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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Components of the LFT |
- aspartate aminotransferase (AST) - alanine aminotransferase (ALT) - alkaline phosphatase (ALP) - gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) - bilirubin - serum albumin - PT |
7 |
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Markers of hepatocyte integrity - more specific |
- AST: liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidney, brain, RBCs - ALT: specific to liver, so higher levels give a AST/ALT ratio of less than 1 |
2 |
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Causes of raised AST/ALT |
- 10x ULN: acute hepatitis, toxic drugs - 4x ULN: chronic hepatitis, biliary obstruction, cirrhosis, alchohol abuse |
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Markers of cholestasis |
- ALP - gamma-GT - bilirubin |
3 |
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Causes of raised ALP, GGT & bilirubin |
- gallstones - stricture of the bile duct - pregnancy - PBC - sepsis - hepatitis - medications: erythromycin, phenytoin, flucloxacillin, co-amoxiclav, COCP, some antipsychotics |
6 |
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Causes of raised unconjugated bilirubin |
- haemolytic/pernicious anaemia
- transfusion reactions - cirrhosis - Gilbert's syndrome |
4 |
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Causes of raised conjugated bilirubin |
- decreased elimination by the liver: viral hepatitis, drug reactions, alcoholic liver disease - blockage of the bile ducts: gallstones, tumours, scarring of the bile ducts |
2 |
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Markers of synthetic function |
- albumin - PT/INR |
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Causes of decreased albumin |
- advanced liver disease - kidney disease - shock - malnutrition - malabsorption - infections - burns - surgery - chronic illness |
9 |
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Causes of prolonged PT
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Extrinsic factor pathway deficiencies - I - II - V - VII - X INR = 0.9-1.2 |
5 |
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Other components produced by the liver |
- total protein - lactate dehydrogenase - alpha fetoprotein |
3 |
