Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Normally palpable structures |
Liver Colon,lower pole of kidney Hard feces, rectus abdominis Inguinal nodes Aorta, distended bladder. |
|
|
Curvoisier's law |
Gall bladder is distended & palpable in Ca. Not palpable in repeated cholecystitis due to contraction |
|
|
Liver span |
12-15 cm from 5th rib. |
|
|
Ascitis vs tumours |
Flanks are dull even in mild ascitis. While central dullness is common in tumours. |
|
|
Normal bowel sounds |
Gurgling sounds heard once every 10 to 15 seconds. |
|
|
Increased bowel sounds |
Small bowel obstruction Severe GI bleeding. Carcinoid. Malabsorption. |
|
|
Decreased bowel sounds |
Paralytic ileus Peritonitis. |
|
|
Criggler-najjar syndrome type1 |
AR type. Total absence of UDPGT. Fatal. |
|
|
Crigggler najjar type 2 |
AD type. Normal life compatible. Mild UDPGT deficiency. Bilirubin levels 5 mg/dl. |
|
|
Gilbert's syndrome. |
Reduced glucuronyl transferase. Normal life. 1.3 to 3 mg/dl bilirubin |
|
|
Dubin johnson syndrome |
Canalicular transport is impaired. Dark pigmented liver. Normal life expectancy. 30 mg/dl bilirubin. |
|
|
ALT & AST |
Normaly around 40 Greater than 300-400 indicates liver cell damage. |
|
|
AST/ALT |
A ratio greater than 2 is sen in alcoholic liver disease. |
