economy did India have
|
25%
|
|
Who were the Mughals descendants of?
|
Monguls
|
|
What city did the Mughals come from?
|
Kabul, Afghanistan
|
|
Who was the first leader of the Mughals?
|
Babur
|
|
What age did Babur take power?
|
12
|
|
What city did Babur target
|
Delhi
|
|
Who was the ruler of Delhi when Babur decided to target it
|
Ibraham Lodi
|
|
Which battle did Babur defeat Lodi for Delhi
|
Pannipat
|
|
What was the strategic position Babur held against Lodi's 100000 men with Babur's 12000?
|
Funnel
|
|
What weapons did Babur and his men use to defeat Lodi?
|
Composite bows, light cannon, muskets, and cavalry
|
|
What did Babur use the enormous wealth of Delhi for?
|
to fund his conquer of Northern India
|
|
Which valuable diamond was found in Delhi and how many carrots was it?
|
"The Kohinoor diamond" 180 carrots
|
|
What was the symbol of Mughal occupation at their complexes
|
water gardens
|
|
How Many quadrants did the water of the water gardens flow into?
|
4
|
|
What did the 4 quadrants represent?
|
The four rivers that flow into paradise in the Quran.
|
|
Who was the Mughal Ruler after Babur
|
Akbar
|
|
What were the Hindu Princes called?
|
Rajputs
|
|
What was Akbar's weapon of choice?
|
Armored elephants
|
|
Above ground covered passageways are called what?
|
Sabats
|
|
How many civilians did Akbar's troops slay during the Chittor siege
|
30,000
|
|
What was the new capital city built under Akbar?
|
Fatehpur Sikri
|
|
What was Fatehpur Sikri built from?
|
Red Sandstone from a nearby quarry
|
|
Why did Akbar isolate his capital
|
so he could keep a close watch on the work that his people did
|
|
How did Akbar get water into Fatehpur Sikri?
|
Persian Water Wheels
|
|
How was Fatehpur Sikri laid out?
|
like a nomads' camp
|
|
What was Akbar's special building for meditation?
|
Diwan-i-Kas
|
|
Who ruled after Akbar?
|
Shah-Jahan
|
|
how many horses did Shah Jahan have
|
over 5000
|
|
what does "Shah Jahan" mean?
|
ruler of the world
|
|
How did Shah Jahan show his power and wealth?
|
He built a magnificent throne of Gold and Jewels
|
|
What was Shah Jahan's throne called?
|
the peacock throne
|
|
What was Shah Jahan's most significant building project
|
the Taj Mahal
|
|
What was the Taj Mahal?
|
a tomb for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal
|
|
Who overthrew Shah Jahan?
|
Auran-Gzeb his son
|
|
What did Tipu sultan rely on to fight the British
|
Guerilla warfare and special rockets
|
|
Who is named the empress of India?
|
Queen Victoria
|
|
What were the Mughals masters of
|
the battlefield
|
|
Who were the mughals descendants of
|
Genghis Khan
|
|
How old was Babur when he inherited the Mughals
|
12
|
|
How many men did Babur have compared to Delhi
|
12,000 to 100,000
|
|
From how far away was the composite bow lethal?
|
100 yards
|
|
How fast could a composite bow be shot
|
1 arrow every 5 seconds
|
|
What was needed to string the composite bow?
|
immense force
|
|
What was the "Mid-Evil Machine gun"?
|
The English Longbow
|
|
How long was the English Longbow?
|
Over 6 ft
|
|
What was the initial speed of an arrow being shot from an English Longbow?
|
135 mph
|
|
What was the speed of an arrow shot from an English Longbow at its destination
|
90 mph
|
|
What were three things the Mughal Bow was made of?
|
Cow Tendon, Mango Tree, Glue
|
|
What was the most important process of bow-making
|
sinuing
|
|
What was the range of the Mughal Cannon?
|
1300 Yards
|
|
What was the average length of the Mughal Cannon
|
7-8 feet
|
|
What was the mughal cannon cast out of
|
bronze
|
|
How did Delhi acquire all of its wealth
|
it was left by previous empires
|
|
What was the most precious thing to the Mughals
|
Water
|
|
"palaces without walls"
|
water gardens
|
|
conquering what Kingdom was the key to ruling India
|
Rajastan
|
|
What was the wealthiest place in Rajastan that Akbar wanted to conquer
|
Chittor
|
|
What made Chittor a key weapons producing area?
|
The Steel
|
|
Why did the Rajput Kitar have a thicker blade near the point
|
to force apart a would
|
|
How long was the rajput Kitar
|
from 3 inches to 3 ft
|
|
What steel was the Kitar made of which happened to be the best in the world
|
Damascus Steel
|
|
How was Damascus Steel produced?
|
By welding high carbon steel and low carbon steel together
|
|
"Tanks of Akbar's Time"
|
Elephants
|
|
What did Akbar believe was the key to military success?
|
armored elephants.
|
|
What did the elephant armor consist of
|
chainmail covered with metal plates
|
|
How many people rode on an elephant
|
3
|
|
why did the driver of the elephant carry a hammer and chizzle
|
so that if he lost control of the elephant, he could kill the elephant.
|
|
How many elephants did Akbar own
|
5000
|
|
How heavy was the elephant tusk sword
|
10 pounds
|
|
Why were elephants used to carryout executions?
|
because they could crush and pull apart people very easily
|
|
Did Akbar get into Rajastan on the first try?
|
no
|
|
What was Akbar's manmade hill for artillery
|
Coyne Hill
|
|
When Akbar saw that his cannons could not destroy the walls of the Chittor Fortress, what was his next idea?
|
He wanted to plant mines below the fortress walls.
|
|
what were Akbar's man made tunnels called?
|
Sabbats
|
|
Why did Akbar's idea to plant mines not work?
|
because one of the mines backfired, killing his men
|
|
How long was it before Akbar was victorious at Chittor
|
less than a day
|
|
How many civilians did Akbar slay at Chittor
|
30,000
|
|
What did Akbar do with the heads of the civilians that he slayed?
|
he put them on a tower to display his power
|
|
How big did akbar expand the Mughal Empire?
|
to 1,000,000 sq miles
|
|
how many matchlocks did Akbar have for his personal use
|
105
|
|
What could be shot from a matchlock if necessary
|
stones
|
|
What was the serpantine?
|
the part of the matchlock that brought the match down to the powder.
|
|
what made the matchlock accurate
|
the narrow barrel
|
|
What were the matchlock barrels made out of
|
Damascus Steel
|
|
what was Akbar's capital city
|
Fatipuh-Sikri
|
|
How long did it take to build Fatipuh-Sikri
|
16 years
|
|
What "cage" did Akbar but his potential rivals
|
The isolated city of Fatipuh-Sikri
|
|
What did Akbar use to bring the water from the lake to the city
|
Persian Water Wheels
|
|
How was Fatipuh-Sikri laid out
|
like a nomad's camp
|
|
What day would Akbar invite the religious representatives to discuss religious values
|
Thursday
|
|
What was the place Akbar built for his wives and concubines?
|
Harem Garden
|
|
What caused Akbar to move his capital again
|
Instability in the Northwest
|
|
Why was Fatipuh-Sikri abandoned
|
Lack of Water
|
|
What started Shah Jahan's rule?
|
In 1614, he took 24,000 horses to Mewar to subdue the city to Mughal Beliefs
|
|
What was unique about the Mewari horses?
|
Their ears were pointed inward and they would bring back lost riders
|
|
What must horses be able to do to be used in battle
|
tolerate much motion around their heads.
|
|
How long did it take to train a Mughal horseman
|
10 years
|
|
What was more important to the Mughals, horsemanship or Archery?
|
horsemanship
|
|
What did Shah Jahan and Akbar both do the same as soon as they came into power
|
had all potential rivals eliminated
|
|
What was the name of Shah Jahan's throne which is worth about $1 Billion today?
|
Peacock throne
|
|
how many concubines did Shah Jahan Have?
|
5000
|
|
What was unique about Shah Jahan's palaces?
|
They were very wealth oriented with expensive rugs and jewels
|
|
What was Shah Jahan's greatest achievement?
|
The Taj Mahal
|
|
What was the Taj Mahal for
|
It was a tomb for Shah Jahan's beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal
|
|
When and How did Mumtaz Mahal die?
|
In 1631 - Mysteriously while giving birth to their 14th child
|
|
How long did it tke to build the Taj Mahal
|
2 years
|
|
What is on either side of the Taj
|
A Mosque and and an assembly hall
|
|
After the Taj was complete, what did Shah Jahan do to the workers and why?
|
Shah Jahan cut off the hands of the workers so that could never build anything rivaling the Taj's beauty
|
|
What is the actual Black Taj?
|
A reflection of the Taj from Shah Jahan's water garden across the river from the Taj
|
|
How did Shah Jahan lose his power
|
He fell ill in September of 1567
|
|
Who imprisoned Shah Jahan in conquest for his power
|
Auran-Gzeb
|
|
Where was the extremely large cannon
|
Jigar Fort
|
|
what was a cannon made of
|
solid metal
|
|
What drove the drill that created the cannon barrel
|
Oxen
|
|
How long could the Jigar Fort Cannon shoot?
|
15 Miles
|
|
What brought the Mughal empire to its peak
|
The Series of battles to capture Golconda
|
|
At which siege did the Mughals finally encounter competition
|
Golconda Siege
|
|
What was the town of Golconda known for?
|
Its diamonds
|
|
How was the principal of diamond cutting applied to architecture
|
It created a warning sound in the fort by clapping. When one clapped in a certain spot, it could be heard miles away. So clapping was used as a warning sound
|
|
What did the Mughals do after dark to attempt to breach the Golcondian walls?
|
put up wooden structures against the walls to try to climb over them
|
|
What tested the Mughals to see how prepared they were at the siege of Golconda?
|
Famine, Flood, and Disease
|
|
How long did the siege of Golconda take
|
8 months
|
|
How did the Mughals win the siege of Golconda
|
by trickery, one of the soldiers was bribed to leave open a gate in the wall for the Mughals to pour in
|
|
how large was the Mughal empire at its height
|
1.25 Million sq Miles
|
|
How Big was the door to the Golcondian Fort
|
13 ft high and 20 ft wide
|
|
How much of the world's population was made up of the mughals?
|
25%
|
|
How many regional states did the Mughal empire decline into
|
3
|
|
Who arrived to take back their dream of taking India's riches
|
Europeans
|
|
What kingdom was Tipur-Sultan from
|
Mysore
|
|
What made the British surrender in the battle of Pollilar?
|
The rocket setting fire to an ammunition cart
|
|
Who carried on the rockets of Tipu
|
The British
|
|
What is a Jizya
|
The tax on non muslims and hindus developed by Akbar
|
|
To desire
|
Covet
|
|
One originating or coming from an ancestral source
|
Descendant
|
|
one of the vast, usually level and treeless tracts in southeastern Europe or Asia
|
steppe
|
|
able to be discovered or noticed
|
detectable
|
|
rate of sloping ascent or descent. Inclination
|
Gradient
|
|
something that provides refuge, relief, or pleasant contrast
|
oasis
|
|
Any of the four quarters into which something is divided by two real or imaginary lines that intersect each other at right angles
|
Quadrant
|
|
to lessen the courage of
|
daunt
|
|
to designate in advance
|
destine
|
|
a place strengthened and secured for defensive purposes
|
fortress
|
|
well known, famous
|
legendary
|
|
goods and other items taken by force
|
plunder
|
|
the number of something to make a thing complete
|
complement
|
|
involving or characterized by hard or toilsome effort
|
laborious
|
|
the capability of a strained body to recover its size and shape
|
resilience
|
|
a headed pin or bolt of metal used for uniting two or more pieces
|
rivet
|
|
not distant, nearby
|
adjacent
|
|
to make a gap in
|
breach
|
|
to weaken the morale of
|
demoralize
|
|
to put on (article of clothing)
|
don
|
|
a military post
|
garrison
|
|
a type of musket requiring a slow burning match to ignite its charge
|
matchlock
|
|
a moderate orange to orange-yellow color
|
saffron
|
|
excessively dry
|
arid
|
|
an act characterized by lack of good sense
|
folly
|
|
A man of elevated rank
|
grandee
|
|
to overlay with or as if with a thin covering of gold
|
gild
|
|
deprived of natural moisture
|
parched
|
|
an artificial lake where water is collected
|
reservoir
|
|
sympathy or indulgence with beliefs or practices differing or conflicting with one's own
|
tolerance
|
|
a thing of little value
|
bauble
|
|
to make firm or secure
|
consolidate
|
|
marked by flawless craftmanship or by beautiful, ingenious, delicate, or elaborate execution
|
exquisite
|
|
of little weight or importance
|
frivolous
|
|
a semiprecious stone that is usually rich blue
|
lapis lazuli
|
|
having magical properties
|
mystic
|
|
something that serves as an example
|
precedent
|
|
a change that does not destroy the original
|
alteration
|
|
someone or something that causes wonder or astonishment
|
marvel
|
|
a large tomb
|
mausoleum
|
|
a tall slender tower od a mosque where the prayer is cried
|
minaret
|
|
a raised platform
|
podium
|
|
to forbid by authority
|
prohibit
|
|
a source of relief
|
solace
|
|
a company of travelers
|
caravan
|
|
individual war units carrying out harassment
|
guerilla warfare
|
|
to conquer and bring into subjection
|
subdue
|
|
having the same connotations
|
synonymous
|
|
to destroy
|
devastate
|
|
to guard from death
|
immortalize
|
|
involved in the essential character of something
|
inherent
|
|
rebellion
|
insurrection
|
|
highest of authority
|
supremacy
|
|
"History is a _________, a story of people and events"
|
narrative
|
|
history is a _____, more fascinating than fiction
|
story
|
|
History is a _______, a vehicle for teaching skills
|
process
|
|
History written to appeal
|
popular history
|
|
the ability and willingness to stand in another person's shoes and make comparisons across time and culture
|
perspective
|
|
the meaning of which each of us gives into the past and the way that we apply that meaning to interpret the the present and consider the future
|
personal philosophy
|
|
Who created the 8 eras of history
|
Professor G.M. Roberts of Oxford University
|
|
Pre History-3500 BC
|
Pre-History
|
|
How many stone ages were there and what were their names
|
"2:
|
|
What in 6000 BC was a major advancement
|
Agricultural beginnings
|
|
3500-500 BC
|
The First Civilizations Era
|
|
In what era was writing, coins, complex religion, organized governments, and monumental architecture created
|
The First Civilizations
|
|
In what era was the wheel invented?
|
Pre-History
|
|
What era were the philosophers Plato and Aristotle from?
|
The Classical Mediterranean
|
|
500BC-500AD
|
The Classical Mediterranean
|
|
what era are standing armies from
|
The Classical Mediterranean
|
|
What era is democracy, Christianity, and Roman Law from?
|
The Classical Mediterranean
|
|
500-1500
|
Age of Diverging Traditions
|
|
What is the other name for the Age of Diverging Traditions
|
Era of Fragmentation
|
|
What triggered the Era of Fragmentation
|
Falling of Rome in 476
|
|
What is Europe referred to during the Age of Diverging traditions
|
the Christendom
|
|
efforts by Christian Kingdom of Europe to reclaim lands from Muslims and Jerusalem
|
The Crusades
|
|
Government ruled by religious leadership
|
Theocracy
|
|
What were the Pope's political power's
|
Taxes and Excommunication
|
|
In what era did the Great Schism happen?
|
The Age of Diverging Traditions
|
|
1500-1800
|
The Making of a European Age
|
|
in what era did the Protestant Reformation, The Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment happen?
|
The Making of a European Age
|
|
Who wrote "The Wealth of Nations"
|
Adam Smith
|
|
1800-1900 AD
|
The Great Acceleration
|
|
1800-1815
|
The Napoleon Era
|
|
In what era did the Congress of Vienna happen?
|
The Great Acceleration
|
|
In what era did the Industrial Revolution happen
|
The Great Acceleration
|
|
In what era was communism/socialism founded
|
The Great Acceleration
|
|
In what era was the Theory of Evolution created
|
The Great Acceleration
|
|
In what era did the American Civil War happen
|
The Great Acceleration
|
|
In what era did the Age of Imperialism happen
|
The Great Acceleration
|
|
1900-1945 AD
|
The End of the European's World
|
|
What ends "The End of the European's World"
|
The dropping of the atomic bomb
|
|
1945-2010+
|
Present Era
|
|
Right to vote
|
Franchise
|
|
Rule over a territory
|
Sovereignty
|
|
someone who rules
|
Sovereign
|
|
What were the tactics for the Siege of Constantinople
|
"1. Surround and Cut-off
|
|
Independent Military leader who hires out their army
|
Condottieri
|
|
Who were the two military powers in the Valois wars
|
The French and the Hapsburgs (Spanish and Austrians)
|
|
When do the Valois wars start?
|
In 1484 when France conquerors the kingdom of Naples
|
|
When does the sack of Rome occur
|
1527
|
|
obtained by stealth, stealthy
|
Surreptitiously
|
|
strong, stern, fierce anger
|
wrath
|
|
A secret agreement
|
collusion
|
|
strikingly bold or brilliant
|
flamboyant
|
|
A person who is often in attendance of a court or a king
|
courtier
|
|
a braid of hair, or people in a line or file
|
queue
|
|
To depart in a sudden or secret matter
|
absconded
|
|
villainous, or a villain
|
miscreant
|
|
a person or thing being detested or loathed
|
anathema
|
|
the right to vote (not franchise)
|
suffrage
|
|
A woman who is a secondary wife for sexual purposes
|
concubine
|
|
the quality or state of being a monarch
|
sovereignty
|
|
to outline or portray in words
|
delineate
|
|
to become spread throughout all parts of
|
pervasive
|
|
having the position of a guardian of a person, place, or thing
|
tutelary
|
|
resembling, seeming, virtual
|
quasi
|
|
filled with bizarre or subjective ideas
|
gonzo
|
|
pertaining to a seed
|
seminal
|
|
a self-seeking, servile flatterer, Travis Cully
|
Sycophant
|
|
where in the world a certain area is
|
Location
|
|
point of latitude and longitude
|
absolute location
|
|
a description of where something in terms of other areas
|
relative location
|
|
Two major instances of fiduciary money are
|
"checking accounts
|
|
What does a federal reserve bank control?
|
the amount of reserves and the reserve ratios
|
|
What was the peak city population of Constantinople
|
1 Million People
|
|
Who failed a siege of Constantinople in 1422
|
Sultan Murad II
|
|
How many defenders were there of Constantinople
|
10,000
|
|
Who led the Byzantine forces in the defending of Constantinople
|
Emperor Constantine XI
|
|
arrogant and aggressive Sultan, ruled at age 19
|
Mehmet II
|
|
What was Mehmet II's nickname
|
Mehmet the conqueror
|
|
Holy Warrior
|
Ghazi
|
|
How long was the Theodosian Land Wall
|
3.5 miles
|
|
what was the "Throat Cutter" during the Siege of Constantinople
|
Fort Boghaz-Kesen. prevented shipping supplies from getting through Genoese vessel
|
|
what side did the papacy take in the Siege of Constantinople
|
neither
|
|
on what day did the siege of Constantinople take place
|
April 1, 1453
|
|
Who created the cannons for Mehmet II
|
Urban of Transylvania
|
|
How many people were in Mehmet's total guard
|
100,000-150,000
|
|
Which grand admiral of Mehmet's gets demoted to a common sea-man after a small Italian merchant breaks through the barrier
|
Suleyman Balthoghlu
|
|
How does Mehmet II eventually get into the city
|
by carrying his ships around Galata
|
|
Who leads the flooding of the Ottoman tunnels
|
Scotsman - Sir John Grant
|
|
What were the three bad omens for Constantinople
|
"bad weather - fog
|
|
Who found the open door in the Theodosian wall
|
Bashi-bazouks
|
|
Until what year were the Ottomans a threat to Europe
|
1683
|
|
How many days was Constantinople allowed to be looted?
|
3
|
|
The systematic recovery and study of material evidence
|
Archaeology
|
|
who dug up king Tut's tomb in 1622
|
Howard Carter
|
|
the scientific study of the origins, behavior, and the physical, social, and cultural development of human beings
|
Anthropology
|
|
Greek word - "anthropos"
|
human beings
|
|
Who wrote "The Coming of Age of Samoa"
|
Margaret Mead
|
|
the study of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services
|
economics
|
|
the Study of of the Nature of God and religious truth
|
Theology
|
|
The study of Human social behavior, especially the study of the origins, organizations, institutions, and demography of human society
|
Sociology
|
|
The study of the earth and its features and of the distribution of life on earth
|
Geography
|
|
the study of the processes, principles, and structure of a government and of political institutions.
|
Political Science
|
|
The science that deals with mental processes and behavior
|
Psychology
|
|
inquiry into the nature of things based on logical reasoning
|
Philosophy
|
|
One of the most influential cities of the 15th century world and seemed invulnerable
|
Constantinople
|
|
Turks who took over Constantinople
|
Ottomans
|
|
What were Osman's followers called
|
Ottomans
|
|
What was Osman's military success largely based on?
|
Gunpowder
|
|
What signaled a new turkish empire was on the rise?
|
the capture of Adrainople
|
|
Young Men forced into the army
|
Janissaries
|
|
Where did Selim the Grim defeat the Safavids
|
The battle of Chaldiran
|
|
Who ruled during the peak of the Ottomans?
|
Suleiman I
|
|
Who was the only man to ever come close to rivaling Suleiman I's power
|
Charles V, head of the Hapsburg Empire
|
|
An exchange of education for soldiers
|
Devshirme
|
|
Who conquerors Persia and confronts Selim the Grim
|
Is'Mail
|
|
5 pillars of Islam...
|
"Faith
|
|
What was the repeating mistake of most Muslim rulers
|
Killing off all able rulers to succeed them
|
|
who founded the Safavids
|
Safi-Al-Bin
|
|
What promoted cultural blending
|
"Migration
|
|
Which side of Muslim did the Safavids align themselves by
|
Shi'ite
|
|
What was Is'Mail's capital city
|
Isfahan
|
|
What is the fastest growing religion?
|
Muslim
|
|
Where were the Ottomans from and what branch of Islam were they
|
Turkey, Sunni
|
|
Where were the Safavids from
|
Iran, Iraq
|
|
Who was the first leader of the Ottomans
|
Osman
|
|
Who was the second leader of the Ottomans
|
Orkhan I
|
|
Intellectual center of the Muslim world, Captured by Selim the Grim
|
Cairo
|
|
Who created the mosque of Suleiman
|
Sinan of Albania
|
|
What marks the Official end of the Ottoman empire
|
World War I
|
|
Who led the Safavids after Isma'il
|
Shah Abbas
|
|
What caused industry and art to florish during the reign of Shah Abbas
|
Relations with Europe
|
|
What enabled the rebuilding of Isfahan
|
All the art present
|
|
What were the Safavids most known for?
|
Persian Carpets
|
|
Who was the first leader of the Safavids
|
Isma'il
|
|
This "Grasper of the World" was a rather weak ruler and left the affairs of the state to his wife
|
Jahangir
|
|
Jahangir's wife who did most of the ruling
|
Nur Jahan
|
|
A non-violent religious group whose doctrines blended Buddhism, Hinduism, and Sufism who sheltered Khusrau after he was ousted by Nur Jahan
|
Sikhs
|
|
What led to growth of large city-states in Northern Italy
|
Overseas Trade
|
|
Who became patrons of the arts through their financial supports
|
The popes
|
|
A combination of Janism, Hinduism, Christianisty, and Sufism
|
The Divine Faith created by Akbar
|
|
He helped with Frescos and the Sistine Chapel"
|
Botticelli
|
|
Venus and Mars"
|
Botticelli
|
|
1519-converted to Protestantism"
|
Durer
|
|
Painted Many Portraits"
|
van Eyck
|
|
Known for his work in Bas Relief"
|
Donatello
|
|
Madonna"
|
Donatello
|
|
Humanist, born to the Lombard Family, who was educated in Latin and Greek
|
Castiglione
|
|
Wrote many books with Sentimental values, one in particular was the "Book of Courtier"
|
Castiglione
|
|
Through his three periods of Literary Activity, this man wrote in vernacular English and was captured during the siege of Rhodes
|
Chaucer
|
|
Beoli of Duchess"
|
Chaucer
|
|
Friend of Brunelleschi, this Tuscan painter was the first to use Scientific Perspective and created and was known for Frescos
|
Masaccio
|
|
Virgin Mary"
|
Masaccio
|
|
This sculptor/goldsmith traveled to Rome with Donatello to study ancient Ruins for inspiration
|
Brunelleschi
|
|
lantern at the Santa Maria Del Fiore"
|
Brunelleschi
|
|
This Sculptor was arrested for Murder and was at the Sack of Rome in 1527
|
Cellini
|
|
Silera"
|
Cellini
|
|
This portrait painter was talented in Frescos and his Paintings were rich in color
|
Titian
|
|
Veins of Urbine"
|
Titian
|
|
This "supreme poet" was a member of the White Guelphs
|
Dante
|
|
Monarchia"
|
Dante
|
|
Member of diplomatic court"
|
Machiavelli
|
|
Discorsi"
|
Machiavelli
|
|
Father of political science
|
Machiavelli
|
|
Tomb of the Medicis"
|
Michelangelo
|
|
This Father of Humanism studied lower Montpellier
|
Petrarch
|
|
Hinererium"
|
Petrarch
|
|
Adoration of the Magi"
|
Raphael
|
|
Last Supper"
|
Da Vinci
|
|
Greatest Architect at High Renaissance
|
Bramante
|
|
Templesso"
|
Bramante
|
|
Arch-rivals with Brunelleschi, created the doors at the Baptistry of San Giovanni
|
Ghilberti
|
|
A Peasant Wedding"
|
Bruegel
|
|
What did the Reformation begin as?
|
A religious protest
|
|
A divinely ordained structure in which the two rulers played equal but different roles
|
Holy Roman Empire
|
|
How were the Emperor and the Pope chosen for office
|
election
|
|
How many princes elected the Emperor and of what nationality were they?
|
7, German
|
|
In theory, the _______ was supposed to be the bodyguard of the _______
|
Emperor, Pope
|
|
Until when did the "States of the Church" exist as a country
|
19th century
|
|
What was the Marburg Colloquia
|
A Meeting of Protestant Leaders
|
|
What helped to spread the secular ideas of the Renaissance
|
the printing press
|
|
What was the Pope unable to do in germany
|
impose central authority
|
|
What was the corruption in the lower clergy
|
The illiteracy of priests and monks as well as rule breaking
|
|
in the late 1300'S and early 1400's which two gentlemen advocated for Church reform
|
John Wycliffe and Jan Hus
|
|
This Italian friar preached fiery sermons to Florence only to be turned upon a year later
|
Savonarola
|
|
Where did Martin Luther teach?
|
University of Wittenberg
|
|
Did luther intend on starting a religious revolution?
|
no
|
|
Who did Luther take a public stand against for his actions
|
Johann Tetzel
|
|
How was Tetzel raising money to rebuild St. Peter's cathedral
|
selling indulgences
|
|
what is an indulgence
|
a pardon
|
|
What were Luther's three main teaching points
|
"1. People could win salvation only by faith
|
|
Although illegal, who sheltered Luther
|
Prince Frederick the wise of Saxony
|
|
What agreement decided that the rulers of the German states would decide their own religion
|
The Peace of Augsburg
|
|
what was the church of England called?
|
the Anglican church
|
|
John Calvin's book about God, salvation, and Human Nature
|
Institutes of christian religion
|
|
The idea that God already knows when and who someone will be saved
|
Predestination
|
|
The religion based on Calvin's teachings
|
Calvinism
|
|
Scottish preacher who adopted Calvin's teachings
|
John Knox
|
|
Who was the most influential man in the Reformation
|
John Calvin
|
|
What were Calvin's followers called?
|
Huguenots
|
|
Forerunners to Baptists and Quakers
|
Anabaptists
|
|
Who protected John Calvin from being executed for his beliefs while living in France
|
Marguerite of Navarre
|
|
Who started the Catholic Reformation
|
Ignatius of loyola
|
|
What was agreed on at the council of Trent
|
"""The Church's interpretation of the Bible was final
|
|
who was Henry VIII's secret wife?
|
Anne Boleyn
|
|
Did Anne Boleyn bore Henry VIII's son he wanted?
|
no
|
|
Which wife gave Henry VIII a son?
|
3rd
|
|
What was Henry VIII's son named
|
Edward
|
|
When Knox instilled Calvin's teachings in Scotland, he put a group of laymen in charge of each of the churches. What were these laymen called?
|
presbyters
|
|
What was the worst outbreak of conflict between Catholics and Huguenots
|
August 24, 1572 - St. Bartholomew's Day
|
|
what was the turning point in St. Ignatius' life
|
in 1521 when he was injured in a war
|
|
Who were descendants of the Anabaptists
|
Amish and Mennonites
|
|
What were St. Ignatius' followers called?
|
Jesuits
|
|
What were the three things jesuits focused on
|
Education, conversion, and stopping Protestant spreading
|
|
What were the 3 problems for every Pope
|
"How to maintain political power in Italy
|
|
What term was used to refer to the political side of the church
|
the Papacy
|
|
Why was the Papacy stronger than the Empire
|
it bypassed all national differences and struck its roots deep throughout Europe
|
|
What corrupted Popes?
|
Absolute power and enormous wealth
|
|
What was Leo X's real name
|
Giovanni de'Medici
|
|
What was Leo X's famous quote after he was elected pope
|
"God has given us the papacy, let us enjoy it"
|
|
Did Luther come from wealth
|
no
|
|
At what age did Luther receive his master's degree in philosophy
|
22
|
|
Where did Luther receive his master's degree in philosophy
|
University at Erfurt
|
|
Was Luther's father supportive of his entering the monastery
|
no
|
|
What did Luther want to prove to his father by entering the monastery
|
his independence
|
|
As a monk, Luther was extremely __________
|
Scrupulous
|
|
What was Luther's main defense to his encounters with the devil
|
attack with language then physicality
|
|
Who was Luther's superior in the monastery
|
John Staupitz
|
|
When did luther obtain his doctor's degree
|
1512
|
|
In what year was St. Peter's Basilica demolished?
|
1506
|
|
When were the 95-Thesis posted
|
October of 1517
|
|
How much time did the Papacy give Luther to take back what he said before excommunication
|
60 days
|
|
Was Luther actually kidnapped
|
no
|
|
who kidnapped Luther
|
Men sent by Prince Frederick of Saxony to protect Luther
|
|
Who was the man who wanted to discard Catholicism and start a new religion?
|
Andreas von Karlstadt
|
|
Who was the priest who approved of the Zurich citizens eating meat on Ash Wednesday in 1522
|
Ulrich Zwingli
|
|
How successful was the reforming at the Castle of Marburg in 1529
|
only partly
|
|
Who proclaimed the age of saints, and also wanted to get rid of all rulers and establish his own law
|
Thomas Muntzer
|
|
Who labeled Luther "The Pope of Wittenburg"
|
Thomas Muntzer
|
|
What religious group did Zwingly start?
|
the anabaptists
|
|
What was the most deadly conflict between Protestants and Catholics
|
Peasants' War of 1524
|
|
Where was the first armed clash between protestants and catholics
|
Switzerland
|
|
What did the armed conflict of Zurich, Switzerland foreshadow
|
the thirty years war
|
|
What was the church's weapon to combat heresy
|
the inquisition or "holy office"
|
|
What was the purpose of the council of Trent
|
to try to find a compromise between protestants and catholics
|
|
head of a monastery
|
abbot
|
|
the buying and selling of holy offices
|
simony
|
|
the bankers of Europe "Medici's of Germany"
|
The Fuggers
|
|
what does primogeniter mean
|
first born gets all inheritance
|
|
writer of Utopia
|
Thomas More
|
|
Where was Jan Hus a teacher
|
University of Prague
|
|
What was Jan Hus' book of thoughts called?
|
DeEcclesia
|
|
What were Jan Hus' followers known as?
|
Hussites
|
|
John Wycliffe's religious rebellious group
|
Lollards
|
|
This man was set up to be killed at a meeting where he thought he was safe
|
John Wycliffe
|
|
Who were the "dogs of God"
|
the dominicans
|
|
Who was the woman Luther falls in love with
|
Catarina Vombora
|
|
Famous for his analysis of Luther
|
Dr. Erricson
|
|
Which monacstic order did Luther join?
|
Augustinine Aramites
|
|
Who was Luther's "Sidekick"
|
Melancthon
|
|
A statement of principals for Lutheranism, Written by Melancthon
|
Augsburg Confession
|
|
What city did John Calvin start a theocracy in?
|
Geneva
|
|
Who comes to meet with Luther in January of 1519
|
Papal Nuncio
|
|
Who corners Luther at Leipzig
|
Johann van Eck
|
|
Start of the 30 years war, Jesuit who wanted to stop Protestantism
|
Ferdinand II
|
|
Who was the forerunner of Justification by Faith
|
John Wycliffe
|
|
What was a non political or religious problem in Germany
|
witches
|
|
Who was in charge of St. Peter's Basilica
|
Raphael
|
|
What was the capital of Austria during the Reformation
|
Vienna
|
|
Said the court was too great
|
Pope Pius II
|
|
What Religious order was Tetzel
|
Dominicans
|
|
"1.
|
Known as the ""hunchback of the dome."" He was one of four men appointed to a special ad hoc committee. He functioned more as a foreman or overseer on the project"
|
|
"2.
|
When lightning struck the dome on April 5, 1492, several tons of marble fell into the streets on the north side of the cupola, in the direction of the Villa Careggi, where this individual lay ill. The sick man, upon hearing of the direction ofthe debris, proclaimed, ""I am a dead man."" He died three days later on Passion Sunday"
|
|
Late in 1425 this deputy of Lorenzo Ghiberti filed an appeal to the wardens in charge of the project criticizing Brunelleschi's method of controlling the curvature of the dome. The primary motive for this action seems to be jealously. His model for the wooden chain had been rejected in favor of Filippo's.
|
Giovanni da Prato
|
|
"4.
|
Talented young sculptor who accompanies Brunelleschi on his trip to Rome in the early 1400s."
|
|
"5.
|
First biographer of the life and work of Brunelleschi; frequently quoted or referred to in the text as a source of information."
|
|
"8.
|
Philosopher, mathematician friend of Brunelleschi's who, in a famous letter to a member of the court of the Kine of Portugal, first entertained and suggested the idea of sailing west to reach India"
|
|
"9.
|
— This individual was the adopted son of Brunelleschi; at one point he steals money and jewels from him"
|
|
This master mason's design won the original competition for the design of the Santa Maria del Fiore cathedral. The design was revolutionary because it abandoned the medieval technique of using the flying buttress to support the weight of the structure.
|
Neri de Fioravanti
|
|
Famed for his bronze doors on the Baptistry of the Cathedral of Florence.
|
Lorenzo Ghiberti
|
|
"11.
|
any external prop or support built to steady a structure by opposing its outward thrusts; esp. a projecting support built into or against the outside of a masonry wall."
|
|
the principal longitudinal area of a church, extending from the main entrance or narthex to the chancel, usually flanked by aisles of less height and breadth: generally used only by the congregation
|
Oratory
|
|
dome, esp. one covering a circular or polygonal area.
|
Cupola
|
|
"14.
|
a a manuscript, typically of papyrus or parchment, that has been written on more than once, with the earlier writing incompletely erased and often legible."
|
|
a circular opening, esp. one at the apex of a dome.
|
oculus
|
|
any low protective wall or barrier at the edge of a balcony, roof, bridge, or the like.
|
Parapet
|
|
the branch of geometry that deals with the measurement of length, area, or volume.
|
mensuration
|
|
a kind of carving or sculpture in which the figures are raised a few inches from a flat background to give a three-dimensional effect.
|
bas-relief
|
|
a shallow rectangular feature projecting from a wall, having a capital and base and usually imitating the form of a column.
|
pilaster
|
|
a skilled manual worker, a craftsperson.
|
artisan
|
|
Apartheid
|
a South-African policy of complete legal separation of races, including banning all social contracts between whites and blacks
|
|
Appeasement
|
The making of concessions to an aggressor in order to avoid war
|
|
Armistice
|
An agreement to stop fighting
|
|
Arms race
|
a competition between two or more parties for real or apparent military supremacy
|
|
Bioterrorism
|
terrorism by intentional release or dissemination of biological agents
|
|
Biowarfare
|
Use of viruses, bacteria, and toxins as biological weapons
|
|
Blitzkrieg
|
“lightning war†a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces
|
|
Bloc
|
a temporary combination of parties in a legislative assembly
|
|
Capital
|
the area of a country, province, region, or state, regarded as enjoying primary status, usually but not always the seat of the government or a factor of production that is not wanted for itself but for its ability to help in producing other goods
|
|
Cold War
|
The state of diplomatic hostility between the US and the USSR in the decades following WWII
|
|
Collaborator
|
to work jointly with others or together especially in an intellectual endeavor
|
|
Collectivization
|
policy was to consolidate individual land and labor into collective farms
|
|
Commune
|
In Communist China, a collective farm on which a great number of people work and live together
|
|
Concentration camp
|
the imprisonment or confinement of people, commonly in large groups, without trial
|
|
Conscription
|
Draft; the compulsory enrolment of people and the term typically refers to their enlistment in a country's military
|
|
Contras
|
is a label given to the various rebel groups opposing Nicaragua's FSLN
|
|
Demilitarize
|
A reduction in a country’s ability to wage war, achieved by disbanding its armed forces and prohibiting it from acquiring weapons
|
|
Depression
|
a period during which business, employment, and stock-market values decline severely or remain at a very low level of activity
|
|
De-Stalinization
|
Nikita Khrushev’s policy of eliminating all memory of Joseph Stalin and his programs in the USSR
|
|
Détente
|
A policy of reducing Cold War tensions that was adopted by the US during Richard Nixon’s regime
|
|
Dictatorship
|
a country, government, or the form of government where an absolute power is exercised by a dictator
|
|
Direct rule
|
a system of government wherein the central government controls the states or provinces
|
|
Disarmament
|
the act of reducing, limiting, or abolishing weapons
|
|
Dissident
|
An opponent of a government’s policies or actions
|
|
Domino theory
|
The idea that if a nation falls under Communist control, nearby nations will fall under Communist control
|
|
Duma
|
A Russian national parliament formed in the early years of the 20th century
|
|
Ethnic cleansing
|
A policy of murder and other acts of brutality which Serbs hoped to eliminate Bosnia’s Muslim population after the breaking up of Yugoslavia
|
|
Fascism
|
A political movement that promotes an extreme form of nationalism, a denial of individual rights, and a dictatorial one-party rule
|
|
Genocide
|
The systematic killing of an entire people
|
|
Global economy
|
All the financial interactions-involving people, businesses, and government-the cross international boundaries
|
|
Guerilla tactics
|
A member of loosely organized fighting force that makes surprise attacks on enemy troops occupying his or her country
|
|
Indigenous
|
any ethnic group who inhabit a geographic region with which they have the earliest known historical connection
|
|
Intifada
|
Arabic word meaning “rebellion,†“uprising,†or “resistanceâ€
|
|
Kamikazi
|
During WWII, Japanese suicide pilots trained to sink Allied ships by crashing bomb-filled planes into them
|
|
Mandate
|
a command or authorization to act in a particular way on a public issue given by the electorate to its representative
|
|
Monroe Doctrine
|
A US policy of opposition to European interference in Latin America announced in 1823 by President James Monroe in 1823
|
|
Multinational corporation
|
A company that operates in multiple countries
|
|
New Economic policy
|
(In the Soviet Union) a program in effect from 1921 to 1928, reviving the wage system and private ownership of some factories and businesses, and abandoning grain requisitions.
|
|
Pan-Africanism
|
the idea or advocacy of a political alliance or union of all the African nations
|
|
Pan-Arabism
|
the idea or advocacy of a political alliance or union of all the Arab nations
|
|
Partisan
|
1.an adherent or supporter of a person, group, party, or cause, esp. a person who shows a biased, emotional allegiance.
|
|
Peacekeeping force
|
Military units that keep peace
|
|
Per capita
|
A Latin term that translates into "by head," basically meaning "average per person."
|
|
Planned economy
|
an economic system in which the government controls and regulates production, distribution, prices, etc.
|
|
Plebiscite
|
A direct vote in which a country’s people have the opportunity to approve or reject a proposal
|
|
Pogrom
|
One of the organized campaigns of violence against Jewish communities in the late 19th century Russia
|
|
Policy of containment
|
was a United States policy using military, economic, and diplomatic strategies to temper the spread of communism, enhance America’s security and influence abroad, and prevent a "domino effect". A component of the Cold War, this policy was a response to a series of moves by the Soviet Union to expand communist influence in Eastern Europe, China, Korea, and Vietnam.
|
|
Politboro
|
The ruling committee of the communist party of the U.S.S.R.
|
|
Postmodernism
|
any of a number of trends or movements in the arts and literature developing in the 1970s in reaction to or rejection of the dogma, principles, or practices of established modernism, esp. a movement in architecture and the decorative arts running counter to the practice and influence of the International Style and encouraging the use of elements from historical vernacular styles and often playful illusion, decoration, and complexity.
|
|
Proletariat
|
the class of wage earners, esp. those who earn their living by manual labor or who are dependent for support on daily or casual employment; the working class.
|
|
Propaganda
|
information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, group, movement, institution, nation, etc.
|
|
Real Wages
|
wages estimated not in money but in purchasing power
|
|
Reichstag
|
the lower house of the parliament during the period of the Second Reich and the Weimar Republic.
|
|
Reparation
|
the making of amends for wrong or injury done
|
|
Sanction
|
1.authoritative permission or approval, as for an action.
|
|
Satellite state
|
is a political term that refers to a country that is formally independent, but under heavy influence or control by another country. The term was coined by analogy to stellar objects orbiting a larger object, such as smaller moons revolving around larger planets, and is used mainly to refer to Central and Eastern European countries
|
|
Socialism
|
a theory or system of social organization that advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production and distribution, of capital, land, etc., in the community as a whole.
|
|
State capitalism
|
a form of capitalism in which the central government controls most of the capital, industry, natural resources, etc.
|
|
Total war
|
a war in which every available weapon is used and the nation's full financial resources are devoted
|
|
Totalitarian state
|
a government that subordinates the individual to the state and strictly controls all aspects of life by coercive measures
|
|
Urban society
|
is the sociological study of social life and human interaction in metropolitan areas. It is a normative discipline of sociology seeking to study the structures, processes, changes and problems of an urban area and by doing so providing inputs for planning and policy making
|
|
Viceroy
|
a person appointed to rule a country or province as the deputy of the sovereign
|
|
War Communism
|
was the economic and political system that existed in the Soviet Russia during the Russian Civil War, from 1918 to 1921. According to Soviet historiography, this policy was adopted by the Bolsheviks with the aim of keeping towns and the Red Army supplied with weapons and food, in conditions in which all normal economic mechanisms and relations were being destroyed by the war. "War communism", which began in June 1918, was enforced by the Supreme Economic Council, known as the Vesenkha. It ended on March 21, 1921 with the beginning of the NEP (New Economic Policy), which lasted until 1928.
|
|
Welfare State
|
a state in which the welfare of the people in such matters as social security, health and education, housing, and working conditions is the responsibility of the government
|
|
Charles V came close to matching ________'s power
|
Suleiman
|
|
Who did Charles V divide his empire among and how much did they get
|
"Ferdinand - Austria and the HRA
|
|
By 1600, American mines had supplied Spain with an estimated _______ pounds of gold
|
339,000
|
|
Spain experienced a gold age in the arts between the __th and __th centuries
|
"16
|
|
"El Greco" literally means
|
the Greek
|
|
What was Domenikos Theotokopolouos called
|
El Greco
|
|
The paintings of ____ _________ showed the pride of Spain'smonarchy
|
Diego Velazquez
|
|
who was Diego Velazquez the court painter for
|
Philip IV
|
|
Called the birth of a modern European novel
|
Don Quixote de la Mancha
|
|
who was the greatest Dutch artist
|
Rembrandt van Rijn
|
|
William of Orange fought to free _____ from Spanish control
|
Dutch
|
|
The _______ Armada was defeated in 1588 by stormy weather and the English navy
|
Spanish
|
|
During the 1600's, the _____ gradually replaced the Italians as the bankers of Europe
|
Dutch
|
|
The seven northern provinces of the Spanish Netherlands that united and broke away from Spain were largely __________
|
protestant
|
|
The republic formed by the United Provinces of _____ was an unusual type of government for 16th-century Europe
|
the Netherlands
|
|
In his novel, Don Quixote de la Mancha, ______ __ _________ wrote about a poor spanish nobleman who chases after windmills
|
Miguel de Cervantes
|
|
Phillip II of Spain believed it was his duty to defend ___________ from its enemies in Europe and the Ottoman Empire
|
Catholicism
|
|
_____ failed to develop a middle class in the 1500s because the tax burden on the lower classes prevented their ability to begin businesses
|
Spain
|
|
The paintings of Diego Velazquez showed the _____ of Spain's monarchy
|
pride
|
|
By his novel, Don Quixote de la Mancha, some critics believe Cervantes was mocking ________
|
chivalry
|
|
The stability of the Dutch government allowed the people to concentrate on ________ growth
|
economic
|
|
wrote "End of History"
|
Francis Fukayama
|
|
small group of leaders who run an authoritarian state
|
politburo
|
|
government selected by the people
|
democracy
|
|
government with elected representatives
|
republic
|
|
which two territories did Charles V rule?
|
Spain and the Holy Roman Empire
|
|
Where did Philip II live most of the time
|
spain
|
|
auto-da-fe
|
act of faith
|
|
who was the first king of the Bourbon dynasty
|
Henry IV
|
|
Delcaration of religious toleration by Henry IV
|
Edict of Nantes
|
|
who moved against Huguenots and worked to weaken noble's powers
|
Cardinal Richelieu
|
|
the idea that nothing can ever be known for certain
|
skepticism
|
|
the most powerful ruler in french History
|
Louis XIV
|
|
government agents who collected taxes and administered taxes
|
intendants
|
|
who was Louis XIV's minister of finance
|
Jean Baptiste Colbert
|
|
A war fought by England, Austria, german states, dutch and Portugal against Bourbon's dynasty
|
War of Spanish Succession
|
|
Treaty that ended the War of Spanish Succession
|
Treaty of Ulbrecht
|
|
What does absolutism lead to?
|
Totalitarianism
|
|
What does constitutionalism lead to
|
Liberal democracy
|
|
Who starts the Tudor Dynasty
|
Henry VII
|
|
Before marrying Henry VIII, Katherine of Aragon was the wife of who
|
Henry VII's first son, Arthur
|
|
Was Mary, Queen of Scots, older or younger than Elizabeth I
|
younger
|
|
How old was Elizabeth I when she became queen of England
|
25
|
|
Which of the monarchs in the Tudor family tree was known as "bloody'
|
Mary I
|
|
What religion was Elizabeth I
|
Protestant
|
|
How many husbands did Mary, Queen of Scots have
|
3
|
|
Who succeeded Elizabeth I as monarch of England Elizabeth I dies?
|
Mary I
|
|
James I, King of England traces his royal ancestry back to which of Henry VII's children
|
Margaret
|
|
What religion was Mary I
|
Catholic
|
|
How many Children did Henry VII have
|
4
|
|
Which of Henry VIII's wives was the oldest when she married Henry?
|
Anne Boleyn
|
|
Queen Jane (Lady Jane Grey) traced her ancestry back to which of Henry VII's children?
|
Mary
|
|
Who was the big winner in the war of spanish succession
|
great britain
|
|
France believed in the economic theory of ____________
|
Mercantilism
|
|
Colbert tried to make France ____-__________
|
Self-Sufficient
|
|
Book where Descartes introduces Skepticism
|
Meditations of First Philosophy
|
|
what were the Jews and Muslims collectively known as
|
conversos
|
|
Marranos
|
Jews
|
|
Moriscos
|
Muslims
|
|
Usury
|
banking
|
|
micromanager
|
someone who is involved in everything
|
|
Protestant "George Washington"
|
William of orange
|
|
Only how many ships make it back to Spain after the attempted invasion of England
|
65
|
|
what are the two principle ideas of Richelieu's policy
|
The domestic unification of France and the opposition to the house of Austria
|
|
Richelieu stregthens "l'etat" or ___ _____
|
The State
|
|
how does Richelieu try to strengthen English and French relations?
|
political marriages
|
|
Normal Erythrocyte shape and why
|
"Anucleate, biconcave →
|
|
Peter the Great was a descendant of the _______ Dynasty
|
Romanov
|
|
Who was Peter Named after
|
the saint
|
|
Which Side of the tsar family tree won the power struggle in 1646
|
Miloslavski
|
|
Where were Peter the Great and His mother sent to?
|
Preobrazhensky refuge a German quarter
|
|
What did Peter the great learn at Preobrazhensky refuge
|
"learned trades
|
|
Who plots to kill Peter the Great
|
Sophia
|
|
After the attempt on Peter's Life, where does he flee to?
|
Holy Trinity
|
|
Where does Peter exile Sophia to?
|
a nunnery
|
|
How did Peter the Great Judge people
|
by their abilities
|
|
What kind of a profile does Peter keep at The Grand Embassy
|
incognito
|
|
Wat is Peter's alias at the Grand Embassy
|
Peter Mikhailov
|
|
The monument (1784, sculptor Falconet) was put up after the order of Catherine the Great (1729-1796), Peter's granddaughter-in-law.
|
The Bronze Horseman
|
|
This Treaty ends the Great Northern War and gains Russia territory
|
Treaty of Nystad
|
|
Soviet literally means
|
council of workers
|
|
Before 1500, how did scholars decide what was right or wrong
|
by referring to ancient Greek or roman texts
|
|
theory that the earth centered the universe
|
Geocentric
|
|
who supported the geocentric theory?
|
Aristotle, Ptolemy, and Christianity
|
|
What helped spread enlightenment ideas?
|
the printing press
|
|
Who discovered the heliocentric theory
|
Nicolaus Copernicus
|
|
When did Copernicus publish his findings?
|
the last year of his life in fear of criticism
|
|
Discovered law of the pendulum
|
Galileo
|
|
Whose theories does Galileo's support but goes against the church
|
Copernicus
|
|
Where did Newton study math and physics
|
Cambridge univ
|
|
Which two theories of motion did newton die together
|
Kepler and galileo
|
|
Who invented the first microscope
|
Zacharius Janssen
|
|
Who preforms first human dissection
|
Andreas Vesalius
|
|
What were the 5 important concepts of philosophies in the Renaissance
|
Reason, Nature, happiness, Progress, Liberty
|
|
people who believed in the ideas of the enlightenment
|
philosophes
|
|
Who was Diderot's encyclopedia financed by
|
Madame Geoffrin
|
|
What kind of Government did Montesquieu advocate
|
Britain's Separation of powers.
|
|
Which city was the intellectual center of the Enlightenment/
|
Paris
|
|
large social gatherings to discuss ideas
|
salons
|
|
wrote ""Revolutions of the heavenly bodies"""
|
Copernicus
|
|
Wrote ""Tycho brane"""
|
Johannes Kepler
|
|
Wrote the newsletter ""Storry messenger"""
|
Galileo
|
|
better understanding of the world = better lives. attacked midevil scholars for relying on Aristotle"
|
Francis Bacon
|
|
I think therefor I am"
|
Rene Descartes
|
|
Brought together everyone's theories
|
Issac Newton
|
|
Maker of eyeglasses
|
Zacharias Jansen
|
|
creater of microscope
|
Leuvenhook
|
|
mercury barometer
|
Torrocelli
|
|
American system of measurement
|
Fahrenheit
|
|
greek physician who studied the anatomy of pigs
|
Galen
|
|
proved Galen wrong, studied corpses
|
Versalius
|
|
Continued Versalius' Work
|
William Harvey
|
|
Modern chemistry theory
|
Robert Boyle
|
|
civilization corrupted natural goodness"
|
Jean Jaques Rousecu
|
|
Political liberty, Studied Ancient Rome. Separation of powers
|
Montisquieu
|
|
"revolutions of Heavenly bodies"
|
copernicus
|
|
Starry messenger
|
Galileo
|
|
Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy"
|
Issac Newton
|
|
On the fabric of a human body
|
Galen
|
|
On the motion of the heart and blood in animals
|
Harvey
|
|
The Skeptical Chemist
|
Boyle
|
|
Levianthon
|
Hobbes
|
|
On the spirit of laws
|
Montisquiue
|
|
The Social contract
|
Rasseau
|
|
On Crimes and Punishment
|
Beccaria
|
|
A serious Proposal to ladies
|
Mary Astell
|
|
Vindication of the rights of women
|
wollstonecraft
|
|
Magic Flute"
|
Mozart
|
|
his personal encyclopedia
|
Diderot
|
|
Robinson Crusoe
|
Defoe
|
|
monarchs who embraced Enlightenment ideas and reformed
|
Enlightened Despots
|
|
"1.
|
system of feudalism left over from the Middle Ages"
|
|
About __ percent of the people in France belonged to the Third Estate
|
98
|
|
Peasants paid about half their income in dues to who?
|
nobles, tithes to the church, and taxes to the king's agents.
|
|
_____ _____ made it impossible to conduct business profitably within France.
|
Heavy taxes
|
|
Louis had married his wife, _____ __________, when he was 15 and she was 14.
|
Marie Antoinette
|
|
As queen, Marie spent so much money on gowns, jewels, and gifts that she became known as ______ _______
|
Madame Deficit.
|
|
"i.
|
an assembly of representatives from all three estates"
|
|
This Estate was made up of mostly members of the bourgeoisie whose views had been shaped by the Enlightenment
|
3rd Estate
|
|
Who said "What is the Third Estate? Everything. What has it been up to now in the political order? Nothing. What does it demand? To become something herein."
|
Abbe Sieves
|
|
"a.
|
Third Estate delegates who pass laws and reforms in the name of the French people."
|
|
"a.
|
the Third Estate delegates found themselves locked out of their meeting room. They broke down a door to an indoor tennis court, pledging to stay until they had drawn up a new constitution"
|
|
How did Louis try to make peace with the 3rd Estate
|
Louis tried to make peace with the Third Estate by yielding to the National Assembly's demands.
|
|
The Prison that the people of France overtook to get Gunpowder to "defend" their city
|
Bastille
|
|
"1.
|
wild rumors circulated that the nobles were hiring outlaws to terrorize the peasants."
|
|
What are the rights that were stated in France's Declaration of the rights of man
|
liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression
|
|
"2.
|
However, the Declaration of the Rights of Man did not apply to _____"
|
|
What drove a wedge between the peasants and the bourgeoisie's relations.
|
The combining of Church and State
|
|
in June 1791, Louis and his family tried to escape from France to where?
|
the Austrian Netherlands.
|
|
How was Louis caught escaping?
|
A postmaster recognized him from currency and had him returned to Paris under guard
|
|
The National Assembly created what kind of Government?
|
limited constitutional monarchy
|
|
"a.
|
This assembly had the power to create laws and to approve or prevent any war the king declared on other nations"
|
|
what caused the Revolution's leaders to turn against one another?
|
Angry cries for more liberty, more equality, and more bread
|
|
nobles and others who had fled France during the peasant uprisings
|
Emigres
|
|
On the extreme left, the most radical group was
|
the sans-culottes
|
|
In 1792, the French were faced not only with reforms at home but also with what?
|
a disastrous foreign war
|
|
French radicals hoped to spread _____ __________ to all the peoples of Europe.
|
their revolution
|
|
"2.
|
When Austria and Prussia proposed that France put Louis back on the throne, the Legislative Assembly responded by:..."
|
|
_______ later joined Austria in the war against the French in 1792.
|
Prussia
|
|
"d.
|
On July 25,1792, the Prussian commander threatened to destroy Paris if..."
|
|
"5.
|
The new French governing body, elected in September of 1792, called itself the..."
|
|
"3.
|
In France, The most radical club in 1792 was the"
|
|
During the Revolt he edited a radical newspaper. His fiery edit called for "five or six hundred heads cut off` France of the enemies of the Revolution
|
Paul Marat
|
|
The delegates reduced Louis XVI's role, from that of a king to that of a
|
common citizen and prisoner.
|
|
"1.
|
The new republic (France)'s first problem was"
|
|
"2.
|
Early in 1793, Great Britain, Holland, and Spain joined Prussia and Austria in an alliance known as"
|
|
"6.
|
From July 1793 to July 1794, __________ governed France nearly as a dictator, and the period of his rule became known as the Reign of Terror."
|
|
"a.
|
The most famous victim of the French Terror was..."
|
|
"7.
|
During the Terror, approximately 3,000 people were executed in Paris. Some historians believe that as many as 40,000 were killed all together. About __ percent were peasants or members of the urban poor or middle class—common people for whose benefit the Revolution had supposedly been carried out."
|
|
"i.
|
By July 1794, the members of the National Convention knew that none of them were safe from Robespierre. So what did they do to make themselves safe?"
|
|
"v.
|
The third since 1789, the new constitution placed power firmly in the hands of the upper middle class and called for a two-house legislature and an executive body of five men, known as the..."
|
|
ii.
|
When he was nine years old, his parents sent him to a military school in northern France.
|
|
iii.
|
In 1785, at the age of 16, he finished school and became a lieutenant in the artillery"
|
|
In October 1795, Because of his _________, Napoleon Bonaparte became the hero of the hour and was hailed throughout Paris as the savior of the French republic.
|
cannonade
|
|
"c.
|
In 1796, the Directory appointed Napoleon to lead a French army against the forces of _______ and the Kingdom of ________."
|
|
Where was Napoleon's Army finally shut down?
|
Egypt by the British
|
|
"2.
|
Upon Napoleon's return from Egypt, the ____ ______ urged him to seize political power"
|
|
"1.
|
vote of the people"
|
|
"1.
|
Under Napoleon, France would have _____ and _________"
|
|
What was Napoleon's First order of business as ruler
|
"3.
|
|
government-run public schools.
|
lycees
|
|
what gained Napoleon the support of the organized church as well as the majority of the French people.
|
his concordat with the church
|
|
Napoleon's system of laws
|
Napoleonic Code.
|
|
"9.
|
Although the code gave the country a uniform set of laws and eliminated many injustices, it actually limited _______ and promoted order and authority over individual ______."
|
|
"a.
|
The code took away some rights that women had won during the Revolution, such as:"
|
|
This napoleonic code also brought back what abolished practice
|
slavery
|
|
"a.
|
Napolean grabbed the crown out of the Pope’s hands, symbolizing that"
|
|
What erupted the french Civil war
|
"a.
|
|
"2.
|
In 1801, Napoleon decided to regain French control of the slaves and restore its productive sugar industry. Although he sent 23,000 soldiers to accomplish the task, the former slaves proved to be difficult to defeat, and thousands of soldiers died of"
|
|
The Only Major Battle that napoleon ever lost
|
the Battle of Trafalgar
|
|
"a.
|
The destruction of the French fleet had two major results, what were they?"
|
|
ii.
|
Second, it forced Napoleon to give up his plans of invading Britain."
|
|
"2.
|
By 1812, the only major European countries free from Napoleon's control were:"
|
|
the powerful countries of ______, _______, _______ were loosely attached to Napoleon's empire through alliances.
|
Russia, Prussia, and Austria
|
|
"i.
|
Napoleon's own ___________ proved to be the greatest danger to the future its empire"
|
|
"1.
|
In November 1806, Napoleon signed a document ordering a ________, This was called the continental system because..."
|
|
"1.
|
In 1808, Napoleon made a second costly mistake. Because ________ was ignoring the Continental System, he sent an army through Spain to invade________"
|
|
"4.
|
Because the French Revolution had weakened, the Catholic Church in France, many Spanish Catholics feared that"
|
|
"ii.
|
Battle of Leipzig"
|
|
Absolutism is a ______ to anarchy
|
remedy
|
|
"a.
|
a deep devotion to one's nation."
|
|
"3.
|
By the turn of the 20th century, a fierce rivalry indeed had developed among Europe's Great Powers. Those nations were"
|
|
_____ _______ was the home to the industrial revolution
|
Great Britain
|
|
This nation challenged Britain's power for most industrial nation
|
Germany
|
|
"2.
|
In 1905 and again in 1911, Germany and France nearly fought over who Would control _______, in northern Africa"
|
|
"1.
|
By 1914, all the Great Powers except _______ had large standing armies."
|
|
"1.
|
Between 1864 and 1871, Prussia's blood-and-iron chancellor, ____ ___ ________, freely used war to unify Germany"
|
|
"2.
|
After 1871, however, Bismarck declared Germany to be a ""_________ _____."""
|
|
"4.
|
Bismarck saw ______ as the greatest threat to peace"
|
|
"6.
|
In 1879, Bismarck formed the Dual Alliance between Germany and ______-_______"
|
|
Germany and Austria-Hungary, and Italy
|
Triple Alliance
|
|
"b.
|
In 1887, Bismarck took yet another possible ally away from France by making a treaty with"
|
|
"a.
|
In 1890, ______ _______ __—who two years earlier had become ruler of Germany—forced Bismarck to resign."
|
|
Britain, France, and Russia
|
Triple Entente
|
|
"i.
|
With a long history of nationalist uprisings and ethnic clashes, the _______ were known as the ""powder keg"" of Europe"
|
|
In the early 1900's, ______ hoped to absorb all the Slavs on the Balkan Peninsula. In addition, both Russia and Austria-Hungary had hoped to fill the power vacuum created by the _______ decline in the Balkans.
|
Serbia, Ottoman
|
|
The Killer of Archduke Ferdinand was
|
Gavrilo Princip, a 19-year-old member of the Black Hand.
|
|
a secret society committed to ridding Bosnia of Austrian rule
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The Black Hand
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list of demands that if not met, will lead to serious consequences.
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Ultimatum
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The German defense Plan where a large part of the German army would race west, to defeat France, and then return to fight Russia in the east.
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The Schlieffen plan
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Germany and Austria-Hungary were known as
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The Central Powers
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Great Britain, France, and Russia, Japan, and Italy were known as
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The Allied Powers
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This deadlocked region in northern France in WWI
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Western front
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Where do the Central Powers gain advantage on the Eastern Front
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Tannenberg
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"a.
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A promising strategy seemed to be to attack a region in the Ottoman Empire known as the Dardanelles. By securing the Dardanelles, the Allies believed that they could take Constantinople, defeat the Turks, and establish a supply line to Russia. They might even be able to mount an offensive into the Austrian heartland by way of the Danube River."
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Germany and Russia signed the Treaty of _____-_______, which ended the war between them.
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Brest-Litovsk
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"6.
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The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk required the Russian government to surrender lands to Germany that now include"
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Who were the Big 4
|
"1.
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2.
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Georges Clemenceau of France,
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3.
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David Lloyd George of Great Britain, and
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4.
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Vittorio Orlando of Italy."
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"a.
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The five Allied powers—............—were to be permanent members of the league's Executive Council"
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