Living Anat 2 -Shortened

Front 1

Gastrocnemius

Back 1

Innervation: tibial nerve
Origin: posterior aspect of medial and lateral femoral condyles
Insertion: calcaneus via the calcaneal, or Achilles, tendon
Action: plantar flexion of the foot, flexion of the leg

Front 2

Soleus

Back 2

Innervation: tibial nerve
Origin: posterior surface of the head and proximal 1/3 of the shaft of the
fibula; soleal line and middle 1/3 of the postero-medial border of the
tibia
Insertion: calcaneus via the calcaneal, or Achilles, tendon
Action: plantar flexion of the foot
*Palpate the gastrocnemius muscle
near its inferior medal and lateral heads. You will notice a muscle extending
farther medially and laterally than the two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle.

Front 3

Plantaris

Back 3

Innervation: tibial nerve
Origin: inferior posterior portion of the lateral supracondylar line of the
femur
Insertion: calcaneus, medial to the calcaneal tendon
Action: plantar flexion of the foot, flexion of the leg
*palpate just
medial to the calcaneal tendon just superior to its insertion on the calcaneus. You
may feel a small separate tendon on the medial side of the calcaneal tendon

Front 4

Tibialis Posterior

Back 4

Innervation: tibial nerve
Origin: posterior surface of tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
Insertion: navicular tuberosity; plantar surfaces of all tarsal bones except
the talus; plantar surfaces of the bases of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th
metatarsals
Action: plantar flexion, inversion of the foot; supports the arch

Front 5

Flexor Digitorum Longus

Back 5

Innervation: tibial nerve
Origin: posterior surface of the tibia
Insertion: plantar surface of the bases of the distal phalanges of the
lesser toes
Action: plantar flexion of lesser toes and foot; inversion of foot

Front 6

Flexor Hallucis Longus

Back 6

Innervation: tibial nerve
Origin: distal 2/3 of posterior fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: plantar surface of base of distal phalanx of great toe
Action: plantar flexion of great toe and foot; inversion of foot

Front 7

Tibialis Anterior

Back 7

Origin: lateral condyle of the tibia; proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of the
tibia; interosseous membrane
Insertion: plantar surface of the base of the 1st metatarsal; medial plantar
surface of 1st cuneiform
Action: dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

Front 8

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Back 8

Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Origin: middle 1/2 of anterior fibula; interosseous membrane
Insertion: dorsum of base of distal phalanx of the great toe
Action: dorsiflexion, or extension, of the great toe; dorsiflexion and
inversion of the foot

Front 9

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Back 9

Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia; anterior head and shaft of fibula;
interosseous membrane
Insertion: dorsum of middle and distal phalanges of lesser toes
Action: dorsiflexion, or extension, of lesser toes; dorsiflexion and eversion of
foot

Front 10

Peroneus Tertius

Back 10

Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Origin: distal 1/3 of anterior fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion: dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
Action: dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot

Front 11

Peroneus Longus

Back 11

Innervation: superficial peroneal nerve
Origin: head and proximal 2/3 of lateral shaft of fibula; lateral condyle of
tibia
Insertion: lateral plantar surface of 1st cuneiform and base of 1st
metatarsal
Action: plantar flexion and eversion of the foot

Front 12

Peroneus Brevis

Back 12

Innervation: superficial peroneal nerve
Origin: distal 2/3 of lateral shaft of fibula
Insertion: tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal
Action: plantar flexion and eversion of the foot

Front 13

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

Back 13

Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Origin: distal lateral surface of the calcaneus
Insertion: lateral sides of the tendons of extensor digitorum longus of the
2nd, 3rd, and 4th toes
Action: dorsiflexion, or extension, of toes 2-4

Front 14

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

Back 14

Innervation: deep peroneal nerve
Origin: distal medial surface of the calcaneus
Insertion: dorsum of base of proximal phalanx of the great toe
Action: dorsiflexion, or extension, of the great toe

Front 15

Abductor Digiti Minimi

Back 15

Innervation: lateral plantar nerve
Origin: lateral tuberosity of the calcaneus; plantar aponeurosis
Insertion: lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th toe
Action: abduction of the 5th toe from the midline of the foot

Front 16

Abductor Hallucis

Back 16

Innervation: medial plantar nerve
Origin: medial tuberosity of the calcaneus; plantar aponeurosis
Insertion: medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of the great toe
Action: abduction of the great toe from the midline of the foot

Front 17

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Back 17

Innervation: medial plantar nerve
Origin: medial tuberosity of the calcaneus; plantar aponeurosis
Insertion: plantar surface of middle phalanges of lesser toes
Action: plantar flexes, or flexes, the lesser toes

Front 18

Dorsal Interossei

Back 18

Innervation: lateral plantar nerve
Origin: adjacent sides of the metatarsals
Insertion: both sides of the proximal phalanges of the 2nd toe; lateral side
of the proximal phalanges of the 3rd and 4th toes
Action: abduction of the toes

Front 19

lateral colateral ligaments of ankle

Back 19

ANTERIOR TALOFIBULAR LIGAMENT, the
CALCANEOFIBULAR LIGAMENT, and the POSTERIOR TALOFIBULAR
LIGAMENT.