Livy Book I

Front 1

officiō (obf-) ēcī, ectus, ere

Back 1

hinder, oppose, thwart, obstruct

Front 2

praebeō uī, itus, ēre

Back 2

proffer, offer, tender

Front 3

fēstīnō āvī, ātus, āre

Back 3

to hasten, make haste, be in haste, hurry, be quick

Front 4

prīdem adv.

Back 4

long ago, long since, a long time ago

Front 5

tantisper adv.

Back 5

Followed by dum, all the time, for so long; for so long a time, in the meantime, meanwhile

Front 6

sollicitus adj.

Back 6

thoroughly moved, agitated, disturbed:

Front 7

salūbris, is, e, adj.

Back 7

health-giving, healthful, wholesome, salubrious, salutary

Front 8

lūxus ūs

Back 8

excess, indulgence, luxury, debauchery

Front 9

ōrdior ōrsus, īrī

Back 9

begin, commence, make a beginning, set about, undertake

Front 10

ōrsa ōrum, n

Back 10

an undertaking, attempt

Front 11

precātiō ōnis, f

Back 11

a praying, prayer

Front 12

vōtum ī, n

Back 12

a promise to a god, solemn pledge, religious engagement, vow

Front 13

clādēs (clādis, L.) is, f

Back 13

destruction, injury, mischief, harm, misfortune, disaster, loss, detriment, calamity

Front 14

arceō cuī, —, ēre

Back 14

hold off, keep at a distance, protect, to shut up, enclose

Front 15

advena ae, m and f

Back 15

a stranger, foreigner, immigrant

Front 16

diffīdo fīsus sum, ere

Back 16

despair, be distrustful

Front 17

accola ae, m

Back 17

neighbor

Front 18

cessō āvī, ātus, āre

Back 18

delay, loiter, cease from, stop,

Front 19

ambigo, -ere

Back 19

dispute, contend; go around, doubt, be uncertain

Hint 19

Haud ambigam hicine fuerit Ascanius an maior quam hic

Front 20

nūncupō āvī, ātus, āre

Back 20

to call by name, call, name

Hint 20

quem Iulum eundem Iulia gens auctorem nominis sui nuncupat

Front 21

noverca ae, f

Back 21

a step-mother, stepdame

Hint 21

Ascanius urbem matri seu novercae relinquit

Front 22

porrigō, rēxī, rēctus, ere

Back 22

to stretch out, spread out, put forth, reach out, extend

Hint 22

(urbs) quae ab situ porrectae in dorso urbis Longa Alba appellata

Front 23

dorsum ī, n, or (old) dorsus, ī, m

Back 23

back, ridge, cliff

Front 24

fundō fūdī, fūsus, ere

Back 24

To overthrow, overcome, rout, vanquish, put to flight; to pour

Hint 24

Tantum tamen opes creuerant maxime fusis Etruscis ut...

Front 25

verēcundia ae, f

Back 25

modesty, shame, reserve, shyness

Hint 25

Plus tamen vis potuit quam voluntas patris aut verecundia aetatis

Front 26

partus ūs, m

Back 26

Young, offspring; a bearing, bringing forth, birth, delivery

Hint 26

perpetua virginitate spem partus adimit

Front 27

dē-fungor fūnctus, ī,

Back 27

discharge, perform, finish

Front 28

alveus ī, m

Back 28

here: "basket"; a hollow, cavity

Hint 28

cum fluitantem alveum, quo expositi erant pueri, tenuis in sicco aqua destituisset...

Front 29

fluitō āvī, —, āre,

Back 29

to float, flow

Hint 29

cum fluitantem alveum, quo expositi erant pueri, tenuis in sicco aqua destituisset...

Front 30

vāgītus (ūs), m

Back 30

crying, squalling

Hint 30

lupam sitientem ex montibus qui circa sunt ad puerilem vagitum cursum flexisse

Front 31

adeo mitem

Back 31

so gently

Front 32

lambō —, —, ere

Back 32

to lick, lap, touch

Hint 32

lingua lambentem pueros magister regii pecoris invenerit

Front 33

ad-olēscō (adul-) olēvī, ultus, ere,

Back 33

to grow up, come to maturity, ripen

Front 34

sēgnis e, adj.

Back 34

slow, tardy, slack, dilatory, lingering, sluggish, inactive, lazy

Front 35

saltus ūs, m

Back 35

forest, woodland

Front 36

latrō ōnis, m

Back 36

highwayman, robber, footpad, bandit, brigand

Hint 36

sed in latrones praeda onustos impetus facere

Front 37

lūdicrum ī, n

Back 37

a sport, toy, public game, scenic show, stage-play

Hint 37

Iam tum in Palatio monte Lupercal hoc fuisse ludicrum ferunt

Front 38

ūltrō adv.

Back 38

to the farther side, beyond, Over and above, besides, moreover, too, furthermore

Front 39

nectō ēxuī, xus, ere

Back 39

bind, tie, interweave,

Front 40

globus ī, m

Back 40

ball, sphere, Of men, a throng, crowd, body, mass, gathering,

Hint 40

Romulus non cum globo iuvenum—nec enim erat ad vim apertam par—sed aliis alio itinere iussis certo tempore ad regiam venire pastoribus ad regem impetum facit

Front 41

obtineō (opt-) tinuī, tentus, ēre

Back 41

have, occupy, possess, preserve, keep, maintain

Hint 41

cum pubem Albanam in arcem praesidio armisque obtinendam auocasset

Front 42

pergō perrēxī, perrēctus, ere

Back 42

proceed, press on, hasten, continue, go forward, march, make haste

Hint 42

postquam iuvenes perpetrata caede pergere ad se gratulantes vidit

Front 43

grātulor ātus, ārī,

Back 43

to manifest joy, be glad, congratulate, rejoice

Hint 43

postquam iuvenes perpetrata caede pergere ad se gratulantes vidit

Front 44

cōntiō (not cōncio), ōnis, f

Back 44

assembly, gathering, audience — A discourse, oration, public address, harangue, speech

Front 45

interimō or interemō ēmī, ēmptus, or ēmtus

Back 45

To destroy, slay, kill; take away, do away with, abolish

Hint 45

Herculem in ea loca Geryone interempto boves mira specie abegisse memorant

Front 46

armentum ī,

Back 46

cattle for ploughing.— In gen., neat cattle, horned cattle, oxen

Hint 46

prope Tiberim fluuium, qua prae se armentum agens nando traiecerat

Front 47

cauda, ae or (low) cōda

Back 47

a tail

Hint 47

aversos boves, eximium quemque pulchritudine, caudis in speluncam traxit.

Front 48

per-lūstrō āvī, ātus, āre

Back 48

to go over, wander all through, traverse completely, —Fig., to view all over, examine, survey

Hint 48

Hercules ad primam auroram somno excitus cum gregem perlustrasset oculis et partem abesse numero sensisset

Front 49

foras adv.

Back 49

forth, out, out of doors

Hint 49

(uestigia) Quae ubi omnia foras versa vidit...

Front 50

vādō —, —, ere

Back 50

to go, walk, go hastily, proceed rapidly, rush

Hint 50

(Herculem) Quem cum vadentem ad speluncam Cacus vi prohibere conatus esset

Front 51

clāva ae,

Back 51

stick, cudgel, club

Hint 51

ictus claua fidem pastorum nequiquam invocans morte occubuit.

Front 52

fātiloquus adj.

Back 52

prophesying, prophetic, sust. prophet

Hint 52

(Carmentae matris) quam fatiloquam ante Sibyllae in Italiam adventum miratae eae gentes fuerant.

Front 53

advena ae, m and f

Back 53

a stranger, foreigner, immigrant

Hint 53

Evander concursu pastorum trepidantium circa advenam manifestae reum caedis excitus...

Front 54

excieo and excio, -cire, -civi and -cii, -citum

Back 54

call out, arouse

Hint 54

Evander concursu pastorum trepidantium circa advenam manifestae reum caedis excitus...

Front 55

cecinit

Back 55

canō cecinī, —, ere

Front 56

dicō āvī, ātus, āre

Back 56

to dedicate, consecrate, devote

Hint 56

tibique aram hic dicatum iri

Front 57

(daps) dapis, f

Back 57

a solemn feast, sacrificial feast

Hint 57

, adhibitis ad ministerium dapemque Potitiis ac Pinariis,

Front 58

inclutus and inclitus (not inclytus), adj.

Back 58

celebrated, renowned, famous, illustrious, glorious:

Hint 58

Potitiis ac Pinariis, quae tum familiae maxime inclitae ea loca incolebant,

Front 59

exta ōrum, n

Back 59

internal organs of the body, significant organs

Hint 59

Potitii ad tempus praesto essent iisque exta apponerentur,

Front 60

vesco , ĕre, v. a. vescor,

Back 60

to feed

Hint 60

Inde institutum mansit donec Pinarium genus fuit, ne extis eorum sollemnium vescerentur.

Front 61

antistes itis, m and f

Back 61

an overseer of a temple, high-priest, priest of a rite or a god:

Front 62

fautor ōris, m

Back 62

furtherer, promoter, patron

Front 63

ec-quī ecquae, ecqua, or ecquod (no gen.), pron. interr. ad

Back 63

Is there any? Any?

Hint 63

Ac plerisque rogitantibus dimissi ecquod feminis quoque asylum aperuissent

Front 64

aegritūdō dinis, f

Back 64

resentment, sickness, grief, affliction, melancholy

Front 65

in-dīcō dīxī, dictus, ere,

Back 65

to declare publicly, proclaim, publish, announce, appoint

Hint 65

Indici deinde finitimis spectaculum iubet;

Front 66

industria ae, f

Back 66

cog; Esp. abl., usu. with de or ex, diligently, assiduously, deliberately, on purpose, purposely, intentionally

Hint 66

Romulus aegritudinem animi dissimulans ludos ex industria parat Neptuno equestri sollemnes;

Front 67

scīscitor ātus, ārī, dep

Back 67

ask, inquire, question, examine, interrogate

Hint 67

multisque sciscitantibus cuinam eam ferrent,

Front 68

molliō (mollībat for molliēbat, O.), īvī, ītus, īre

Back 68

to make soft, make supple, soften

Hint 68

mollirent modo iras

Front 69

fors fortis

Back 69

chance, hap, luck, hazard, accident

Hint 69

et, quibus fors corpora dedisset, darent animos;

Front 70

adnitor

Back 70

strive after, endeavor earnestly

Front 71

postmodum adv.

Back 71

after a while, a little later

Front 72

(vicis) only gen. vicis, acc. vicem, abl. vice, plur nom. vicēs, acc. vicīs or vicēs, dat. and abl. vicibus, f

Back 72

office, duty, part: change, alternation, succession — A lot, fate, hap, condition, fortune

Front 73

fungor fūnctus, ī,

Back 73

to busy oneself, be engaged, perform, execute, administer, discharge, observe, do

Front 74

pālor ātus, ārī,

Back 74

wander, roam, saunter, be dispersed, straggle

Hint 74

Raptim et ad hos Romana legio ducta palatos in agris oppressit.

Front 75

fundō fūdī, fūsus, ere

Back 75

pour out; overcome, rout, vanquish,

Hint 75

Fusi igitur primo impetu et clamore hostes...

Front 76

ovō —, —, āre,

Back 76

to exult, rejoice

Hint 76

ouantem Romulum Hersilia coniunx precibus raptarum fatigata orat ut...

Front 77

clādēs (clādis, L.) is, f

Back 77

destruction, injury, mischief, harm, misfortune, disaster, loss, detriment, calamity

Hint 77

Ibi minus etiam quod alienis cladibus ceciderant animi certaminis fuit.

Front 78

re-cēnseō suī, —, ēre,

Back 78

To examine, review, muster, survey; to count, enumerate, number, reckon, survey:

Hint 78

cum ad exercitum recensendum contionem in campo ad Caprae paludem haberet

Front 79

cōntiō (not cōncio), ōnis, f

Back 79

assembly, convocation, gathering, audience

Hint 79

subito coorta tempestas cum magno fragore tonitribusque tam denso regem operuit nimbo ut conspectum eius contioni abstulerit;

Front 80

sōspitō —, —, āre

Back 80

to save, keep safe, preserve, protect, prosper

Hint 80

uti volens propitius suam semper sospitet progeniem.

Front 81

discerpō psī, ptus, ere

Back 81

to tear in pieces, rend, mangle, mutilate; scatter,

Hint 81

Fuisse credo tum quoque aliquos qui discerptum regem patrum manibus taciti arguerent;

Front 82

arguō uī, ūtus, ere

Back 82

to make known, show, prove, manifest, disclose, declare,

Hint 82

Fuisse credo tum quoque aliquos qui discerptum regem patrum manibus taciti arguerent;

Front 83

īnfēnsus adj.

Back 83

hostile, inimical, enraged

Hint 83

Namque Proculus Iulius, sollicita civitate desiderio regis et infensa patribus, gravis, ut traditur, quamuis magnae rei auctor in contionem prodit. "Romulus" inquit,

Front 84

quamvis

Back 84

adv. - however much, exceedingly; conj. - although

Hint 84

Namque Proculus Iulius, sollicita civitate desiderio regis et infensa patribus, gravis, ut traditur, quamuis magnae rei auctor in contionem prodit. "Romulus" inquit,

Front 85

inclutus and inclitus (not inclytus), adj.

Back 85

celebrated, renowned, famous, illustrious, glorious:

Front 86

ē-dō didī, ditus, ere,

Back 86

bring forth, raise, set up, produce, publish, relate, tell,

Front 87

excieo and ex-cĭo , īvi or ii, itum

Back 87

call out, arouse, excite

Hint 87

Aut quo linguae commercio quemquam ad cupiditatem discendi excivisset?

Front 88

taetrĭcus (tētr- ), a, um, adj. taeter,

Back 88

forbidding, stern

Hint 88

(eum esse) instructumque non tam peregrinis artibus quam disciplina tetrica ac tristi veterum Sabinorum,

Front 89

(accītus ūs), m

Back 89

a summons, call

Front 90

laeva ae, f

Back 90

the left hand

Hint 90

Augur ad laevam eius capite uelato sedem cepit, dextra manu baculum sine nodo aduncum tenens quem lituum appellarunt.

Front 91

ad-uncus adj.,

Back 91

crooked, bent inwards, hooked

Hint 91

Augur ad laevam eius capite uelato sedem cepit, dextra manu baculum sine nodo aduncum tenens quem lituum appellarunt.

Front 92

lituus, i m

Back 92

a crooked staff borne by an augur, augur's crook, crosier, augural wand

Hint 92

tum lituo in laevam manum translato, dextra in caput Numae imposita, ita precatus est:

Front 93

imperītus (in-p-) adj.

Back 93

with comp. and sup, inexperienced, unversed, unfamiliar, not knowing, unacquainted with, unskilled, ignorant:

Hint 93

rem ad multitudinem imperitam et illis saeculis rudem efficacissimam, deorum metum iniciendum ratus est.

Front 94

commentus adj.

Back 94

devised, invented, feigned, fictitious:

Hint 94

Qui cum descendere ad animos sine aliquo commento miraculi non posset,

Front 95

monitus ūs, m

Back 95

a reminding, warning, admonition

Hint 95

eius se monitu quae acceptissima dis essent sacra instituere, sacerdotes suos cuique deorum praeficere.

Front 96

intercalārius adj.

Back 96

for insertion, intercalary

Hint 96

intercalariis mensibus interponendis ita dispensavit, ut ...

Front 97

vīcēsimus, vīcēnsimus, or vīgēsimus adj. num.

Back 97

the twentieth

Hint 97

ita dispensavit, ut vicesimo anno ad metam eandem solis unde orsi essent,

Front 98

mēta ae, f

Back 98

—An end, period, extremity, boundary, limit; A goal, winning-post, mark

Hint 98

ita dispensavit, ut vicesimo anno ad metam eandem solis unde orsi essent,

Front 99

nefastos dies fastosque

Back 99

nefāstus adj: contrary to religion, irreligious, impious; unpropitious, on which courts or public assemblies must not sit

Hint 99

Idem nefastos dies fastosque fecit quia aliquando nihil cum populo agi utile futurum erat.

Front 100

lūcus ī, m

Back 100

a sacred grove, consecrated wood, park surrounding a temple

Hint 100

Lucus erat quem medium ex opaco specu fons perenni rigabat aqua.

Front 101

specus ūs, m

Back 101

cave, cavern, grot, den, chasm, channel, pit

Hint 101

Lucus erat quem medium ex opaco specu fons perenni rigabat aqua.

Front 102

bīgae ārum, f

Back 102

two horses harnessed to an open car; pair

Hint 102

Ad id sacrarium flamines bigis curru arcuato vehi iussit...

Front 103

arcuātus (arquu-) adj.

Back 103

bow - like, arched (rare): currus,

Hint 103

Ad id sacrarium flamines bigis curru arcuato vehi iussit

Front 104

flāmen inis, m

Back 104

a priest

Hint 104

Ad id sacrarium flamines bigis curru arcuato vehi iussit

Front 105

socordia, ae

socor, socordis (adj)

Back 105

stupidity, negligence

stupid, negligence

Hint 105

Ab Albanis socordius res acta;

Front 106

subigō ēgī, āctus, ere

Back 106

compel, drive, to drive up, bring up

Hint 106

(dixerunt) se inuitos quicquam quod minus placeat Tullo dicturos, sed imperio subigi;

Front 107

ex-petō īvī, ītus, īre,

Back 107

seek after, strive for aim at, demand, ask

Hint 107

Ad haec Tullus "Nuntiate" inquit, "regi uestro regem Romanum deos facere testes, uter prius populus res repetentes legatos aspernatus dimiserit, ut in eum omnes expetant huiusce clades belli."

Front 108

fossa ae, f

Back 108

trench

Hint 108

Castra ab urbe haud plus quinque milia passuum locant, fossa circumdant;

Front 109

circum-dō dedī, datus, are,

Back 109

to place around, cause to surround, set around

Hint 109

Castra ab urbe haud plus quinque milia passuum locant, fossa circumdant;

Front 110

（ōrsus, ūs) m

Back 110

a beginning, undertaking, attempt (only acc plur.):

Front 111

prāvus adj.

Back 111

improper, wrong, vicious, bad; crooked, distorted, misshapen, deformed

Hint 111

et quoniam recta consilia haud bene euenerant, prauis reconciliare popularium animos coepit.

Front 112

prōditiō ōnis, f

Back 112

a betrayal, treason, treachery:

Hint 112

suis per speciem societatis proditionem reseruat.

Front 113

voveō vōvī, vōtus, ēre,

Back 113

to vow, promise solemnly,

Hint 113

Tullus in re trepida duodecim vovit Salios fanaque Pallori ac pavori.

Front 114

fānum ī, n

Back 114

a shrine, sanctuary, temple:

Hint 114

Tullus in re trepida duodecim vovit Salios fanaque Pallori ac pavori.

Front 115

inter-saepiō saepsī, saeptus, ēre,

Back 115

To shut off, cut off, obstruct, enclose

Hint 115

Id factum magnae parti peditum Romanorum conspectum abeuntis Albani exercitus intersaepsit;

Front 116

con-cĭĕo , cīvi, cĭtum, 2 (from the access. form concĭo , īre:

Back 116

collect, assemble; excite, arouse

Hint 116

Elatum domo Lucretiae corpus in forum deferunt, concientque miraculo, ut fit, rei novae atque indignitate homines.

Front 117

nē-quāquam & haudquaquam adv.,

Back 117

in no wise, by no means, not at all:

Front 118

orbitās ātis, f

Back 118

destitution, bereavement, childlessness, orphanage, widowhood

Hint 118

(dixit) de orbitate Tricipitini cui morte filiae causa mortis indignior ac miserabilior esset.

Front 119

cloāca ae, f

Back 119

a canal for waste liquids, sewer, drain,

Hint 119

Addita superbia ipsius regis miseriaeque et labores plebis in fossas cloacasque exhauriendas demersae;

Front 120

ex-hauriō hausī, haustus, īre,

Back 120

to draw out, empty, exhaust; to take away, remove

Hint 120

Addita superbia ipsius regis miseriaeque et labores plebis in fossas cloacasque exhauriendas demersae;

Front 121

bellātor ōris, m

Back 121

a warrior, soldier, fighting man

Hint 121

(dixit) Romanos homines, victores omnium circa populorum, opifices ac lapicidas pro bellatoribus factos (esse).

Front 122

exsecror or execror ātus, ārī,

Back 122

to curse, utter curses, execrate, abhor

Front 123

simultās ātis, gen plur. ātium, rarely ātum, f

Back 123

a hostile encounter, dissension, enmity, rivalry, jealousy, grudge, hatred, animosity

Hint 123

Sex. Tarquinius Gabios tamquam in suum regnum profectus ab ultoribus veterum simultatium, quas sibi ipse caedibus rapinisque concierat, est interfectus.