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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Impaired liver function may lead to many digestive problems such as? |
- Hypoglycemia - Immune disorders - Abnormal absorption of fats -Lead to indigestion, - reflux, - fat soluble vitamin deficits - haemorrhoids, - gall stones, - nausea and vomiting, - abdominal bloating and constipation - elevated LDL, reduced HDL cholesterol, - elevatedtriglycerides - high BP and heart disease. |
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Impaired liver function may lead to nervous system disorders such as..? |
Change in mood resulting in-
• depression, • anxiety, • Anger/irritability • Poor concentration • Cognitive ability • Headaches, including migraine associated with nausea |
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what is Hepatitis? |
inflammation of liver characterised by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the liver |
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what are the symptoms of hepatitis? |
- may not present with any symptoms but often leads to - jaundice - anorexia - general discomfort malaise - flu like symptoms |
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what is jaundice? what is the cause? |
yellowish pigmentation of the skin, conjunctival membranes over the sclera and other mucous membrane Caused by hyperbilirubinemia-subsequently causingincreased levels of bilirubin in the extracellular fluid. |
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what are the causes of hepatitis? |
- hepatitis viruses - alcohol - medications, toxic industrial organic solvents - it could also be secondary to other infections and autoimmune diseases |
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what are the possible routes to get hepatitis A? |
Hepatitis A is transmitted by mouth •Person-to-person contact •Poor personal hygiene •Poor sanitation •Unsafe sexual practices •Employment of contact with day care centers and healthcare institutions suchas nursing homes •Street drug use |
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what are the possible routes to get hepatitis B? |
Hepatitis B - transmitted through sex and blood •Hemodialysis •Patients of custodial institutions for developmentally disabled •Exposure to blood/blood clot products •Needle-stick injury •Sexual activity with multiple (heterosexual or homosexual) partners •IV drug use •Infants of HBV-positive mothers •Tattooing •Body piercing |
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What are the possible routes to get hepatitis C? |
Hepatitis C - usually spread by blood •Hemophilia •Hemodialysis •Organ transplant •IV drug use •Blood transfusion prior to 1992 •Needle-stick injury •Tattooing •Body piercing •Sexual activity with multiple partner |
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Is vaccination available for hepatitis? |
Hepatitis A and B are available but not Hepatitis C,D and E |
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what is liver fibrosis? |
Liver fibrosis is the scarring process that represents the liver’sresponse to injury Liver damage causes liver stellate cells to be over active andtriggers the extra cellular matrix (ECM) synthesis to increase 肝繊維症 |
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what is liver cirrhosis? |
characterized by replacement of liver tissue by fibrosis, scar tissue andregenerative nodules, leading to loss of liver function Cirrhosis is always developed from fibrosis
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How is liver cirrhosis treatment? |
preventing further damage to the liver- consume balanced diet,multivitamin, avoid drugs and alcohol that cause liver damage
Treating the complications of cirrhosis- • Treat edema and ascites by reducing salt in the diet. • Diuretics promote the elimination of salt and water into urine. |
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What is fatty liver disease? |
It is often considered benign condition as it is reversible. caused by large vacuoles of triglyceride fataccumulation in liver cells or abnormal retention of lipids. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated obesity May be inflammatory (steatohepatitis) leading to cirrhosis. • Fatty liver disease associated with--the taking of certain medications,gastric bypass surgery, high cholesterol, high levels of triglycerides inthe blood. |
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what are symptoms of fatty liver disease? |
o Dull or nagging pain in the abdominal area
o Weakness and nausea o Bloating and flatulence o High cholesterol and high blood pressure levels o Weight gain o Yellowness in the skin |
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what are the risk factors of fatty liver disease? |
Diabetes mellitus, protein malnutrition, hypertension cell toxicity
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How is fatty liver disease treated? |
Fatty liver can only be treated naturally through diet and exercise.
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